摘要:

During jejunal perfusion of normal subjects with isotonic mannitol-saline containing glucose, maltose or sucrose (112 mmol/l), monosaccharide absorption from disaccharides was greater than expected from the intraluminal concentration of free monosaccharides, and water secretion was greater than with glucose. With equimolar (112 mmol/l) glucose + disaccharide mixtures, intraluminal glucose concentrations were similar to but total glucose absorption less than expected from experiments with the individual sugars. The results favour sequential hydrolysis-absorption whereby high concentrations of monosaccharide accumulate at the brush border and promote sugar uptake by conventional rather than ‘disaccharidase-related’ transport, and stimulate water secretion by local osmotic effe

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198868

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Aspirin, 100mg/kg, given only twice at intervals of 16 h to fasted mini pigs induced lesions in the body but had no effect on the antrum and small intestine. Indomethacin, 40 mg/kg, given once daily for 10 consecutive days to non-fasted mini pigs very weakly irritated the pig stomach but induced multiple superficial lesions in the jejunum and ileum. 16,16-Dimethyl-PGE2-methyl ester, 10μg/kg in two divided doses or 20 μg/kg in four divided doses for 10 days, markedly inhibited the aspirin- or indomethacin-induced gastric and intestinal lesions in mini pigs, respectivel

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198869

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present study has been addressed to study the serum cationic trypsinogen (CT) response after the ingestion of a mixed meal and following the infusion of caerulein and bombesin. On the first day of study a mixed meal was administered to 12 normal volunteers. On the following day 6 of these subjects received bombesin infusion in stepwise increasing doses (18.7, 37.5, 75 and 150 pM/kg/h) every 30 min, while the remaining 6 subjets received caerulein infusion (18, 37, 75 and 150 ng/kg/h). The time course of the serum CT response to bombesin (150 pM/kg/h) was also studied in 6 patients with distal gastrectomy. Serum CT levels did not vary after the ingestion of the meal or the infusion of caerulein. Bombesin infusion was followed by a dose-related increase on serum CT levels, but it had no effect on serum amylase and isoamylases. The CT concentrations peaked 30 min after starting the infusion and remained unchanged as long as bombesin was administered. It is suggested that the bombesin action on the pancreatic acinar cells may be direct and not mediated through cholecystokinin or gastrin release.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198870

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In humans, the action of ethanol on gastrin release is still unclear and that of alcoholic beverages greatly unknown. We studied the effect of a drink of various concentrations of pure ethanol and several commonly ingested alcoholic beverages on plasma levels of immunoreactive gastrin in 6 healthy human volunteers and compared the results to a protein-rich meal. A drink of distilled water (250 ml) and of pure ethanol (250 ml or 125 ml in the case of 40% v/v ethanol) in concentrations (4, 10, 20 and 40% v/v) normally present in beer, wine, liquor and whisky did not stimulate plasma gastrin levels above basal. Of the alcoholic beverages given only whisky (125 ml) did not stimulate gastrin release. Beer, red and white wine (250 ml each) caused a rapid increase in plasma gastrin concentrations with a peak at 15–20 min, basal levels being reached 60 min after starting the drink. The 60-min integrated plasma gastrin response to beer, red and white wine was about 50% of the gastrin response to the protein-rich (steak) meal (883 ± 297 pmol·min·l-1; mean ± SE). A drink of 250 ml of white wine together with the meal did not cause a significantly higher integrated gastrin response than the protein meal with 250 ml of distilled water. We conclude that commonly ingested alcoholic beverages such as beer, red and white wine, but not whisky, are potent stimulants of gastrin release in humans. The ethanol content of these beverages cannot be responsible for the increase in plasma gastrin levels, since oral ingestion of pure ethanol in equivalent concentrations and amounts did not elicit a rise in plasma gastrin levels. Some unknown ingredients present in beer and wine are most likely responsible for the gastrin release by both alcoholic beve

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198871

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In patients with cirrhosis of the liver elevated bilirubin concentrations in the plasma could be the result of decreased bilirubin excretion or an oveφroduction of bilirubin with insufficient excretion of the increased amounts of bilirubin. Under steady state conditions with constant serum bilirubin concentrations bilirubin synthesis equals biliary and urinary bilirubin excretion. In the present study in 10 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver and serum bilirubin concentrations of 7.0 ± 1.9 mg/dl the biliary excretion of bilirubin was studied by the intestinal perfusion method and compared with the excretion of bile lipids. Biliary excretion of bilirubin in the cirrhotics was 38.7 ± 8.8 μmol/h, the 10 healthy controls excreted 17.9 ± 0.9 μmol/h bilirubin. Only minor amounts of bilirubin were excreted in urine. In 4 of the 11 cirrhotics 51Cr-red blood cell half-lives were studied revealing ongoing hemolysis. Bilirubin production calculated from red cell life span was identical to biliary excretion of bilirubin with an error less than 5 %. The data indicate that in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver serum concentrations of bilirubin may be elevated due to oveφroduction of bilirubin and a concomitant decrease of the biliary transport capacity of bil

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198872

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The influences of secretagogues and of elevated serum calcium concentrations on the calcium secretion from the cat pancreas have been studied in vivo. During a high and constant fluid secretion rate evoked by a background infusion of secretin, additional infusions of both cholecystokinin-pancreozymin and urecholine led to a dose-dependent increase in calcium secretion in pancreatic juice parallel to the rise of protein. The amount of calcium in pancreatic juice associated to 1 mg protein (18.3 nmol/mg protein) calculated from regression analysis was independent of dose or kind of stimulus used. The protein-independent pancreatic juice calcium fraction was 0.184 mM in normocalcemia. During an episode of hypercalcemia produced by an intravenous calcium infusion, the protein-independent calcium fraction was increased and correlated linearly to the serum calcium concentration. We conclude that pancreatic juice calcium consists of two major fractions, one being associated with the enzyme protein and stimulated by secretagogues, and the other being protein independent and directly dependent on the extracellular calcium concentration.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198873

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of HLA antigens with chronic duodenal and gastric ulcer. 104 patients with chronic peptic ulcer, 52 with duodenal ulcer, and 52 with gastric ulcer were studied, and HLA antigens of the A, B and DR series were sought using the microlymphocytotoxicity test. In duodenal-ulcer patients, no significant differences were observed. In the gastric-ulcer group, Bw49 was increased in both sexes, with an adjusted odds ratio of 10.2. However, when corrected for the number of comparisons made, this difference failed to reach statistical significance. It is concluded that if HLA antigens make any contribution to the aetiology of ulcer disease, this contribution is small and the proportion of cases of gastric ulcer that can be explained by the presence of HLA antigen Bw49 is less than 10%.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198874

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198875

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger