摘要:

In this study we investigated the effects of altered intracellular glucocorticoid receptor (GR) concentrations on glucocorticoid-regulated gene expression in the rat pancreatic acinar cell line AR42J. Incubation of AR42J cells with dexa-methasone results in a time-dependent transcriptional stimulation of amylase gene expression (about 5-fold) and a transcriptional inhibition of bombesin receptor (BR) gene expression. Decreasing the intracellular GR concentration to 50% by preincubation with RU 38486 results in a significant attenuation of dexamethasone-regulated amylase and BR gene expression. In contrast, increasing the intracellular GR concentration 2-fold by preincubation with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor IBMX significantly enhances the glucocorticoid inhibition of BR gene expression whereas amylase mRNA concentrations remain unaltered. These data demonstrate that intracellular GR concentrations determine the sensitivity of glucocorticoid-regulated gene expression in rat pancreatic AR42J cells.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201329

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of the present study was to compare gallbladder emptying, gastric emptying and release of cholecystokinin (CCK), gastrin and secretin after intragastric administration offish oil and trioleate. After intravenous injection of 99mTc-HIDA, 30 ml of a lipid labelled with 111In was administered through a gastric tube. Using dual scintigraphy with two markers, gallbladder and gastric emptying were measured simultaneously for 120 min. Plasma concentrations of gastrin, secretin and CCK, were determined throughout the period. The emptying of the gallbladder was reduced by 27% and the release of CCK by 85% after fish oil as compared with trioleate. Gastric emptying as well as the release of gastrin and secretin were similar after the two types of fat. The results suggest that the reduced gallbladder emptying after fish oil may be due to a smaller release of CCK.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201330

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

α1-Antitrypsin deficiency predisposes to pulmonary emphysema, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Anecdotal evidence and a large autopsy study suggest that severe lung and liver disease rarely coexist in the same subject, but this has not been studied in patients. Therefore we investigated 27 patients with severe α1-deficiency (Pi ZZ) and pulmonary emphysema for signs of liver disease and impaired hepatic function. A subgroup of 7 patients underwent quantitative liver function tests. On physical examination or ultrasonography, cirrhosis or tumor was not suspected in any patient. Conventional liver function tests were completely normal in 17 patients. Elevated serum activities of n-glutamyltranspeptidase and/or aminotransferases were seen in 10 patients. In some, the elevation was only marginal and in none more than twice normal. The serum bilirubin concentration and activity of alkaline phosphatase were increased in 1 patient. Serum protein, albumin, fibrinogen, anti-thrombin III, α1-fetoprotein concentrations, serum activities of cholinesterase and glutamate dehydrogenase, activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time were normal in all patients. The indocyanine green half-life was abnormal only in 1 of 6 patients, suggesting that hepatic blood flow was not impaired in the study group. However, the lidocaine half-life and galactose elimination capacity, parameters of hepatic metabolization, were impaired in 4 and 6 of 7 patients, respectively. We conclude that liver disease or impaired liver function is not a clinically relevant problem in most patients with pulmonary emphysema due to αi-antitrypsin deficiency. But results of quantitative liver function tests, although performed in only a small group of patients, suggest that hepatic metabolization might be impaired even in those patients who present with pulmonary dise

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201331

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The urinary excretion rates of nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2) were monitored in 14 patients with active ulcerative colitis during treatment using hydrocorti-sone and sulfasalazine. During the active phase of the disease, the NO3 excretion was significantly higher in the patients than in healthy controls (n – 6, p < 0.05), although it varied considerably among the patients. During the healing phase, the NO3 excretion decreased concurrently with improvement of symptoms and colorectal ulceration, but the NO2 excretion increased. During the inactive phase of the disease, the NO3 and NO2 excretions were significantly lower than during the active phase, and the NO2/NO3 ratio resembled that in the healthy controls. In contrast, a patient who failed to respond to treatment showed continuously high NO3 and NO2 excretion rates. These results indicate that urinary NO3 and NO2 excretions vary with the disease state in ulcerative coliti

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201332

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim was to assess the luminal cross-sectional area (CSA) and the passive elastic properties of the oesophageal body under luminal pressure loading in anaesthetized rabbits. Stepwise inflation of a luminal balloon, in which the CSA and pressure were measured by means of impedance planimetry and perfused low-compliance manometry, provided the distension stimulus. The parameters of elasticity were computed from steady state values of these measurements. The steady state pressure-CSA and pressure-radius relations were nonlinear. At the lowest and highest luminal pressure load of 1 and 10 kPa, the steady state CSAs were 39 ± 3 and 91 ± 4 mm2, respectively. The circumferential tension-strain distribution was nonlinear and showed an exponential behaviour that fitted well to the function tension = a·eb·stram. Differentiation of the function yielded the wall stiffness which also showed an exponential behavi

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201333

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic dyspepsia is controversial. To determine the effect of H. pylori infection on dyspeptic symptoms, we compared the prevalence of H. pylori infection in immigrants from developing countries and people born in industrialized countries. Upper abdominal symptoms were assessed by a questionnaire and H. pylori infection was determined with a 13C-urea breath test and serology. H. pylori infection was found in 63% of subjects from developing countries and 11% of subjects from industrialized countries. There was no difference in the prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms between the 2 groups. The lack of difference in chronic dyspeptic symptoms between the groups, despite a major difference in the H. pylori prevalence, suggests that H. pylori infection is not a major contributor to chronic dyspepsia.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201334

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The potentially damaging gastric and duodenal effects of dipyrone, a nonnarcotic analgesic agent, were evaluated in three phases in comparison to placebo and paracetamol. Three groups of 12 healthy adult volunteers were treated in a double-blind study, according to a cross-over, randomization sequence, using the double-dummy technique, for two 15-day periods, with dipyrone 3 g/day and placebo (group I), dipyrone 1.5 g/day and placebo (group II), and dipyrone 1.5 g/day and paracetamol 1.5 g/day (group III). An esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed at the beginning and end of each treatment period. In the first treatment group, grade-3 and 4 mucosal lesions were found after dipyrone administration (3 g/day) in 3 of 12 (25%) subjects (multiple antral erosions, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, 1 case each), whereas grade-2 mucosal lesions (antral erosions) were detected in 1 of 12 cases (8%) after the corresponding placebo treatment. The difference between the two treatments, however, was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Only in the gastric ulcer case were subjective symptoms reported (feeling of hunger). At the 1.5-g/day dose (groups II and III), dipyrone produced no gastroduodenal lesions, the endoscopic results showing no appreciable difference between dipyrone and either placebo (p = 0.54) or paracetamol (p = 0.99). No subjective symptoms were reported in any of these subjects. Dipyrone, administered for 2 weeks, has effects on the gastric and duodenal mucosa comparable to those of paracetamol and placebo, though noticeable damage is detectable at a dosage of 3 g/day.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201336

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201337

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Atrophic gastritis increases the risk of developing gastro-intestinal tumours. An impaired barrier function of the gastric mucosa could contribute to this risk. The absorption of polyethylene glycols (molecular weights 414-766), expressed as recovery in 6-hour urine, was studied both after oral and duodenal loads in patients with atrophic gastritis (n = 18) and compared with controls without gastritis (n = 9). The patients had a higher absorption after oral than after duodenal load for molecular weights 502-546. The differences in absorption after oral and duodenal loads were correlated with the severity of the atrophy in the antrum. No differences were found in the controls. Absorption after the duodenal load did not differ between the study groups. The increased gastric absoφtion of polyethylene glycols in patients with atrophic gastritis may be caused by a permeability disturbance of the gastric mucosa

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201338

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

RGM-1 is an epithelial cell line established from gastric mucosa of adult Wis-tar rats. In this study, we characterized this newly established cell line by Northern blot analysis. We also investigated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis and hexosamine production in RGM-1 by PGE2. Northern blot analysis did not detect any transcript of proton pump, gastrin receptor, histi-dine decarboxylase, somatostatin and pepsinogen 1, indicating the absence of characteristics of parietal, ECL, D and chief cells in RGM-1 cells. However, this periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive cell line expressed prostaglandin EP4 receptor mRNA but not EPj and EP3 receptor mRNAs. [3H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA of the cells was not increased by PGE2. In contrast, PGE2 increased hexosamine content in RGM-1 cells. These results suggest that RGM-1 may be a useful model of gastric mucosal cells and that PGE2 plays a role on mucin synthesis in RGM-1 cells possibly via EP4 receptors.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000201339

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger