ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000189218

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1901

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To test the hypothesis that efflux of amino acids into the small intestinal lumen can occur during absorption, amino acid solutions at various concentrations have been instilled into the intestine of the rat and left there for periods of one hour. These experiments indicate that an efficient homeostatic mechanism for free amino acids is present in the small intestine of the rat.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000197259

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000189219

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1901

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000189220

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1901

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

30-cm segments of jejunum have been perfused with amino acid solutions in human subjects. The changes in amino acid composition of the perfused fluid have been studied in normal subjects, and in patients with the coeliac syndrome and chronic pancreatitis. The amino acid composition of fasting succus entericus in various conditions, and its relationship to plasma amino acids have been investigated. Evidence is presented to show the presence of an efficient mechanism for amino acid homeostasis in the small bowel of man. Such homeostasis is brought about mainly by the release of endogenous amino acids from the pancreas and small intestinal mucosa.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000197260

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000189221

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1901

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000189222

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1901

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 21 unoperated male duodenal ulcer patients, i.v. 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2 DG) produced significantly higher gastric acid responses than i.v. insulin. The acid response appeared earlier with 2 DG than insulin. The dose of 2 DG (50 mg/kg) was probably submaximal and that of insulin (0.2 U/kg) is regarded as maximal for acid secretion in duodenal ulcer patients. The side effects with 2 DG and insulin were similar, appeared in about equal frequency and required no treatment. In all patients, 2 DG increased the blood glucose level. The potential value of 2 DG is for testing the completeness of vagotomy, but the experience with 2 DG in man is still too limited to warrant its use in routine clinical secretory tests.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000197261

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The action of some antibiotics on the terminal bile duct tone and motility was studied in vitro and in situ in various animal species (guinea pig, calf, cat, dog, monkey). Rifamycin SV, spiramycin, erythromycin, and some tetracyclines induce a constriction, while ampicillin, isoxazolyl penicillins, gentamicin, aminosidin, and chloramphenicol induce a relaxation of the choledochus. In vivo, the responses are independent of both duodenal activity and systemic effects related to the antibiotic flowing into the duodenum and absorbed by it. The antibiotics act directly on the biliary smooth muscle, probably by means of a specific interaction with the biophase. Factors influencing the action of antibiotics on the bile duct are: (a) structure-activity relationship, (b) binding into the bile, (c) pH of the bile, (d) time of contact, (e) time lag, (f) combination with other antibiotics. Some predictions in clinical pharmacology and therapeutics are discussed.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000197262

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1972

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000189223

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1901

数据来源: Karger