摘要:

In order to evaluate the mechanism behind the augmented postprandial gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) release seen in patients with achlorhydria and hypergastrinemia, 8 healthy subjects were given a liquid test meal on three different days. On 1 day the meal was preceded by ranitidine (H2 receptor antagonist) to block the gastric H+ secretion. On another day the meal was also preceded by ranitidine, but on this occasion gastrin was infused intravenously during the first hour in order to induce hypergastrinemia. On a third day the meal was given alone to serve as a control. Finally, 6 healthy fasting subjects were given a 1-hour intravenous infusion of gastrin after pretreatment with ranitidine. Plasma GIP responses after the meal on the days with ranitidine alone or together with the gastrin infusion did not differ significantly from that found on the control day. When gastrin was infused in the fasting state, no effect was seen on the basal GIP levels. Thus, neither exogenous gastrin nor achlorhydria seems to affect the plasma GIP release, and it appears more likely that a rapid gastric emptying rate can account for the augmented GIP response found in achlorhydric patients.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198815

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193338

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1919

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The acid and pepsin responses to increasing doses of i.v. pentagastrin (0.01, 0.02, 0.1, 2.0 and 8.0 μg·kg-1•h-1) were determined by gastric aspiration in 15 male duodenal ulcer (DU) patients and 11 male age-matched healthy controls (C). The lowest dose was infused for 60 min, the doses were then increased every 45 min. The stomach was continuously perfused with saline. Phenol red as marker showed an average loss of 8.4 ± 1.4% in the DU and 10.0 ± 1.4% in the C. Basal acid secretion and the dose-response (DR) curve for acid output (corrected for basal) did not differ for DU and C. The dose (D50) producing half the observed maximal acid response (MR), the calculated MR and calculated D50 was the same in DU and C. Similar results were obtained for pepsin secretion. The ratio of pepsin to acid secretion did not differ for DU and C. It is concluded that the sensitivity of the oxyntic as well as the peptic cells do not differ in DU and C with similar secretory cap

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198816

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193339

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1919

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The interactions of adrenergic and cholinergic influences on the gastric D cell were studied using an isolated perfused rat stomach in vitro. The sevenfold increase in the release of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in response to isoproterenol (4 · 10-8M) was dose-dependently inhibited by acetylcholine (10-5 to 10-8M) whereas gastrin levels increased in a dose-dependent manner. Both inhibition of stimulated SLI and augmentation of gastrin release were completely abolished by atropine (10-6M). Isoproterenol (8 · 10-9M)-induced stimulation of SLI secretion was not altered by atropine. Antral exclusion completely eliminated gastrin secretion but basal and beta-adrenergic stimulated SLI release was not influenced. It is concluded that (1) cholinergic agonism reverses the stimulatory action of adrenergic agonists on the D cell, and (2) SLI from the rat stomach in vitro originates almost exclusively in the fundic regio

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198817

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was performed to clarify how disturbance of lipid metabolism occurred in patients with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) as compared with that of control individuals and patients with malabsorption syndrome. Analysis of plasma lipids at fasting state showed a decreased proportion of essential fatty acid, especially linoleic and arachidonic acid fractions in patients with malabsorption syndrome as well as in patients with PLE group A, which was due to proven disorders of intestinal lymphatics. An increase in percentage of oleic acid fraction and a percentage increase in plasma triglyceride levels after an oral administration of olive oil was depressed in patients with malabsorption syndrome and PLE group A when compared with that of normal subjects. Patients with PLE group B, which was not due to major lymphatic disorders, were similar to normal in these parameters. These abnormalities were found to be marked when remarkable abnormalities of lymphatics were accompanied.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198818

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193340

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1919

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a double-blind clinical trial, 24 patients with advanced chronic liver disease received 1.2 g of nicotinohydroxamic acid daily and 23 patients received 1.5 g of neomycin. Patients receiving nicotinohydroxamic acid showed significant improvement in blood ammonia levels as compared to patients receiving neomycin. Nicotinohydroxamic acid induced some side effects, such as mild diarrhea, constipation and anorexia, but less than in cases of neomycin.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198819

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Mean arterial pressure, phenylalanine, tyrosine, norepinephrine and plasma renin activity (PRA) were determined in the plasma of 6 healthy controls and 8 patients with liver cirrhosis receiving a controlled sodium intake (40 mEq/day), after 1 h of bed rest and 10 min after being tilted up at 90 °. After resting, patients showed lower arterial pressure (p < 0.025) and higher plasma levels of phenylalanine (p < 0.005), tyrosine (p < 0.05), norepinephrine (n.s.) and PRA (n.s.) than controls. In spite of a prolonged and marked stimulation of the adrenergic system induced by tilting, arterial pressure of cirrhotics, after an initial increase, decreased significantly. A significant PRA increase was observed in both groups but in patients it was greater and lasted longer, up to 30 min, when PRA and arterial pressure were inversely and significantly correlated. The adrenergic system of cirrhosis then appeared unable to maintain adequate levels of arterial pressure, even though hyperstimulated. The renin-angiotensin system played an important compensatory role in this contest

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198820

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193341

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1919

数据来源: Karger