摘要:

A double-blind controlled trial was conducted in which the efficacy of cimetidine in a dosage of 20 mg/kg/24 h in preventing upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage was tested in 34 critically ill patients on assisted ventilation. In 28 patients, 14 on cimetidine and 14 on placebo, gastric pH measurements and blood loss measured by 51Cr-labelled erythrocytes could be analyzed. Although cimetidine produced a markedly lower number of days with a gastric pH below 3.5 (17.4% vs. 72.2%) 5 patients on cimetidine bled as against 1 on placebo. These results do not suggest that cimetidine was effective in preventing stress-induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199170

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of the study was to define the effects of sex, age, smoking, alcohol, analgesic ingestion, and treatment method whereby healing was initially induced on the prognosis of patients with a chronic duodenal ulcer (DU). 122 patients were assessed 1 year after the endoscopic demonstration of a DU. Two outcome variables for this 1-year period were studied – freedom from symptoms, and proven recurrence of the DU. Additionally, the outcome groups were compared to a community control population as regards the exposure variables. The results of the study indicate that each increase in smoking by 10 cigarettes daily increased the risk of DU recurrence within 1 year by 40%. Comparisons between patients and community controls revealed that smoking was significantly associated with DU and this association was present whether the ulcer was in exacerbation or in remissio

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199171

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The sulfation of gastrin in serum, antrum and duodenum was studied in 22 normo- and 20 hypergastrinemic patients. The ratio between gastrin-17 and gastrin-3 4 was measured in antrum and duodenum. The degree of sulfation was reduced in the antrum of hypergastrinemic patients (35.3 ± 1.3%, mean ± SEM) compared with 48.0 ± 2.1% in normo-gastrinemic patients (p < 0.001). The degree of sulfation in serum and duodenum was similar to that of the antral gastrins in all patients. The percentage of gastrin-34 in antrum was increased (7.3 ± 0.7%) in hypergastrinemic compared with 4.9 ± 0.3% in normogastrinemic patients (p < 0.01). In the duodenum the percentage of gastrin-34 was similar in normo- and hypergastrinemia. When classified according to clinical diagnosis, sulfation of antral gastrin was normal in duodenal ulcer (47.6 ± 4.5%) but decreased in gastric ulcer (36.7 ± 1.6%, p < 0.01) and pernicious anemia (31.3 ± 1.9%, p < O.OOl) compared with 48.2 ± 2.2% in control patients. In pernicious anemia a larger proportion of antral gastrins occurred as gastrin-34 (8.2 ± 0.9%) compared with 4.8 ± 0.4% in control patients (p < 0.01). Our study suggests that both sulfation and proteolytic processing of the gastrin precursor is diminished in hypergastrinemia of ant

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199172

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of perfusing solutions of different composition into the distal ileum of the rat, on glucose or galactose absorption from the jejunum has been determined in vivo. The rate of glucose absorption via the active, phlorhizin-sensitive pathway was increased significantly when either glucose or maltose were present in the lower ileum. In contrast, the presence of galactose, lactose and fructose produced only minimal effects on active glucose absorption. The phlorhizin-insensitive component of glucose absorption was unaffected by the presence of sugar in the distal region. Perfusion of glucose into the ileum enhanced the active uptake of the poorly metabolized hexose, galactose, from the jejunum. The administration of cycloheximide abolished the increase in active glucose absorption induced by distal maltose perfusion. The response to distal glucose (a) required the sugar to be perfused for a minimum of 3 h before increases in absorption became significant, and (b) was not dependent on distal glucose absorption by the phlorhizin-sensitive pathway. The possible mechanisms involved in this adaptive response are discussed. The enhancement of jejunal absorption may be important in man in conditions where glucose is present at abnormally high levels in the distal ileum.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199173

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of antigastrin (SC-15396) on amylase release and 2-deoxyglucose uptake were studied in dispersed acini from mouse pancreas. Antigastrin at concentrations between 0.5 and 2 mM inhibited cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated amylase release and 2-deoxyglucose uptake in a dose-dependent fashion. Antigastrin at concentrations between 0.5 and 2 mM inhibited carbachol-stimulated amylase release and 2-deoxyglucose uptake as well. In addition, the drug (2 mM) inhibited bombesin-stimulated amylase release and 2-deoxyglucose uptake. In contrast, the stimulation of amylase release by Ca2+ ionophore A23187 was not inhibited by antigastrin. The results, therefore, suggest that antigastrin nonselectively inhibits the actions of these secretagogues probably at their receptor sites.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199174

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) were measured and phenotypes were determined in 47 patients with cancer of the pancreas and in 160 hospital controls. The mean value of α1-AT ( ± SEM) in cases with cancer of the pancreas was 486 ( ± 18) mg/100 ml, and it was significantly higher than the corresponding mean value in controls, which was 434 ( ± 13) mg/100 ml (p ∼ 0.02). The frequency distribution of the cases of pancreatic cancer by α1-AT phenotype was: M1M1 49%, M1M3 21 % and other phenotypes 30%, whereas the corresponding frequency distribution among controls was: M1M1 53%, M1M3 21% and other phenotypes 26%; the two distributions are clearly compatible (p

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199175

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to elucidate the role of the vagus nerve in the release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), mongrel dogs were given a 4-min intraduodenal infusion of 10 g glucose or 5 g soybean oil before and again 1 month after truncal vagotomy (TV). The basal GIP concentrations were significantly elevated after TV. The plasma GIP levels following glucose infusion in the vagotomized dogs were significantly higher than those in the untreated dogs, whereas the GIP levels following fat infusion were not affected by TV. These results suggest that TV influences glucose-induced GIP release but not fat-induced GIP release, indicating that different mechanisms of the vagus nerve may be involved in glucose- and fat-induced GIP secretions.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199176

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of ethanol on the proteolytic activity of pepsin towards gastric mucus glycoprotein was investigated. Undegraded mucus glycoprotein isolated from pig stomach was incubated with pepsin in the presence and absence of ethanol, and the released α-amino residues were quantitated by the trinitrophenylation procedure. In the absence of ethanol the rate of proteolysis was proportional to mucus glycoprotein concentration up to 450 μg and remained constant with time of incubation for at least 30 min. The apparent Km value of pepsin for pig gastric mucus glycoprotein was 8.7 × 10-7M. The proteolytic activity of pepsin towards mucus glycoprotein was inhibited by ethanol. The rate of inhibition was proportional to the ethanol concentration up to 0.8 M and was of competitive type. The apparent K1 value calculated from the double-reciprocal plots for ethanol was 2.2 × 10-6M. The inhibitory effect of ethanol on the proteolysis of gastric mucus glycoprotein may be of physiological significa

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199177

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present case report demonstrates the history of a 50-year-old man with a mixed endocrine-neurogenous tumor of the ampulla of Vater. The tumor was localized endo-scopically after an attack of melena. There were no signs of endocrinopathy. A local resection with suturing of the pancreatic duct was performed. Morphologically, there were two different tissue types (neurogenous and carcinoid-like) with numerous cells and nerve fibers reacting immunohistochemically with somatostatin and neurotensin antisera: some immunoreactivity to PP-antibodies was observed. Still, after 20 months, the patient seems to have been cured by local resection.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199178

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000199179

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger