摘要:

Dietary fiber inhibits pancreatic enzyme activity – i.e., trypsin, lipase and amylase – in buffer solutions and in human duodenal juice in vitro. It is well established that oral administration of trypsin inhibitor stimulates the secretion and growth of the rat pancreas. In the present study, trypsin inhibitor (Trasylol®) as well as dietary fiber such as pectin of low (37%) methoxylic esterification and wheat bran were found to stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion in acute experiments in conscious rats with bile-pancreatic fistulae. Feeding for 10 days with wheat bran resulted in increased pancreatic weight and in increased protein and trypsinogen content. Administration of pectin of high (73%) methylic esterification caused increased pancreatic protein content and that of low methylic esterification increased pancreatic trypsinogen activity/milligram tissue. The results suggest that pectin and wheat bran may interfere with the feedback regulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion exerted by intraluminal trypsin, and, like trypsin inhibitor, have a secretagogue and trophic effect on the panc

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198930

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The world-wide occurrence of agglutinating antibodies to four coccoid anaerobes belonging to Eubacterium, Peptostreptococcus and Coprococcus spp. was investigated in 937 coded sera from patients suffering from Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, various other diseases and from healthy controls. Positive results were found in 59% of patients with Crohn’s disease, 29% of patients with ulcerative colitis, and 8% of both diseased and healthy control subjects. Patients with Crohn’s disease of the colon had more positive tests (67%) than patients with disease confined to the small bowel (46 %). The results show that agglutinating antibodies to the coccoid anaerobes occur more frequently in patients with Crohn’s disease than in other subjects in widely varying geographic

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198931

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The absorption of lactulose and mannitol in 20 patients with Crohn’s disease limited to the ileum or colon was studied, and lactulose/mannitol excretion ratios were calculated. The results were compared to those from 16 normal controls and 6 patients with ulcerative colitis. The 13 patients with ileal Crohn’s disease had significantly higher lactulose/mannitol excretion ratios than the controls (p < 0.01) or ulcerative colitics (p < 0.01). Similarly, the 7 patients with Crohn’s disease limited to the colon had significantly higher excretion ratios than the controls (p < 0.01) or ulcerative colitics (p < 0.01). The results provide support for the concept that Crohn’s disease may be more extensive than is apparent macrosco

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198932

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Human α1-microglobulin (α1m) levels were studied in the sera and urine of patients with various liver diseases. In patients with acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis it was almost within the normal range. A significant decrease of serum α1-m, however, was demonstrated in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis (p < 0.05) as well as in those with decompensated liver cirrhosis (p < 0.001). The most striking decrease was noted in patients with fulminant hepatitis (p < 0.001). Its concentration in hepatoma was generally within the normal range, but there was 1 hepatoma case with the high concentration of α1-m. Serum α1-m levels correlated significantly with serum albumin, plasma fibrinogen and cholinesterase activity. As compared with the level in normal individuals, the patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis had significantly low urinary α1-m (p < 0.005), reflecting the findings for sera. These results indicated that the liver plays an important role in α1m synthesis, and its quantitation may be used for evaluating severe liver

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198933

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A statistical study was carried out to determine if fasting serum bile acid levels are clinically useful in differentiating children with chronic persistent hepatitis from children with chronic aggressive hepatitis. Serum bile acid levels were determined in 27 patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis, 41 with chronic persistent hepatitis and 55 control children. Several other biochemical tests of liver function were also determined in these children. There were significant differences in the mean fasting serum bile acid levels between chronic hepatitis patients and control children (p < 0.001). These levels were significantly higher for the chronic aggressive group than the chronic persistent hepatitis group (p < 0.001). Other biochemical ‘hepatic function’ tests did not show statistically different values between these two groups. Using stepwise discriminant analysis for the biochemical ‘liver function’ tests studied, only serum bile acid levels are able to distinguish statistically between chronic aggressive hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis children. These data suggest that fasting serum bile acid levels may have clinical utility in identifying children with asymptomatic chronic hepatitis and differentiating between chronic aggressive hepatitis and chronic persistent hepatitis c

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198934

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of endoscopic sphincterotomy on bile acid pool size and lipid composition was studied in 3 patients with an intact gallbladder and in 7 patients who had previous cholecystectomy. Measurements were made at two time intervals after endoscopic sphincterotomy, early (3–9 days) and late (6–9 months). Patients with an intact gallbladder showed a marked reduction in their total bile acid pool during follow-up examinations (95.3 ± SD 14.0 vs. 18.6 ± 8.1 μmol/kg), whereas in the cholecystectomized patients the pool size showed no significant change (29.4 ± 13.4 vs. 26.6 ± 11.4 μmol/kg). The reduction in bile acid pool size caused by sphincterotomy in patients with an intact gallbladder did not increase the degree of cholesterol saturation in hep

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198935

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193405

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1921

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Dogs and rats were studied to evaluate the excretion of two new acyl-ureidopenicillins, azlocillin and mezlocillin, in the pancreatic fluid. After intravenous administration of 55 mg · kg-1 of either drug, an extremely low concentration ( < 3.0 μg · ml-1 10 μg · ml-1) during the first 15 min following their injection. In anesthetized dogs and rats in which acute pancreatitis was induced by injection of sodium taurocholate into the main pancreatic duct, the tissue concentration of mezlocillin (55 mg · kg-1 i.v.) was significantly higher than in the pancreatic tissue of control animals. In both instances, bactericidal concentrations of mezlocillin were measured in the pancreatic tissue. During the first 30 min following its injection, the concentration of mezlocillin was about five times higher in inflammed pancreatic tissue than in the normal pancreas (dogs: 44 ± 14 vs. 5 ± 3 μg · g-1 tissue; rats: 67 ± 10 vs. 13 ± 2 μg · g-1). These data indicate that (1) azlocillin and mezlocillin are excreted in bactericidal concentrations by the normal pancreas only in rats but not in dogs, and (2) in both species, bactericidal concentrations of mezlocillin can be observed in the normal pancreatic tissue and in acute pancreatitis; its concentration being significantly higher in acute pancreatitis tha

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198936

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193406

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1921

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intrahepatocytic inclusions of alpha-1 -antitrypsin as markers of Z allele were searched by histochemical and immunohistochemical (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) methods in needle biopsy specimens from 80 consecutive cases of cryptogenic cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis – HBsAg-negative – in adults. All positive cases and 26% of the negative ones were phenotyped in order to determine the frequency of heterozygous (MZ) deficiency. At variance with previous studies, no prevalence of heterozygous (MZ) deficiency could be demonstrated. This result indicates that further investigations are mandatory to establish if heterozygous (MZ) subjects are predisposed to chronic liver dise

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198937

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger