摘要:

ABSTRACT—While cholestatic jaundice usually develops in the advanced stages of primary biliary cirrhosis, our series of this disease disclosed that 8 of the 88 cases presented cholestatic jaundice in the early histologic stages (stages 1 and 2). These patients frequently presented esophageal varices (57%) and showed a low incidence of positive mitochondrial antibodies compared to the non‐jaundiced cases in the same histologic stages. Histologic changes of livers from the jaundiced patients failed to show fundamental differences from those of the non‐jaundiced patients, except for the presence of bile plugs and extensive bile duct loss in the former. Deposition of orcein‐positive granules and increased hepatic copper content, suggesting prolonged cholestasis, were rather advanced, and inflammatory changes in the portal tracts and piecemeal necrosis were rather mild in the jaundiced patients. These data suggest that cholestatic jaundice occurs in a few patients in the early histologic stages on a biopsy with extensive bile duct loss and features of prolonged cholestasis; it is not clear whether such patients are a small separate cluster in PBC,

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The thickness of the terminal hepatic vein wall (TTHV) and the content of perisinusoidal collagen in 989 zone 3 areas in Picro‐Sirius‐stained sections from 117 liver biopsies with normal morphology or slight non‐specific changes were analyzed. TTHV varied from 0.4 μm to 21.3 μm (median 3.8 μm). A positive correlation was found between TTHV and the diameter of the terminal hepatic vein. The average TTHV of the individual biopsies was not correlated to age, sex or liver morphology. The average zone 3 collagen content did not exceed that of zones 2 and 1, with the exception of biopsies with slight steatosis, where a minimal increase in zone 3 collagen was found. The normal variability of TTHV and the correlation to the diameter of THV must be considered in the evaluation of perivenular fibrosis. Even a slight increase in perisinusoidal collagen content may be suggestive of a pathological

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Intrahepatic cholestasis in paraquat poisoning in man has been thought to be secondary to extensive bile duct injuries, though its exact mechanism remains unsettled. We have examined liver biopsy specimens from two cases of paraquat poisoning. Case 1 (fatal) presented severe intrahepatic jaundice, and liver biopsy showed centrilobular cholestasis with extensive bile duct loss. Ultrastructurally, dilatation of bile canaliculi with decrease of microvilli and thickening of pericanalicular ectoplasm was found in the hepatocytes. Case 2 (alive) showed mild liver dysfunction without jaundice. While liver biopsy showed nonspecific reactive changes with intact bile ducts and ductules, electron microscopy disclosed dilatation of bile canaliculi with decrease of microvilli and thickening of pericanalicular ectoplasm in the hepatocytes, suggesting that damage to the bile secretory apparatus in the hepatocytes develops irrespective of extensive bile duct loss. These findings suggest that bile secretory apparatus in the hepatocytes as well as biliary epithelial cells could be a target of paraquat or its metabolite

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Nutrition is a factor which may affect the liver energy charge. Experiments were performed to determine the effect of starvation and of ATP precursors, adenine and ribose on liver energy stores. The31P NMR spectra of well‐fed and starved mice livers were studied in a perfusion system using Krebs‐Henseleit buffer (KHB). The ATP precursors, adenine (20 mmol/1) and ribose (80 mmol/1), were then added to determine their effect. Their effect on the ATP dynamics during ischemia and reperfusion were then evaluated. The effects of adenine alone and ribose alone were then determined. The31P spectra of well‐fed mice demonstrated high ATP content relative to Pi, phosphoesters and phospholipids. Animals starved for 24 h showed very low ATP, high Piand little or no detectable phospholipids. In starved animals, ATP rose steadily to approximately 50% above the baseline level when precursors were added. Pidecreased to 30% of the baseline after 40 min. Little change was noted in well‐fed animals. The rate of ATP decay did not change with the onset of ischemia, whether the livers were perfused with KHB alone or KHB with precursors. Upon reperfusion, precursors improved the recovery of ATP (81%vs49% after 20 min ischemia, 44%vs34% after 30 min ischemia). Addition of adenine alone produced similar results, but addition of ribose alone did not significantly alter ATP recovery. In conclusion, supplying starved or post‐ischemic livers with adenine or ribose and adenine does improve

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Reactive oxygen species generated by xanthine oxidase during reperfusion of ischemic liver might in part be responsible for ischemic organ injury. Therefore, the effect of allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, on the oxidant stress associated with reperfusion and on hepatic function 24 h after ischemia was assessed in a model of partial hepatic ischemia in rats. The increase in circulating glutathione disulfide (GSSG) was used as an index of oxidant stress. Hepatic function was assessed using a breath test to quantitate the demethylation of aminopyrinein vivo.In control animals the plasma concentration of GSSG 1 h after onset of reperfusion increased from 0.9 μmol/1 in sham‐operated controls to 4.2, 5.5, and 8.0 μmol/1 following 45, 90 and 120 min of ischemia, respectively. The percent of the administered dose of (dimethylamine‐14C)‐aminopyrine appearing in breath as14CO2was not significantly different from sham‐operated controls (40.2%) 24 h after 45 min of ischemia (34.1%), but decreased progressively to 26.0% (p<0.05) and 20.6% (p<0.05) after 90 and 120 min of ischemia, respectively. Allopurinol, administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg 18 h and 1 h prior to ischemia, did not prevent the rise in plasma GSSG, did not alleviate the release of transaminases, and did not improve the demethylation of aminopyrine 24 h after ischemia, suggesting that reactive oxygen species generated by xan thine oxidase during reperfusion of ischemic liver do not contribute significantly to isch

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—A 52‐year‐old man, having been treated for 4 months with chlorpropamide for diabetes mellitus type II, developed severe cholestatic hepatitis following a short course of erythromycin ethylsuccinate. Despite prompt withdrawal of both drugs, the cholestatic picture worsened and was associated with morphological evidence of disappearing interlobular bile ducts. After a 2‐year course of profound cholestasis complicated by steatorrhea and striking hyperlipidemia, the patient died of ischemic cardiomyopathy. It is believed that this is the first published case of irreversible cholestasis with disappearance of ducts potentially related to a metabolic interaction between erythromycin ethylsuccinate and chlorpr

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01015.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—In patients with chronic liver disease, the reliability of various criteria generally used to diagnose impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes was evaluated. Twenty‐one patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 68 patients with chronic active hepatitis and 57 patients with liver cirrhosis were studied. All subjects underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g). Impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes were diagnosed according to the criteria established by: the National Diabetes Study Group; Fajans and Conn; the European Diabetes Study Group; Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft; Kobberling&Creutzfeld criteria 1 and 2; Wilkerson; and the University Group Diabetes Program. The results obtained are in partial agreement with other reported data, showing a high prevalence of both impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in chronic liver disease, with a positive correlation to the severity of hepatic involvement. However, our results show that the agreement among the criteria most frequently used for diagnosing impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes is still far from satisfact

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Fetal rat or neonatal human hepatocytes and a human hepatoma cell line were cultured in an arginine‐free medium, supplemented or not with L‐ornithine. This amino‐acid improved survival of hepatocytes and strongly enhanced their transferrin secretion. Moreover, this increase observed in transferrin production was well correlated with a higher corresponding mRNA level. Thus, it may be postulated that the mechanism involved in the increased transferrin secretion by L‐ornithine is of pretranslation

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Recently it has been suggested that oxygen intermediates play an important role in the pathogenesis of tissue damage. The effect of sera from patients with obstructive jaundice on the generation of oxygen intermediates by normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) was investigated. Sera from patients with obstructive jaundice increased superoxide anion (O2‐), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxol radical (OH) generation compared with sera from healthy individuals or patients with biliary tract stones and/or tumors of the biliary tract or pancreas (without obstructive jaundice). In particular, the hydroxyl radical, which is one of the most potent oxidants capable of causing tissue damage, was produced in large quantities. Sera from patients with obstructive jaundice have a strong capacity to induce production of oxygen intermediates from PMNs, and oxygen intermediates may play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic and other organ injury in obstructive jaund

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Ultrastructural changes have been studied in the copper‐loaded livers of rats in order to clarify the pathogenesis of damage induced by the metal and the subsequent recovery. Male rats fed a high copper diet (1500 ppm) for 16 weeks were killed at intervals. Their livers were removed and portions fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and 2% glutaraldehyde for transmission electron microscopy and analysed for copper by AA spectrophotometry. Increasing copper concentrations were associated with an increase in the numbers and diversity of lysosomes, swelling of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and canalicular microvilli and fragmentation of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Nuclear degeneration occurred early, culminating in lysis. Subsequent changes included a decline in liver copper, extrusion of apoptotic bodies and the recovery of remaining hepatocytes with retention of inert remants (Mallory body‐like structures). Excess copper is associated primarily with irreversible nuclear damage and does not appear to cause disruption of lysosomes. The mechanism of cellular adaptation remains un

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1988.tb01019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY