摘要:

ABSTRACT—We have studied the prevalence of antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) and its relation to the time of onset of the symptoms in 57 patients with acute non‐A, non‐B hepatitis: 16 post‐transfusion, 25 drug addicts and 16 sporadic cases. In the 1st month after the onset of illness, anti‐HCV was positive in 25% of patients with post‐transfusion hepatitis, 44% of drug addicts and 25% of sporadic hepatitis. In the 3rd month this antibody was detected in 75%, 88% and 31.2%, and in the 6th month in 87.5%, 96% and 31.2%, respectively. The prevalence in the 3rd and 6th months was significantly higher in post‐transfusion patients and drug addicts than in sporadic cases. In the 6th month the prevalence of anti‐HCV in patients who progressed towards chronicity was also significantly higher than in those with acute resolving non‐A, non‐B hepatitis (94% vs 50%, p<0.001). These results show that HCV is probably the main agent in acute post‐tranfusion non‐A, non‐B hepatitis and in those occurring in drug addicts, and that in a high proportion of these patients the anti‐HCV can be detected in the 3rd month after the beginning of the symptoms. On the other hand, the relation of hepatitis C virus with sporadic acute non‐A,

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00505.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—In Japan, acute encephalopathy with hepatic steatosis resembling Reye's syndrome has been reported to occur after treatment with the pantothenic acid antagonist, calcium hopantenate. We studied the causal relationship and the pathogenesis in dogs. The agent was administered to seven dogs at increasing doses over a period of 8 weeks. Anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea were common clinical findings. In four dogs, coma suddenly developed after the appearance of gastrointestinal signs. Three animals died during periods when they were not under direct observation. The effects of the agent appear to be related to dose. Laboratory findings representing significant changes at the time of coma included hypoglycemia, leukocytosis, hyperammonemia, hyperlactatemia, and elevated levels of serum transaminases. Microvesicular hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial abnormalities were consistent pathological findings. The hepatic mitochondria were enlarged and characterized by an increased number of cristae and the presence of crystalloid inclusions. In a second group of four dogs, pantothenic acid was given in addition to and in the same amount as calcium hopantenate at increasing doses over a period of 8 weeks. All four dogs survived the 8 weeks and only one developed mild anorexia. No significant biochemical changes were found and neither hepatic steatosis nor mitochondrial abnormalities were observed. The addition of pantothenic acid prevented the development of the disorder in the four animals. These results show that calcium hopantenate produces acute encephalopathy with hepatic steatosis in dogs, by inducing a deficiency of pantothenic acid. The hepatic mitochondrial changes of this reaction differ from those of Reye's syndrom

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00506.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—One hundred and twenty‐seven patients with histologically verified chronic non‐A, non‐B hepatitis were followed for up to 23 years (mean 6.3 years). Thirty‐nine were infected by blood transfusion, 58 were drug‐addicts and 30 had no obvious source of infection. Chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) was diagnosed in 84 (66%), while 43 patients (34%) had chronic active hepatitis (CAH) with or without cirrhosis. Patients with CPH were significantly younger (29.7 years vs 46.8 years; p<0.01), irrespective of the type of virus exposure. Antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti‐HCV) were detectable in 91 patients (72%) and 36 (28%) were anti‐HCV negative. Fifteen patients with acute onset, and negative for anti‐HCV at the start, became positive during follow‐up; 12 of them within 4.5 months. We found no differences among anti‐HCV positive and anti‐HCV negative patients in liver function tests, resolving rate, morphological progression in serial biopsies or mortality rate. Five previously anti‐HCV positive patients became negative during follow‐up and in two of them this was accompanied by decr

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00507.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Intralobular changes of the liver in experimental graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) across minor histocompatibility barriers were investigated for up to 14 months after bone marrow transplantation. Sinusoidal lymphocyte infiltration, and necrosis and degeneration of hepatocytes were evident by day 4 and reached a maximum level at 2 weeks after transplantation, then gradually decreased, but they persisted during the entire period of observation, indicating that more or less hepatocyte injury may persist continuously in hepatic GVHD. Piecemeal necrosis was transiently observed around 2 weeks after transplantation, in parallel with the peak of lymphocyte infiltration into the portal area. Similarly, central vein endothelialitis (attachment of lymphocytes to endothelial cells) was transiently observed with a peak activity at 2 weeks after transplantation. Mild centrilobular and portal fibroplasia were evident by 2 weeks after transplantation, but they hardly progressed and no cases developed liver cirrhosis. Frequently lymphocytes were found located beneath endothelial cells and attached to hepatocytes. Ultrastructural observation revealed that sinusoidal lymphocytes were occasionally in contact with endothelial cells by means of cytoplasmic pseudopods. Also lymphocytes were frequently in close contact with hepatocyte plasma membranes over short distances. Lymphocytes occasionally accompanied other inflammatory cells, such as eosinophilic leukocytes and mononuclear phagocytic cells. Hepatocytes in close contact with lymphocyte and other inflammatory cells showed a varying degree of degenerative changes, including condensation of cytoplasm and nucleus with irregular nuclear contours, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, and loss of microvilli. Although the distribution and the degree of morphologic abnormalities of hepatocytes were not so prominent as the bile duct lesions seen in the present mouse hepatic GVHD, hepatocyte injury was observed consistently for up to 14 months after transplantation, indicating that lymphocytes, together with concomitant non‐lymphocytic cells, may play an important role in the induction of hepatocyte injury. Hepatocyte injury may be an inherent part of pathologic changes of hepat

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00508.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Angiomyolipoma, a not uncommon tumor of the kidney, is rarely encountered in the liver. We report a case of angiomyolipoma of the liver in a 68‐year‐old woman, in which immunohistochemical study was perf

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00509.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The present study was aimed at determining whether the protection by taurine of lithocholate‐sulfate‐induced cholestasis is mediated by conjugation or by direct effect of the amino acid on bile formation. Injection of free and conjugated (glycine and taurine) sulfated lithocholate in guinea pigs significantly reduced the secretion rate of non‐sulfated bile acids in bile. There was no decrease in bile flow after the injection of taurine‐conjugated sulfated lithocholate, which was completely recovered in bile within 60 min. In contrast, injection of sulfated lithocholate and its glycine conjugate led to a marked decrease in bile flow, and neither one was significantly recovered in bile. In addition, both caused morphological changes in the liver, characterized by the accumulation of cytoplasmic vacuoles with lamellated myelin figures characteristic of phospholipidosis. Pretreatment with taurine (0.5% in drinking water for 3 days) prevented both the drop in bile flow and the histological changes in the liver, suggesting that conjugation with taurine removed the cholestatic potential of sulfated lithocholate. However, since taurine was effective not only in preventing cholestasis induced by the free form of sulfated lithocholate but also against its glycine conjugate, these results suggest that other mechanisms in addition to conjugate must be

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00510.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—A variety of immunological parameters has been serially examined in the blood of 12 patients with acute post‐transfusion hepatitis non‐A non‐B (PTHNANB). Several alterations of these tests were transiently detected when comparing with healthy, extensively transfused subjects as well as with normal volunteers: 1. Low proportions of CD8+ T lymphocytes were observed at the disease onset, and these returned to normal after 1 month; 2. A diminution of the proliferative response of blood lymphocytes to mitogens was detected during the same period of time; 3. By the third month of disease, an enhanced spontaneous IgG secretion by cultured lymphocytes was found, and this observation was restricted to those patients who had not recovered. These alterations suggest that the immune system might be involved in the course of hepatitis C virus in

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00511.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—To clarify the discrepancy in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) subtypes present in the serum and liver, as well as among hepatocytes, liver specimens which were resected from 37 HBsAg‐positive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined. We evaluated HBsAg and the subtypic determinants of HBsAg and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) using the peroxidase‐antiperoxidase (PAP) staining method. Hepatitis B antigens were more frequently detected in small tumors (HBsAg in 67%, HBcAg in 40%) than in large ones (HBsAg in 36%, HBcAg in 14%). The prevalence of each subtypic determinant in the HBsAg positive non‐tumorous vs. tumorous areas was 100% vs. 67% in a, 100% vs. 57% ind, 100% vs. not tested iny, 100% vs. 53% inrand 25% vs. 0% inw(a, d, y, randwrepresent subtypic determinants). There was virtually no difference in a set of subtypic determinants between the serum and liver. However, there were some variations in a set of subtypic determinants among the hepatocytes. On the other hand, liver tissue of compound subtypeadyrin serum contained both cells witha,d,rand witha,y,ras well as a few cells witha,d,y,r.These findings suggest that HBV genomes in hepatocytes of type B chronic liver disease may differ genetically among cells even in the same liver

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00512.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Active dynamic contraction of bile canaliculi has been observed in cultured doublet hepatocytes using time‐lapse cinephotomicrography. This contractile movement plays an important role in normal bile formation. The mechanism of bile canalicular contraction has been proved to involve the Ca2+‐calmodulin system and pericanalicular actin filaments. However, the role of myosin in this system is still unknown. In this study, using the newly synthesized myosin light‐chain kinase inhibitor ML‐9, we found that the treatment of cultured doublet hepatocytes with ML‐9 inhibited canalicular contraction. This inhibitory effect suggests that myosin is involved in this complex cellular function and that the integrity of the actin‐myosin system, as well as the Ca2a‐calmodulin system is essential for normal bile canalicu

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1991.tb00514.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY