摘要:

ABSTRACT—The value of ultrasound‐measured liver volume in assessing response to therapy in patients with malignant liver disease was determined by the method originally described by Carr, which was modified and validated. Volumes measured in five cadavers by ultrasound and, after removal, by water displacement agreed to within 8% and the wide range of volumes in 20 normal subjects (800–2400 ml) was closely correlated with body weight. In 20 patients with non‐malignant diffuse liver disease (cirrhosis or fatty liver) and 33 with malignant liver disease, initial volumes ranged from 1000 to 4900 ml and did not correlate with body weight. Changes in response to therapy in 15 patients with malignant liver disease were monitored by serial measurements with demonstrable changes in volume which, in those with alpha‐fetoprotein tumours, were in parallel with changes in serum alpha‐fetopro

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—In 35 patients on long‐term anticonvulsant treatment (7–35 years, x̄ = 19.6 years), various liver enzymes were measured. In 32 cases (91.4%), elevated levels of serum‐gamma‐glutamyl‐transpeptidase (GGT) were found. Liver biopsy was performed in five of 13 patients with GGT levels of>60 U/1 (75–257, x̄ = 123 U/1). Light microscopy showed a minimal steatosis and fine granular appearance of hepatocytes in two cases, and a slight portal fibrosis in one case. Two cases showed an unremarkable histology. Electron microscopy revealed signs of enzyme induction as overall swelling of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and additionally a dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in all five specimens. No signs of liver damage or disturbance of liver function co

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00941.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—A 6‐year (mean 24.5 months) longitudinal study has been undertaken in 237 HBeAg‐positive patients with clinicopathologically verified chronic hepatitis. HBeAg clearance occurred in 74 patients at a rate of 16% per year, and a cumulative probability of 67% at the end of a 5‐year follow‐up. HBeAg clearance was preceded by a temporary “exacerbation” with SGPT>300 IU/L in 62% of the patients. On the other hand, irrespective of the level of SGPT elevation, only 23% of such exacerbations were followed by HBeAg clearance. Further analysis indicates that alphafetoprotein>100 ng/ml, frequently associated with bridging hepatic necrosis, during “exacerbation” predicts HBeAg clearance. In addition, patients with chronic lobular hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis have a higher annual HBeAg clearance rate than patients with chronic persistent hepatitis and nonspecific histologic changes (>15% vs<8%,P<0.03). Short‐term immunosuppressive treatment did not delay HBeAg seroconversion. Male patients had a higher annual HBeAg clearance rate than female patients (18.2% vs 8.7%,P<0.05). It was concluded that, in addition to the time factor, the nature of chronic hepatitis, the extent of hepatic damage during “exacerbation”, and the sex of the patients are important determina

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00942.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The study reports functional and morphological findings in eight male subjects undergoing anticonvulsant therapy for periods from 20 days up to 15 years. All subjects showed an increased activity of the hepatic microsomal NADPH cytochrome c reductase and an increased amount of smooth membranes in hepatocytes. The enzymatic activity was higher in the first years of treatment. Quantitative ultrastructural analysis showed that a twofold increase of the smooth membranes of hepatocytes had already been reached after 20 days of therapy, with a modest additional increase occurring thereafter. Both enzymatic and structural changes appear to be related to therapy. In addition, abnormal lipofuscin‐related cytoplasmic formations were present in the hepatocytes of five subjects. Such formations are thought to represent an accumulation of abnormal degradation products, possibly related to an interaction of the drug(s) metabolites with cellular compone

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00943.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—A study was undertaken of the interaction between liver cells and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)in vitro. Hepatocytes were obtained from HSV–resistant (C57/B16) and from HSV‐susceptible (BALB/c, A/J, C3H) mouse strains and cultured according to standard methods. Each culture was infected with several strains of HSV‐type 1 or of HSV‐type 2, respectively. The multiplicity of infection was 5. The cytopathic effect was evaluated by light‐ and electron‐microscopy. The number of infectious particles was determined using rabbit kidney or Vero cell cultures. All evaluations were made at different time intervals after infection. No difference concerning the replication rate of HSV‐1 and 2 in isolated hepatocytes from resistant and susceptible mouse strains was detected. However, a marked difference was observed with respect to the production of infectious particles: HSV‐1 exhibited a good multiplication rate, whereas no production of virus particles was observed with HSV‐2. The data show that mice hepatocytes fail to bear the genotype for resistanc

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00944.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—PiMZ individuals in conditions of clinical stimulation show a peculiar immunohistochemical staining pattern for alpha‐1‐antitrypsin (AAT) in the liver: 1) the positivity involves large zones of parenchyma (up to 100% of hepatocytes); 2) in zone 2 and zone 3 hepatocytes the positivity appears in the form of crescents or rectilinear arrays along the sinusoids. This new pattern is designated type II, in contrast to type I which occurs in periportal hepatocytes in the form of inclusions spread over the whole cytoplasm. This peculiar staining pattern is associated with serum elevation of AAT and is considered to be an expression of liver reactivity. Type II positivity marks the hepatocytes which are newly recruited for the synthesis of AAT; owing to its defective export, the Z AAT is retained within the cell and detectable by immunohistochemistry. Thus this staining pattern is an expression of both recruitment for synthesis and block of secretion (“Recruitment‐Secretory Block” “R‐SB” phenomenon). In PiMZ individuals, the secretory block affects selectively and exclusively the Z fraction of AAT. At the EM level the vast majority of the retained protein is found in the RER, which represents the major and the earliest site of storage. Viewed in the framework of present knowledge of glycoprotein biosynthesis, the results of this study shed further light on the nature and cellular site of

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00945.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00946.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00948.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY