ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00879.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Recent studies of hepatitis B virus suggest that polymeric human serum albumin may facilitate the attachment of the virus via albumin receptors to hepatocytes during the infectious process. If this hypothesis is correct, hepatocytes should express binding sites for polymeric albumin. We employed the red blood cell adherence test using albumin‐coated red blood cells as indicator cells on frozen sections of normal human livers to demonstrate these binding sites. Hepatocytes showed binding activity for both polymeric and monomeric albumin from different species. The receptor‐ligand interaction was temperature and pH dependent, Ca++ independent and not altered by mercaptoethanol treatment. The binding activity was sensitive to neuraminidase and pronase, but resistant to trypsin, lipase and collagenase digestion. These findings suggest that human hepatocytes display species‐non‐specific albumin binding sites, which are glyc

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00880.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—A monoclonal antibody, RL23/36, reacting preferentially with a determinant expressed on normal human hepatocytes is described. Use of an immunohistochemical technique on frozen sections from a range of 75 human liver biopsy specimens revealed that the determinant detected by RL23/36 was not expressed on hepatocytes from a number of patients with biopsy‐proven liver disease. Although a normal staining pattern was observed in 28 of 29 biopsy specimens from patients with no evidence of liver disease, the antibody did not bind to hepatocytes in some cases of chronic active hepatitis (2/13), alcoholic liver disease (2/9), haemochromatosis (1/1), cirrhosis (1/2) and liver metastases (2/8). Furthermore, as in a previous study undertaken in the rat, the antibody failed to bind to tumour cells in the single human hepatoma observed in this study. These results suggest that further studies using RL23/36 may shed light on the pathogenesis of a number of liver diseases, including primary hepatocellular carcin

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00881.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The present study reports the data obtained through a quantitative analysis performed on needle liver biopsies of five jaundiced patients with extrahepatic cholestasis. Whatever the duration of jaundice, the surface density of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum remained in the normal range in all subjects. The surface density of the rough endoplasmic reticulum was variable, showing elevated values in three of the five patients. The surface density of peroxisomes was unchanged with respect to controls. All the subjects exhibited an increase of the surface density of mitochondrial cristae without changes of the outer membrane. These data fail to show evidence of hypertrophy of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hepatocytes of human liver during extrahepatic cholestasis. Instead, the increased surface density of the mitochondrial cristae, which has also been previously reported in patients with uncomplicated cholelithiasis, appears as an early and constant phenomenon associated with conformational changes of this mitochondrial component. Such a structural modification might represent an elementary response of the liver cells to alterations in the pathways of synthesis and/or excretion of biliary component

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00882.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—To determine the value of clinical, biochemical, ultrasound and liver biopsy data in the management of patients with liver disease, eight doctors each assessed 75 case histories. With clinical and biochemical data alone, the predictive accuracy was significantly higher when identifying patients as ‘medical’ rather than ‘surgical’ (97 compared with 79%, p<0.001). However, when making a specific diagnosis as opposed to classifying into medical and surgical categories, clinical and biochemical information resulted in a much lower predictive accuracy for both medical (67%) and surgical (56%) patients. With ultrasound data the predictive accuracy increased to 91% when identifying patients as ‘surgical’; with liver biopsy it increased to 99% when identifying patients as ‘medical’.The value of the different data assessed involves more than an evaluation of diagnostic accuracy, and in this study the relative worth of each test was therefore assessed on a five point scale based on the effect of the information on the doctors. This included a willingness to give specific treatment and make a specific diagnosis, as well as classifying patients into medical and surgical categories and the confidence they felt in their diagnoses. After clinical, biochemical and ultrasound information the doctors were only prepared to give specific treatment to 11.9% of the medical and 9.3% of the surgical patients. After liver biopsy data, however, they were willing to give specific treatment to an additional 66.6% of the medical patients and 25% of the surgical patients. Further evidence of the value of liver biopsy information came from an analysis of the changes in the doctors' confidence in a diagnosis. Thus, 96 patients were assigned a correct specific diagnosis with clinical and biochemical data alone but none were considered as ‘definitive’ by the doctors; when liver biopsy information was provided 59 (61%) were pl

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00883.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The histologic appearances characteristic of chronic active hepatitis (CAH) were observed in liver biopsies of seven patients among whom alcohol abuse was the only identifiable determinant of liver disease. Clinical, hematologic, biochemical and histologic features in these patients were contrasted with those of 20 patients with typical alcoholic hepatitis. For the CAH group, the liver was less enlarged below the costal margin, a palpable spleen was more frequent, the mean neutrophil count was lower, and there was a lower mean level of transaminase enzymes. In both groups there was minimal evidence of the serologic markers of autoimmune CAH or antecedent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Histologically, all liver biopsies in the CAH group showed perilobular “piecemeal” necrosis, “rosette” formation and dense portal and septal lymphoid infiltrates, in contrast to the fatty change, Mallory bodies and intralobular neutrophil clusters of the alcoholic hepatitis group. In the CAH group, a second liver biopsy was assessed after a period during which alcohol consumption was known; histologic improvement or deterioration correlated with abstinence or continuation of drinking. Thus “alcoholic” CAH has some clinical and histologic features distinct from those of typical alcoholic hepatitis, but the two types were similar in other respects including dependence of the course of disease on continuing u

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00884.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Forty‐eight hours after extra‐hepatic selective biliary obstruction (SBO), there is evidence of cholestasis in the obstructed lobes (OL). However, some major ultrastructural features of cholestasis are missing. The aim of this work was to investigate the long‐term effect of SBO. One month after surgery, and in comparison with sham‐operated rats, bile flow, liver weight, and liver weight ratio of obstructed/nonobstructed lobes were normal. Furthermore, there was no evidence of cholestasis in OL by light and electron microscopy. Bile duct communications between obstructed and non‐obstructed lobes were evidenced by Indian ink injection. In sham‐operated rats, bile duct communications between ducts of the different lobes were involved in bile drainage. It appears, therefore, that the main reason for the lack of cholestasis 1 month after SBO is the drainage of bile from OL through accesso

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00885.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00886.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY