摘要:

ABSTRACT—The morphogenesis of the vacuolation of liver cells caused by congestion was studied in the rat. Congestion of the liver was produced by constriction of the inferior vena cava just below the diaphragm. Vacuoles appeared within 5 min after the constriction (inferior vena cava pressure: 50 mm H2O or more). Vacuolation began as a small and saccular invagination of the sinusoidal surface of the liver cell membrane, and at the initial stage the vacuolar lumen connected with the space of Disse through a narrow slit. The small vacuoles increased in size and became larger by fusing with each other. The limiting membrane of vacuoles showed identical enzymological activities to those in the liver cell membrane. Vacuoles contained some components of blood and horseradish peroxidase injected into the femoral vein. These findings suggest that vacuolation of liver cells is formed by invaginations of liver cell membran

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00913.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The features of nonsuppurative cholangitis were studied in liver biopsy specimens from 185 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 280 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and 55 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Specimens from patients with other liver diseases in which the presence of nonsuppurative cholangitis had been recorded were also studied. We identified four types of nonsuppurative cholangitis: granulomatous cholangitis, lymphoid cholangitis, fibrous cholangitis, and pleomorphic cholangitis. Granulomatous cholangitis almost always seemed to be destructive; the other types were either destructive or nondestructive. Granulomatous cholangitis was, for all practical purposes, diagnostic of PBC and the obliterative form of fibrous cholangitis was similarly diagnostic for the hepatic manifestations of PSC in adults and paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts in infants. All other types of cholangitis were found in CAH, PBC, PSC, and other liver diseases. Thus, the term “nonsuppurative cholangitis” describes a spectrum of morphologic lesions that differ in incidence, morphogenesis, usefulness for liver biopsy diagnosis, and, probably, pathoge

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00914.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—We tested lymphocyte cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). The following cytotoxicity values were found (mean ± SEM): alcohol‐induced steatosis with or without fibrosis 16.5±2% (n = 29), alcoholic cirrhosis 28±4% (n = 13), controls with normal liver histology or minimal changes 6±2% (n = 11). The differences were statistically significant (both forms of ALD versus controls p<0.005). T‐cell as well as non‐T‐cell‐enriched lymphocyte fractions showed increased cytotoxicity in ALD. We did not observe a correlation between cellular cytotoxicity and the degree of biochemical or histological alterations within the groups tested. Thus, our study demonstrating enhanced cellular cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes in ALD further supports the hypothesis that cellular immune reactions are involved in the pathogenesis of ALD, especially of alco

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00915.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Monoclonal antibodies (mc/anti‐LSP) have been prepared by polyethylene glycol fusion of P3/NSI/Ag4–1 myeloma cells with spleen cells from Balb/c mice hyperimmunized with human liver‐specific membrane lipoprotein (LSP). Ten hybridomas, cloned by limiting dilution, produced mc/anti‐LSP reacting (by ELISA) with human LSP but not with normal human plasma proteins nor with a variety of other proteins likely to co‐purify with LSP. Three of these (A15/7, A9/63 and B20), producing high‐titre IgG1 mc/anti‐LSP, were biosynthetically radiolabelled and used as index antibodies. By competitive inhibition of binding of the index antibodies to LSP in an immunoradiometric assay, the ten hybridoma products were classified into four distinct groups according to their specificities for different epitopes in LSP. None of the index antibodies reacted, on ELISA, with glutaraldehyde‐fixed PLC/PRF/5, Chang, Daudi or HSB‐2 cell lines nor with human peripheral blood leucocytes. However, A15/27 (but not A9/63 or B20) reacted with saponin‐permeabilized PLC/PRF/5 and Chang cells and also with rabbit LSP. The results emphasize the polyantigenic nature of LSP and indicate that at least one of the mc/anti‐LSP (A15/27) recognises a species crossreactive antigen that is present in l

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00916.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Four cases of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), consisting exclusively of Mallory body (MB)‐containing cells, were presented. The MB‐containing HCC cells seemed actively proliferating and infiltrated into the surrounding non‐neoplastic tissue with a concomitant loss of the hepatic parenchyma. α‐fetoprotein was immunohisto‐chemically demonstrated in these MB‐containing HCC cells. Therefore, the possibility arises that the process by which MBs are formed is a fundamental pathway that on some occasions may be linked with neoplastic

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00917.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The profiles of specific antinuclear antibodies were determined in sera from 23 patients with the idiopathic type of chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 15 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and 25 patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). The indirect immunofluorescence test for antinuclear antibodies using cultured human embryonic fibroblasts as substrate was positive in 78% in CAH, in 73% in PBC and in 24% in ALD. Seventeen percent of CAH sera and 33% of PBC sera stained small speckles in interphase nuclei. This staining pattern probably represents a new subset of ANA as the centromeres (kinetochores) were not stained. Antibodies to native DNA by the Crithidia luciliae test were found in only one serum from a patient with CAH. In addition, 17 percent of the CAH sera reacted with the saline extract of rabbit thymus by double immunodiffusion. Antibodies to the Sm‐ or RNP‐antigens were not found. SS‐B antibodies could be demonstrated in 39% of the CAH sera by a sensitive immunoenzymatic technique. Patients with CAH also had significantly higher levels of antibodies against denatured, single‐stranded DNA (ss‐DNA) and a synthetic RNA molecule, poly(A) as compared to other groups. Patients with an atypical cholestatic CAH had an antinuclear‐antibody profile resembling that of the other CAH patients, but different from that of PBC patients. Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis had significantly higher levels of ss‐DNA‐ and poly(A)‐antibodies than other patients with ALD. It is concluded that the determination of an antinuclear‐antibody profile using the ELISA seems to be clinically useful in the classification of c

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00918.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Metallothionein was isolated from the liver of rats pretreated with cadmium. Monospecific anti‐metallothionein antibodies were produced in rabbits. Twenty‐six primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) liver samples and three control liver samples were stained for metallothionein by an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Nineteen of the PBC samples and the control samples were also stained for copper by Timm's silver sulphide method. In all PBC samples the copper concentration was determined. In addition, the zinc, cadmium, and mercury concentrations were measured in some samples. Eighteen of the PBC samples stained for metallothionein showed marked diffuse cytoplasmic and nuclear staining of a varying number of periportal hepatocytes. In none of them was granular staining detected. None of the control samples showed staining. Fourteen of the PBC samples stained for copper showed diffuse cytoplasmic and granular staining of the periportal hepatocytes. In none of them was nuclear staining detected. None of the control samples showed staining. No elevated zinc, cadmium, or mercury concentrations were found but the copper concentration was increased in 21 of the 26 PBC samples. The number of cells staining for copper and metallothionein was assessed semiquantitatively. Significant correlations were found between the grade of metallothionein staining and the liver copper concentration; the grade of Timm's staining and the liver copper concentration; and the grades of metallothionein staining and Timm's staining. The data suggest that the accumulation of copper induces synthesis of cytoplasmic and nuclear metallothionein, and that the increased amount of cytoplasmic copper is bound to a similarly increased amount of metallothi

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00919.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Deparaffinized sections of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive liver biopsies, when incubated in a human fibrinogen solution, reveal a strong labelling of ground‐glass hepatocytes with fibrinogen. This implies an interaction between HBsAg and fibrinogen. The binding of fibrinogen to HBsAg is thought to be mediated by the protein moiety of HBsAg, since its binding capacity is destroyed by trypsin digestion, and to occur through formation of disulphide bridges because the binding can be disrupted by the reducing effect of 2‐mercapto‐ethanol. Not all ground‐glass hepatocytes exhibit fibrinogen binding. The reason for this is at present unclear. No relationship between serum HBeAg positivity and binding of HBsAg to fibrinogen was observed. Preincubation in a fibrinogen solution did not alter the immunoreactivity of HBsAg. We conclude that there is a striking analogy between the interaction of HBsAg with polymerized human serum albumin and its interaction with f

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00920.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00921.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1984.tb00922.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY