摘要:

AbstractThree subsets of chicken peripheral T cells (T1, T2 and T3) have been identified in peripheral blood of adult chickens on the basis of fluorescence intensity after staining with certain xenogeneic anti‐thymus cell sera (from turkeys and rabbits). They differentiate between 3–10 weeks of age in parallel with development of responsiveness to the mitogens concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Functional tests on the T subsets, sorted with a fluorescence‐activated cell sorter, have shown that T2,3 cells respond to Con A, PHA and PWM and are capable of eliciting a graft‐vs.‐host reaction (GvHR). In contrast, although T1 cells respond to Con A, they respond poorly to PHA and not at all to PWM or in GvHR. There was some indication of cooperation between T1 and T2,3 cells for the PHA response. Parallels between these chicken subsets and helper and suppressor/cytotoxic subsets in mammalian systems are

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140112

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBALB/c mice were repeatedly immunized with microgram doses of benzylpenicilloylated Ascaris protein(s) (BPO9Asc) in alum. At different stages of the immune response, BPO21eicosa‐L‐lysine or two analogs containing one or two hydrophobic p‐oxymethylbenzyl‐3β‐cholestanyl succinate (OSuco) groups were injected. When injected early in the immune response, the anti‐BPO IgE antibody formation was much more strongly and permanently suppressed by the lipophilic conjugates than by the hydrophilic BPO21eicosa‐L‐lysine. A similar, but less marked, suppressive effect was observed on the anti‐BPO IgG1response.By adoptive cell transfer experiments, it was found that the OSuco‐containing derivatives induce and act via suppressor T lymphocytes, since this cell‐mediated suppression was sensitive to cyclophosphamide or to treatment with anti‐Lyt‐2.2 antibody plus complement.When these compounds were injected into repeatedly immunized mice producing late ongoing antibody responses no differences in suppression between hydrophilic and hydrophobic derivatives were observed. In this case, the IgE response was suppressed by about 50%, while the IgG1response was not affected.These results are compatible with the suggestion that early IgE responses are most sensitive to T cell‐mediated suppression and that T suppressor cells are better induced by lipophilic than by hydrophilic antigens. The late ongoing IgE response, on the other hand, is less amenable to T cell‐induced suppression and tolerogenic effects brought about by plurivalent BPO antigens operate directly on hapten‐specific IgE‐bearing B cells, regard

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140113

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFusion of spleen cells from autoimmune NZB/NZW female mice with drug‐resistant myeloma cells (clones NSI/1, X63‐Ag8.653 and NSO/1) produced hybrid clones which secreted antibodies to various nuclear components. Roughly 50% of the anti‐nuclear hybridomas produced antibodies reacting with DNA, 20% with RNA and 30% reacted with other nuclear antigens. Two hybridomas of the latter group were cloned and studied in detail. They secreted antibodies which produced bright fluorescence staining of nuclei and metaphase chromosomes. The specificity of the antibodies was determined by testing them in an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and a radioimmunoassay against individual acid‐ and salt‐extracted histones, against histones mixed two and three at a time and against histone complexes isolated as such from chromatin. One of the monoclonal antibodies was specific for histone H2B and reacted with the histone free in solution or when present as a H2A‐H2B complex. The second monoclonal antibody recognized a specific conformation in the H3‐H4 complex that was present only when the complex was obtained from chromatin by salt extraction. The same conformation, however, could be induced by adding histone H2B to a mixture of acid‐extracted H3 and H4.Our findings show that the autoimmune syndrome in NZB/NZW mice resembles human systemic lupus erythematosus not only in the incidence of antibodies to DNA and RNA, but also in the production of autoantib

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140114

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractContinued treatment with monoclonal anti‐IgD (Ig‐5a) from birth in BALB/c mice causes a markedly increased responsiveness to i.v. injected dinitrophenylated ovalbumin (DNP‐OVA) withBordetella pertussisat the age of 8 weeks. The 19 S plaqueforming cell (PFC)/spleen response is particularly enhanced, 6–8‐fold, but all the other isotypes also show increases of 2–6‐fold, including IgA and IgE. Both primary and secondary PFC responses and serum antibody titers are enhanced. After transfer of spleen cells from anti‐Ig‐treated mice to irradiated recipients the IgM/IgG ratio becomes similar to that of controls. In contrast, the response of anti‐IgD‐treated mice to i.p. immunization with either 0.2 or 100 μg DNP‐OVA plus alum is reduced by approximately 80% for each Ig isotype except IgM and remains low upon transfer of spleen cells to recipients. It is concluded that the paucity of B cells in peripheral lymph nodes of the anti‐IgD‐treated mice causes the low responsiveness to i.p. immunization, but that the IgD−B cells in the spleen are quite able to respond and are, in fact, more responsive than IgD+B cells. This increased responsiveness, together with the higher IgM/IgG ratios for all Ig isotypes and an otherwise similar order of isotype distribution (γ1>γ2b>γ2a= ϵ ≧ α) as in controls, suggests that a hyperresponsive, but less mature IgD−B cell population is selectively produced in the spleens o

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140115

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA panel of closely and distantly related lysozymes and lysozyme‐peptide fragments were utilized in assessing the specificity repertoire of murine anti‐hen egg white lysozyme hybridomas. The 44 monoclonal antibodies could be divided into a minimum of 18 fine specificity groups in tests using the lysozyme panel. Two hybridoma products were specific for epitopes containing amino acids 68 and 121, respectively; and another was specific for an epitope including amino acids 113–114. Several hybridomas demonstrated unique heteroclitic binding, for example, to bob‐white lysozyme (BEL), but not other closely related lysozymes, suggesting lysine at position 68 in BEL as an important residue of recognition. Radioimmunoassays using lysozyme peptides bound to plastic plates specified the regional specificity of 6 additional antibodies of the 44. A comparison of the specificities of monoclonal antibodies with antibody producedin vivoshowed some major differences suggesting that those cells proceeding on to antibody formation in the regulatory milieu of the whole animal are a selected subpop

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140116

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBALB/c mice were immunized with purified phosphorylcholine (PC)‐specific myeloma protein of the TEPC‐15 tumor, which bears the major idiotype of the anti‐PC response (T15 Id) in this mouse strain. Four months after establishing the anti‐idiotypic response, animals were immunized with PC‐keyhole limpet hemocyanin under conditions which normally lead to IgE antibody formation. The expression of anti‐PC antibodies of each immunoglobulin class was compared to a group of matched control mice not immunized with T15. In BALB/c mice producing anti‐idiotypic antibodies the formation of anti‐PC IgM, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3and IgE was suppressed to various extents and for different lengths of time. An exception to this observation was the formation of anti‐PC IgA antibodies, in that no significant difference was measured between the two groups of mice. BALB/c mice immunized in the same way with the PC‐specific myeloma proteins of the MOPC‐167, MOPC‐511 and MOPC‐603 tumors produced normal levels of anti‐PC IgE and IgG antibodies. These results suggest that T15 idiotype‐positive antibodies are probably formed within all classes of specific antibodies expressed during an immune response to PC. The possibility of extending the phenomena of anti‐idiotype‐induced suppression to the level of various classes of specific antibodies, including IgE, might be of interest in the tr

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140117

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNo specific binding of anti‐HLA class I B.10.6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) could be demonstrated by cell surface radioimmunoassay and cytofluorographic studies at the surface of murine transformed L cells expressing HLA‐A3 or Cw3 molecules. However, specific interaction of this antibody with these molecules at the surface of these transformed cells was indirectly established, since it inhibited specifically the binding to the same HLA class I molecules of other anti‐HLA class I mAb. Therefore, the absence of detectable binding of mAb, in conventional immunoassays, does not exclude expression by these cells of the corresponding antigenic determ

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140118

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been suggested that non‐T cell‐mediated cellular immune mechanisms might be elevated in nude mice, which could contribute to their partial resistance to intracellular infectious agents and to the development of spontaneous tumors. In this study we have examined macrophages (MΦ) from athymic, euthymic and athymic T cell‐reconstituted mice in terms of their phagocytic capacity, microbicidal and tumoricidal activity, and the production of hydrogen peroxidase and superoxide anions. These studies have demonstrated the presence of activated MΦ in nude mice and suggest that this activation is associated with the absence of T cell‐mediated suppression. We have also compared MΦ activation levels in germ‐free nude mice which have a defined intestinal bacterial flora. We have found MΦ activity to be significantly elevated in microbiologically defined nude mice when compared to germ‐free nude mice, indicating that a resistant gut flora is capable of nonspecifically stimulatin

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140119

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHuman recombinant interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) with a chemical purity of over 90% was shown to enhance membrane expression of HLA‐DR antigens on cells from 3 human myelomonocytic lines (HL‐60, U‐937 and THP‐1). Immunofluorescence techniques using a series of anti‐HLA‐DR monoclonal antibodies showed that the low, although variable, levels of DR‐positive cells were clearly enhanced as soon as 24 h after incubation with IFN‐γ. Only IFN‐γ was able to exert this effect, since incubation with high concentrations of IFN‐α or ‐β did not induce any significant modification of the percentage of HLA‐DR‐positive cells. In contrast, doses of IFN‐γ as low as 2 units were effective, indicating a highly preferential, apparently selective effect of IFN‐γ for enhancement of HLA‐DR expression. Private class II antigen expression was also enhanced by IFN‐γ on the U‐937 cell line. Through its enhancing effect on class II public and private HLA antigens on the membrane of human monocytes, the IFN‐γ lymphokine may have a critical role in the modulation of antigen presentation by monocytes and on the

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140120

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830140101

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY