摘要:

AbstractRabbit anti‐Thy‐1 antibody bound to T cells induces the appearance of T cell growth factor (interleukin 2, IL 2) receptors and the production of IL 2. IL2 receptors induction by this means occurs within a short time span, and independent of any demonstrable accessory cell. A source of exogenous or endogenous IL 2 is apparently the only requirement for proliferation after these receptors are expressed. IL 2 production, on the other hand, is accessory cell‐dependent, and this help is mediated via Fc receptors on the accessory cell. IL 2 production in this model is demonstrable at 4–6 h, or earlier, and is proliferation‐independent. X‐irradiation actually augments apparent IL 2 production. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that a differentiated subset of T cells in any mixed population is responsible for IL 2

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110602

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe hybridoma system has been utilized to produce antibodies to characterize the cell surface antigens on human melanoma cells. On initial screening, two antibodies derived by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells (SP2/0‐Ag14) and splenocytes from a mouse immunized with a melanoma cell line (CaCL 78‐1) showed cross‐reactivity with 10 melanoma cell lines and did not react with any of 4 epithelial cancer lines, or 4 normal adult fibroblast lines. However, because of reactivity with 2 neuroblastoma cell lines, additional testing with other neuroectodermal derivatives was carried out and revealed a broad cross‐reactivity among melanomas, neuroblastomas, retinoblastomas and glioblastomas and against antigens shared by fetal but not adult brain. Thus, these results indicate the existence of common neuroectodermal antigens on melanoma cells. Before melanoma specificity can be claimed for, an antibody reactivity with nonmelanoma cells bearing these neuroectodermal antigen should be e

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110603

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSubcutaneous immunization of CBA/N or (CBA/N x BALB/c)F1(NBF1) male mice, which were defective in phosphorylcholine (PC)‐specific humoral antibody response, with PC‐conjugated syngeneic spleen cells induced a PC‐specific delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) response, while intravenous administration of the same cells induced PC‐specific suppressor T cells for the DTH response. Treatment of PC‐specific effector or suppressor T cells for the DTH response induced in NBF1male mice with anti‐T15 idiotypic antibody inactivated effector or suppressor functions of these T cells implying that PC‐specific T cells in NBF1mice expressed T15 idiotypic determinants on their surface. Enrichment of PC‐specific suppressor T cells was also shown by employing anti‐T15 ant

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110604

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFour cell lines derived from spontaneous BALB/c B lymphoma tumors were analyzed with regared to the type of their membrane immunoglobulins (Ig). Using lactoperoxidase iodination of membrane proteins combined with immunoprecipitation and electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, three of these cell lines (X16c, L10A and K46) were found to express the monomeric form of IgM and IgD as well as half molecules. One cell line (M12) lacked both IgM and IgD. The apparent mol. wt. of the lymphoma μ chain was about 80000 and exceeded the mol. wt. of 75 000 determined for μ chains secreted by myeloma cells. The mol. wt. of the δ heavy chain was found to be 66000. Immunofluorescence showed that the L10A and X16c lines expressed λ light chains on their cell surface. Another Ig‐bearing cell line (K46) expressed both λ and χ chains. Thus, three out of the four B lymphomas examined expressed both IgM and IgD with light chains of the δ type. These results, together with our previous findings which demonstrate the presence of Ia and Fc receptors on the same cells, indicate that spontaneous B lymphomas in BALB/c mice are the malignant counterpart of mature B lym

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110605

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSimilar idiotopes are detected on anti‐allotypic antibodies synthesized by all rabbits immunized against the b6 allotype. The expression of similar idiotopes on anti‐b6 antibodies has been found in rabbits of all VHa allotypic types thus far studied. For their expression, these idiotopes require the interaction between VLand VHdoma

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110606

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe experiments reported here were directed at the question of whether polyclonal activation of T cells by mitogenic substances results as a consequence of (a) a truly antigen‐independent stimulation of T cells through mitogen receptors, bypassing requirements for T cell‐specific recognition or (b) an immunological reaction, similar in principle and requirements to T cell activation induced by antigen. Several lines of evidence have provided strong support for the latter interpretation. First, the ability of several mitogenic substances to induce polyclonal T cell activation was found to be crucially dependent upon cell surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) products. Thus, the presence of alloantisera or monoclonal antibodies directed against either class I (SD) determinants or class II (Ia) products on the responding cell population resulted in a sizeable dose‐dependent inhibition of the mitogenic response. Additional studies using spleen cells from normal F1mice or F1→parent bone marrow chimeras provided the most direct and convincing evidence for a specific immunological role of MHC products in mitogenic T cell activation. Here, the concanavalin A response of normal F1T cells was found to be inhibited by alloantisera against either parental haplotype, while the H‐2‐heterozygous F1→parent chimeras were only inhibited by antisera against the H‐2 of the parent in which they matured and possessed functional, MHC‐restricted helper T cells.The inherent characteristics and reactivities which endow only certain lectins to exert a mitogenic effect were specifically examined in light of the observed dependence for MHC expression in these mitogenic reactions. Using a panel of 20 different lectins as affinity absorbents for cell surface glycoproteins, it was found that only mitogenic lectins were capable of binding to cell surface‐expressed H‐2 products (both K/D and la). The results obtained here are discussed in support of the concept that mitogeninduced T cell responses involve an immunological recognition of cell surface modifications seen in the context

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110607

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImmunocompetent cell functions were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Hematological studies revealed decreased absolute numbers of lymphocytes and increased numbers of polynucleic cells in the peripheral blood of SHR. The SHR had a reduced number of immature T lymphocytes in their thymuses in comparison with an original strain of Wistar rats, as detected by the rosette formation test with guinea pig erythrocytes. The antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) of the 3‐month‐old SHR was profoundly depressed and was about one‐tenth that of the Wistar rats. Cell cooperation experiments suggest that the T lymphocytes of the SHR were selectively impaired in antibody responses to SRBC in cooperation with B lymphocytes. B lymphocytes from the bone marrow of the SHR were not affected and produced normal numbers of plaque‐forming units. Cyclophosphamide treatment, which selectively depletes suppressor T lymphocytes, did not enhance the delayedtype hypersensitivity response to SRBC in SHR. This may rule out the possibility of the involvement of the suppressor mechanism in the T cell depression of

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110608

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMonocyte functions in the primary and secondary proliferative responses of human lymphocytes against purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) have been studied. By applying the antigen either directly to the responding cells or on antigentreated autologous monocytes, it was possible to distinguish between two different monocyte functions: antigen presentation and regulation. Their helper function in lymphocyte proliferation was found in cell‐free supernatants of autologous and allogeneic monocytes and was expressed better in the secondary rather than in the primary responses. The antigen‐presenting function of monocytes, however, was found to be more substantial in the primary response of lymphocytes. These results suggest that macrophage dependency of certain immune functions should be considered in regard to the various functions of macrophages, since at least quantitative differences for each of the macrophage functions were found in the primary and secondary proliferative respon

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110609

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree types of idiotypic specificities compose the major idiotype of anti‐poly (L‐Glu60‐L‐Ala30‐L‐Tyr10) (GAT) antibodies from BALB/c mice (idiotype termed GAT‐715). Assays have been designed to analyze and study the distribution of these specificities. The highly conserved idiotypic specificity (h.c.GAT) has been assayed by the binding of serum 715‐7A4 to radiolabeled rat anti‐GAT antibodies. Guinea pig and mouse anti‐GAT antisera all express the same h.c.GAT specificity. The public specificity (p.GAT) has been shown to be present in an identical form in all anti‐GAT antisera from all strains of mice studied. The assay used for p.GAT was the binding of serum 715‐7A4 to C57BL/6 anti‐GAT antibodies that express only p.GAT. Finally, the strain‐restricted specificity s.r.GAT has also been investigated by radioimmunoassay; this specificity is expressed only by strains BALB/c, BALB/b, BUB/J, DBA/2, DBA/1 and ATL. This expression is independent of known allotypic markers. However, the expression of the s.r.GAT specificity of BALB/c mice follows the genetic distribution of VHgenes of BALB/c origin indicating that s.r.GAT can be considered as a genetic marker of some VHgene(s) involved in the specific immune res

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110610

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSix different cell‐mediated lympholysis (CML) combinations were established, four of which generated effector cells against the I‐E, and two against the I‐A molecule. The cell surface phenotype of effector cells was then determined by depletion of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity with antisera and rabbit complement (C) treatment. Both types of effector cells were completely eliminated by treatment with anti‐Thy‐1.2 antiserum plus C. Anti‐Lyt‐1.2 and C depleted anti‐A and anti‐E killer activity but did not eliminate CTL generated across a whole H‐2 difference. One out of three different batches of anti‐Lyt‐2.2 antiserum did not deplete anti‐A killer activity, while it efficiently eliminated CTL generated across the E region or whole H‐2 difference. However, two batches of anti‐Lyt‐2.2 antiserum depleted also anti‐A CTL activity. A quantitative difference between anti‐A and anti‐E CTL in terms of Lyt‐2 expression was demonstrated by significant differences in recovery of killer activity, after treatment of these two types of CTL with a wide concentration range of the same anti‐Lyt‐2.2 antiserum and C. Thus it is concluded that anti‐A killer cells have the cell surface phenotype of Thy‐1+, Lyt‐1, Lyt‐2↑, whereas anti‐E CTL are Thy‐1+, Lyt‐1↑, Lyt‐2←. The data are discussed in the context of a possible association of Lyt p

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110611

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY