摘要:

AbstractThe roles of adherent and nonadherent T cells in the responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) were studied. [3H]thymidine uptake by mononuclear cells from human thymus and peripheral blood was used to measure the relative influence of monocytes and B cells on the responses to these mitogens. The response to Con A was dependent on two populations of T cells, one adherent to cotton or nylon and the other nonadherent. The first population appeared to potentiate the latter. In contrast, the response to PHA was dependent only on the nonadherent T cell subpopulation. The responses to PHA and to Con A were both dependent on monocytes to approximately the same extent, but the response to Con A, unlike the response to PHA, was also slightly dependent on B cells.

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080202

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have investigated immunoglobulin production by cloned hybrid cells. γ2bheavy chains, but not γ1or γ2a, exist in two forms, differing in molecular weight, galactose labeling and charge. Hybrid molecules containing γ2band γ1heavy chains were secreted by hybridoma cells synthesizing Ig molecules of both subclasses. However, cells synthesizing both IgM and IgG chains did not secrete μ‐γ hybrid molecules. We have surveyed many new hybridomas derived from different mouse strains: 10 % of those secreting IgM produce a μ chain which is about 5000 daltons larger than normal μ. Two IgM‐secreting lines were studied in detail and were found to bear μ but not δ in their membrane. Intra‐ and extracellular μ differ in molecular size; pentameric IgM‐containing molecules of both sizes were observed in th

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080203

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe intenstiy of the primary mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) seems to be influenced by at least two distinct determinants of the HLA‐D region: the HLA‐Dw‐stimulating products and the human Ia‐like B lymphocyte DR (D‐related) antigens. In three families, the primary MLR is significantly higher in case of HLA haploidentity, when stimulating and responding cells differ with regard to both Dw and DRw determinants, than when only Dw products are different. Thus, an additional effect of DR antigens during primary MLR is observed.The role of DRw antigens in primary MLR and the results obtained by a primed lymphocyte test which can discriminate between Dw3 and DRw3, indicate that DRw and Dw products could be distinct det

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080204

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProcessing of J chain in various mouse myeloma cell lines was examined by incorporation of radioactive cystine, followed by analysis of proteins by immune precipitation and gel electrophoresis. J chain was synthesized by all myeloma‐derived cell lines examined, but not by nonmyeloma cell lines, even of B lymphocyte lineage. Secretion of J chain occurred only from cells secreting IgA or IgM. The J chain synthesized in other myeloma cell lines, was altered to a form that did not migrate at the rate of J chain during electrophoresis and was not recognized by the anti‐J chain antiserum. This alteration, probably due to degradation, occurred at a similar rate to the secretion of J chain by cell lines producing IgA or IgM. Some degradation of J chain may also occur in cell lines secreting J chain.Although the J chains from several cell lines were indistinguishable by gel electrophoresis when first synthesized, secreted J chains from three cell lines all showed slight differences in mobility both from one another and from intracellular J chain. The change in mobility occurred at or near the time of secretion of immunoglobulin, and was consistent with the addition of different amounts of carbohydrate to J chain in the three different myelo

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080205

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNonimmune sera of inbred and H‐2‐congenic mouse strains contain natural antibodies of the IgM type reacting with 4‐(ethoxymethylene)‐2‐phenyl‐oxazolin‐5‐one (oxazolone). The genetic regulation of the level of natural and induced antibodies to oxazolone was compared. High natural antibody‐producing ability was inherited recessively, while high oxazolone‐induced IgM antibody formation was dominant in F1animals. Studies on nude mice demonstrated that T cells do not affect the natural antibody level, but were required for induced antibody production. Breeding studies and linkage analysis revealed multigenic control and a significant role of allotype‐linked genes in both cases. Furthermore, the influence of H‐2‐linked genes on induced primary IgM antibody pr

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080206

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEarlier work from two laboratories had shown that three mouse strains of allotype b produce a restricted response to hapten (4‐hydroxy‐3‐nitrophenyl) acetyl (NP). These antibodies shared a peculiar heteroclitic fine specificity and exhibited a predictable although polyclonal isoelectric focusing (IEF) pattern in most of these mice. These characteristics were controlled by (an) Ig‐1‐linked gene(s) (VHNFb). We report studies with a guinea pig anti‐idiotype serum which recognized the products of the VHNPbgene (idiotype NP‐b) but not other Ig. Binding of idiotype NP‐b was hapten‐inhibitable.Idiotype NP‐b was the predominant (>85%) antibody population in the primary and secondary responses of C57BL/6, and also in F1hybrid mice between C57BL/6 and an idiotype‐negative strain. By preparative IEF, idiotype NP‐b was separated into fractions (IgG1(λ) which had different affinities for the anti‐idiotype, and also slightly different binding affinities for analogues of NP.Lambda1light chain seems to be required for the expression of the idiotype gene, but with the exception of the SJL strain, the light chain is not responsible for the observed genetic polymorphism. Besides, λ is the predominant light chain in idiotype‐negative anti‐NP antibodies at least in strains BALB/c, SM, DBA, A/J and RF but not i

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080207

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis report describes an antigen‐specific proliferative assay which makes use of lymph node cells obtained from mice injected subcutaneously at the base of the tail one week previously. When lymphocytes from only the draining lymph nodes of mice immunized with a variety of different antigens, were stimulated in flat‐bottomed microculture plates with the immunizing antigen, a substantial degree of proliferation was observed, measured as incorporation of [3H]thymidine. Monovalent immunogen p‐azobenzenearsonate‐L‐tyrosine, (ABA‐Tyr, 500 daltons) which induces T cell responses in guinea pigs without antibody production, was studied in detail. In a typical experiment, ABA‐Tyr gave ∼ 17000 cpm while control cultures without antigen showed ∼ 1600 cpm. The response is antigen‐specific and seems to be mediated by T cells, since (a) it can be abolished by pretreatment of these cells with anti‐Thy‐1.2 serum and complement, (b) cells from nu/nu mice primed with ABA‐Tyr do not show any antigen‐induced proliferation, in contrast to the response observed in nu/+ and BALB/c controls, and (c) purified T cells require macrophages to proliferate, but neither macrophages nor B cells appear to divide in culture. Thus, this rapid and easy technique should prove useful for thein vitrost

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080208

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNocardiawater‐soluble mitogen (NWSM) is a mitogen which activates human B lymphocytes even in the absence of T cells. Tonsil and peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of NWSM gave rise to large numbers of cells containing cytoplasmic immunoglobulins of IgM, IgA or IgG classes. The number of plasma cells appeared to be elevated as early as day 3 of culture and peaked on day 5 or 7. The IgM response preceded the development of cells containing other Ig classes, and was found to remain predominant on days 5 and 7. A similar number of plasma cells were generated in T‐deprived suspensions; however, a quantitative regulation by T cells cannot yet be excluded. The response to pokeweed mitogen appeared to be similar, except that it was often less intense and not observed in the absence of T cells. Very few or no IgD‐containing cells were found to be differentiated with both mit

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080209

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntravenously injected monoclonal rat IgA is first removed from rat serum at a very fast rate (93% in 4 h), then at a much slower rate (t/2 = 24 h). The rapid initial disappearance is thought to be due in part to secretion into rat bile. This was demonstrated by rat liver perfusions with semisynthetic medium containing diluted (1:200) IgA myeloma serum. During perfusion, the cannulated bile displayed increasingly high levels of this IgA, with a bile to medium ratio of 38 after 1 h of perfusion; at the same time, there was a 40% drop of the rat monoclonal IgA concentration in the medium, which was not observed for rat IgG2aand albumin. All of the monoclonal biliary IgA was bound to secretory component. The rat liver is thus able to actively secrete a monoclonal IgA from the circulation into bile against a strong concentration gradient.

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080210

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsingSchistoma mansonischistosomula collectedin vitroand sensitized with 42‐day‐infected rat serum, normal rat peritoneal cells enriched in eosinophils were proven to subsequently adhere to and kill the schistosomula within 24 to 48 h. The cell‐dependent, heat‐stable antibody in infected rat serum reached a peak between 30 and 42 days after infection. Inhibition experiments with aggregated immunoglobulins indicated the role of IgG2aantibody in the adherence of eosinophils to sensitized schistosomula. The immune absorption technique showed that IgG2aantibody was involved in the mechanism of cytotoxicity of effector to target cells, whereas the role of IgE antibody could be excluded.Ultrastructural studies revealed the constant presence of eosinophils and mast cells in contact with schistosomula. The use of purified cell populations showed that the cytotoxic effect of the original cell population was significantly decreased after depletion of mast cells and partially restored after addition of mast cells. These observations, together with those concerning the role of IgE immune complexes in macrophage cytotoxicity, suggest the possible participation of anaphylactic antibodies in immunity to schistosomes in

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830080211

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY