摘要:

AbstractStudies have been carried out on the genetic control of the expression of individual Ig classes in the responses of A/J (A) and C57BL/6J (B6) mice to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). An isotopic anti‐immunoglobulin test employing Ig class‐specific reagents was used to measure levels of IgM, IgA, IgG1IgG2a, IgG2band IgG3anti‐SRBC antibodies in sera of hyperimmunized mice. Compared with B6 mice, A mice are low IgM and IgA responders but high responders with respect to all IgG subclasses. In (B6 × A)F1mice low responsiveness was dominant for all Ig classes indicating that IgM and IgA responses are controlled by genes different from those which control IgG subclass responses. Analysis of the responses of [(B6 × A)F1× A] and [(B10. A × A)F1× A] backcross mice indicates multigenic control of IgG subclass responses. Expression of IgG2aand IgG3responses appear to be regulated largely by single genes whose action is modified by genes at other loci; control of IgG1and IgG2bis, clearly, polygenic with no evidence for major control by any single gene. The magnitude of all IgG subclass responses appears to be regulated by a gene(s) associated with or linked to the IgCHlocus. Analysis of the responses of H‐2‐congenic mice shows that major histocompatibility genes do not have a strong influence on the patterns of IgM and IgG responses in A or B6 mice. The overall results indicate that while there is some common control of all IgG classes, there is also separate polygenic control of individ

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110902

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeventeen hybridomas, secreting monoclonal anti‐idiotypic antibodies (IDA) directed against the BALB/c ABPC48 idiotype, were isolated from one immunized BALB/c mouse. Several IDA also bind another BALB/c idiotype: UPC10. ABPC48 and UPC10 are both myeloma proteins with a β(2→6)‐polyfructosan (levan) specificity. The binding of every IDA to the ABPC48 idiotype can be completely inhibited by levan molecules, but at different concentrations. Mutual inhibition assays between the IDA made it possible to define six groups of IDA which bind at least three different idiotopes of ABPC48.Sixteen IDA have been studied by means of mouse anti‐anti‐idiotypic antibodies (Ab3) directed against two of them, IDA3 and IDA10. Anti‐IDA3 Ab3 recognize idiotopes particular to IDA3 which are not found on other monoclonal anti‐idiotypic antibodies (Ab2). Anti‐IDA10 Ab3 cross‐reacts with several monoclonal Ab2, including Ab2 with different spectrotypes belonging or not to the same isotype and Ab2 with different specificities for the ABPC48 idiotype.Some IDA10 idiotopes are present in the polyclonal anti‐ABPC48 antibody response of BALB/c, A/J and CBA mice showing that they are recurrent and that their expression is not linked to a particular Igh‐C haplotype. In contrast, IDA3 idiotopes are not detected in the sam

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110903

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe experiments show that the phenomenon of regression, seen exclusively in Epstein‐Barr (EB) virus‐infected cultures of mononuclear cells from EB virus antibody‐positive donors, is mediated by cytotoxic T cells reactivatedin vitroand specifically recognizing an EB virus‐induced lymphocyte‐detected membrane antigen LYDMA. Thus, effector T cells from regressing cultures kill autologous EB virus‐transformed cells but not autologous pokeweed mitogen‐stimulated lymphoblasts nor any of a range of EB virus genome‐negative human hemopoietic cell lines (K562, HSB2, BJAB, EB4) particularly sensitive to nonspecific natural killer‐like activities. Moreover, these reactivated effector cells exhibit classical HLA restriction of target cell recognition; in a survey of 14 effector cell donors, preferential lysis of the autologous virus‐transformed line was a consistent feature, while the relative degree of lysis of allogeneic lines was in general directly related to the number of HLA‐A and B antigens shared between effector and target cells. The pattern of reactivity shown by effector T cell preparations from any one donor was strikingly reproducible, and the results from a number of donors revealed differences between particular HLA‐A and B antigens with respect to the level of EB virus‐specific killing which was associated with sharing t

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110904

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies specifically binding common determinants on all HLA‐A, B and C antigen molecules blocked the lysis of EB virus‐transformed target cells by EB virus‐specific cytotoxic T cells reactivatedin vitro.Blocking was mediated through binding of the antibodies to the target rather than to the effector cells and was maximal (75 to 85% inhibition of lysis) at saturating antibody concentrations. A similar blocking effect was also shown by a monoclonal antibody binding to β2‐microglobulin, a molecule physically associated with HLA‐A, B and C antigens on the target cell surface, but not by a monoclonal antibody binding to the non‐HLA‐associated leukocyte‐common antigen. Saturating concentrations of monoclonal antibodies specific for common determinants on all HLA‐DRw antigen molecules either had no effect at all upon EB virus‐specific T cell cytotoxicity or caused a slight, but nonspecific, inhibition. The results demonstrate unequivocally that HLA‐A, B and C antigens on the target cell surface are indeed the polymorphic elements which impose genetic restriction upon EB virus‐specific c

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110905

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study investigates the role of non‐H‐2 genes in controlling generation of the H‐2‐restricted, T cell‐mediated cytotoxic response against trinitrophenyl (TNP)‐modified syngeneic cells (TNP‐self). Spleen cells from C3H/He (H‐2k) or B10.BR (H‐2k) normal mice or from mice primed to TNPin vivoby skin painting with trinitro‐chlorobenzene were used (a) forin vitrosensitization to TNP‐self and (b) as a source of radioresistant helper cells for augmenting the TNP‐self cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response generated by normal syngeneic spleen cells. Although spleen cells from unprimed mice from these two strains exhibited a comparable CTL response in a primary culture, a strong difference was observed in a secondary CTL response afterin vivopriming. CTL activities generated in the secondary culture were much stronger in C3H/He than in B10.BR strains. This difference in the magnitude of secondary CTL responses was paralleled by generation of strong and weak helper cell activity in C3H/He and B10.BR, respectively. No detectable difference was observed between the two H‐2kstrains in the lysability of target cells and ability of stimulating cells to activate the primed unirradiated cells and radioresistant helper cells. This genetic difference detected in the H‐2khaplotype was also demonstrated in the H‐2bhaplotype, by using C3H.SW and C57BL/10 mice which bear non‐H‐2 background genes corresponding to C3H/He and B10.BR mice, respectively. These results indicate the existence of a control mechanism influenced by non‐H‐2 genes, in addition to th

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110906

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA characteristic of thein vivoresponses to T‐dependent antigens is the highly restricted expression of Ig heavy chain classes of both the antibody and nonspecific Ig produced. To investigate the cellular interactions which regulate expression of Ig class, sheep red blood cell‐ and keyhole limpet hemocyanin‐primed BALB/c T cells were testedin vitrofor their ability to induce normal BALB/c B cells to selective Ig secretion. The results, based initially on linear regression analysis, indicate that while the production of IgM required help from a single antigen‐specific helper cell, additional signals from a second pool of helper cells were necessary for the expression of IgG isotypes. The greatly diminished ability of primed T cells from mice suppressed from birth for IgM production to induce IgG responses indicated that the generation of this second class‐regulating T cell pool requires the presence of Ig, probably B cell‐presented, during the period of priming.Based on the present data, secretion of IgG by normal B cells can be explained by invoking the requirement for a second pool of helper T cells which recognize Ig determinants, in contrast to the I region recognition known to exist for effective help by the first helper cell. In addition, it is proposed that in the absence of such a second signal only IgM secretion

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110907

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe uptake by murine macrophages of liposomes, exhibiting one of a variety of haptenic groups on their surfaces, was greatly enhanced by the addition of an intact antibody or a lectin specific for the incorporated hapten. The uptake of untreated liposomes was slow and linear over long periods, whereas upon addition of the antibody or lectin, over 30‐fold increase in the maximal rate of uptake was observed. The process reached a plateau after 90–120 min. The interaction of the antibody‐ or lectintreated liposome with the macrophages apparently resulted in an active endocytosis of the vesicles. As observed by fluorescence microscopy, the distribution of a water‐soluble fluorescent, intraliposomal marker had a granular intracellular pattern in treated cells. The uptake was sensitive to azide and the liposome constituents could not be detected at the cell surface. The size of the liposomes as well as the state of stimulation of the macrophages (thioglycollate stimulatedvs.normal) did not seem to have a major effect on the phagocytic process. The time required to reach the plateau in uptake was independent of liposome composition or antibody concentration and is, apparently, an intrinsic property of the cells. The implication of this phenomenon on the dynamics of the relevant macrophage receptors is di

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110908

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of X‐irradiation were studied on the Mexican axolotl antibody synthesis. To reduce the anti‐horse red blood cell (HRBC) antibody titers, 150 rd and smaller doses are ineffective, 200–450 rd are increasingly effective, and 700 rd are maximally effective (and lethal). A significant enhancement of the anti‐HRBC titers was observed in low doses (50–150 rd X‐irradiated animals). This enhancement was also observed when a low X‐ray dose was applied only on the thymic areas. In whole body, but thymus area‐shielded, 100 rd X‐irradiated animals, the anti‐HRBC titers were similar to those of the nonirradiated, HRBC‐immunized control group. To explain these phenomena, it is suggested that a radiosensitive, adult thymectomy‐sensitive and hydrocortisone‐sensitive suppressor T cell subpopulation regulates the antibody

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110909

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA monoclonal anti‐human Ia antibody, PTF 29, was tested for its ability to bind purified,125I‐labeled human Ia preparations. It was found that the binding level increases considerably in the presence of a second monoclonal antibody.Experimental conditions were selected under which only the binding of PTF 29 and not the binding of the second antibody could be determined. Under these conditions, it was found that “helped” PTF 29 binding has higher affinity and is exerted on a molecular subset different from that bound by PTF 29 alone.This phenomenon, while not easily accommodated in the present conceptual framework of the human Ia system, appears in itself interesting and may have more general impli

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110910

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe number of alloreactive helper T lymphocytes (HTL) which cooperate with cytolytic T lymphocytes have been quantified in a sensitive limit dilution system. Approximately 1 in 330 splenic T lymphocytes developed helper activity in response to alloantigen of a single haplotype. Most HTL appeared to cooperate nonspecifically with the cytolytic cells. A significant number of alloreactive HTL precursors recognized H‐2 K or D alloantigen, but roughly 6‐fold more HTL precursors responded to H‐2 I, and roughly 20‐fold more responded to non‐H‐2, presumably Mls, alloantigen. These results support the hypothesis that alloantigen encoded by the H‐2 I and non‐H‐2 Mls regions preferentially stimulate helper T lymphocytes while alloantigens encoded by the H‐2 K and D regions preferentially stimulate cyto

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830110911

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY