摘要:

AbstractH‐2 alloantisera have been previously reported to contain antibodies against murine leukemia viral antigens, but the nature of the viral antigens on mouse cells which interact with these antibodies has not been established. We have found that H‐2 alloantisera recognize components of molecular weight 70 000 – 80 000 on mouse lymphocytes and leukemia cells. These components were also detected by a goat antiserum against the murine leukemia virus (MuLV) glycoprotein (gp70) and are therefore closely related to or identical with that viral protein.Although most H‐2 alloantisera detected gp70‐like molecules on lymphocytes and leukemia cells from a great variety of mouse strains, only one H‐2 alloantiserum was found to interact with a gp70 component on cells from C57BL/10 and C57BL/6 mice. Animals such as C57BL/10 mice that lacked the component reacting with most H‐2 alloantisera showed increased serum levels of anti‐MuLV antibodies after injection of B10.A spleen cells having a gp70 component detectable by other H‐2 alloantisera. In contrast, strains with cells reactive to antiviral antibodies in the H‐2 alloantisera had low responses to MuLV antigens after a similar immunization procedure. Serum levels of anti‐MuLV antibodies in both groups of mice, however, were increased after injection of Freund's adjuvant. These observations suggest that anti‐MuLV antibodies in mouse alloantisera may arise from a response to viral antigens on the immunizing cells and general stimulati

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060902

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe immunological properties of a naturally‐occurring double‐stranded ribonucleic acid (ds‐RNA), obtained from a mycophage ofPenicillium chrysogenum, have been studied in relation to molecular size. Materials of reduced size, as reflected by molecular weight measurements, produced by ultrasonication of native ds‐RNA, exhibited progressively lowered ability to induce an anti‐ds‐RNA response in mice. Adjuvant and immunosuppressive activities were of similar magnitude in both high and low molecular weight fractions. Evidence was also obtained of increased toxicity in materials of r

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060903

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrimary virus‐induced murine leukemias and transplantable leukemic cell lines, originally induced by virus, chemical or physical agents, failed to stimulate normal spleen cells differing at the H‐2 complex or at M1s locus in the one‐way mixed leukocyte culture. Lack of stimulation seems at least partially due to a nonspecific inhibitory effect since in a “three‐party” culture system the leukemic cells interfered with the mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR) of normal allogeneic cells. Characterization of the leukemic cell populations used, according to their T or B cell origin, disclosed that in most cases T cell markers were present. Also, no Ia antigens were detected on leukemic cells. Furthermore, using a51Cr release assay, leukemic cells could sensitize allogeneic normal lymphocytes to kill specifically normal as well as leukemic targets, even when no MLR was detected in parall

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060904

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn previous publications it was shown by avidity measurements, cross‐reactivity patterns and genetic analyses, that the tetrapeptide T‐T‐G‐G is the immunodominant epitope of the synthetic polypeptide (T, G)‐A–L. In the present study this close immunological relationship between the random multichain copolymer (T, G)‐A–L and the ordered analogue (T‐T‐G‐G)‐A–L is extended by two additional criteria. First, the immune response against (T‐T‐G‐G)‐A–L in H‐2knonresponder mouse strains can be reconstituted to high antibody levels by complexing this antigen to methylated bovine serum albumin, as was tested earlier for (T, G)‐A–L. The antibodies elicited upon reconstitution in both antigenic systems are directed mainly against the same determinant, T‐T‐G‐G. Second, isoelectric focusing analysis of specific antisera developed with radiolabeled antigen revealed restricted 7 S IgG antibody populations in high responder and reconstituted high and low responder mice. The spectra were found to be of similar complexity in the (T, G)‐A–L and in the (T‐T‐G‐G)‐A–L system. From these data it was concluded that the repertoires of specific B cells to T‐T‐G‐G are very similar in high and low responder strains, and the defect in the H‐2klow res

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060905

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn antigenic determinant of the VHIIIvariable region subgroup was defined by means of a heterologous specific antiserum using a hemagglutination inhibition procedure. The specificity of this antiserum was established in inhibition experiments with proteins either of known primary structure or belonging to a definite VHsubgroup.A series of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD monoclonal proteins was examined for the presence of this VHIIIsubgroup antigenic determinant. The data showed that 50% of the IgG, 62% of the IgA, 55 % of the IgM and 41% of the IgD were VHIII‐positive, and that certain “blocked” monoclonal immunoglobulins belonged to this subgroup. A preferential association of the VHIIIantigenic determinant with the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses was observed among IgG myeloma proteins while the preferential association was only observed with the JgG1 subclass when anti‐Rh antibodies were studied. The VHIIIsubgroup exhibited nonallelic b

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060906

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInfection of H‐2‐identical mice with either lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus, vaccinia virus, or paramyxo (Sendai) virus resulted in the generation of specifically sensitized cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). CTL generatedin vitroagainst 2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl (TNP)‐conjugated syngeneic stimulator cells were specifically cytotoxic for TNP‐conjugated H‐2K(D) region identical targets. Both LCM and vaccinia‐induced CTL, however, were found to be strongly cytotoxic towards TNP‐conjugated, H‐2K(D) region‐identical target cells. In contrast, Sendai virus‐induced CTL did not lyse TNP‐conjugated, syngeneic target cells. Inhibition experiments using cold targets suggested that shared antigenic determinants can be detected on either LCM virus‐infected and TNP‐conjugated targets, which are not present on the cell sur

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060907

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe functional half‐life, a measure of the persistence of lymphocytes in an antigen‐free environment, has been estimated and found to be about 7 days for virgin 2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl (TNP)‐reactive mouse B cells, and 2–3 times longer for TNP‐primed B cells. Using allotype‐congenic mice, lymph node cells were transferred from virgin or primed CBA/Igbdonors to normal CBA/Igarecipients, and the proportion of donor B cells estimated at intervals. This was done by making a further transfer to irradiated recipients and challenging with a TNP conjugate. The donor contribution declined with time in approximately exponential fashion to give the functional half‐life. The experiment with primed cells necessitated mixing them with virgin cells, and thus allowed the possibility of interactions. However, control experiments showed that, at least in the final transfer, the primed cell response was not decreased by the presence of excess virgin cells ‐ although primed cells suppressed virgin cells. In other experiments where the intermediate hosts were treated with vinblastine, it was shown that primed B cells have a slower turnover rate than virgin B cells. The relevance of these results to the problem of B cell toler

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060908

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have studied the relationship between the determinants encountered by T cells on an antigenic molecule and the specificities of the antibodies eventually produced by the B cells with which these T cells cooperate. The number of epitopes on the hen lysozyme (HEL) molecule available to T cell receptors was functionally limited by inducing T cell tolerance to HEL in rabbits. Highly cross‐reactive lysozymes were then used to challenge the HEL‐unresponsive rabbits. Only T cells which recognize new epitopes on the challenge lysozymes could act as helpers in generating an anti‐lysozyme response.Amino acid differences between Japanese quail lysozyme (JEL) and HEL are segregated within a single quadrant of this small antigen molecule. HEL‐tolerant rabbits challenged with JEL produced antibodies which were totally cross‐reactive with the tolerogen HEL. This result is in contrast to the result obtained in nontolerant rabbits which produced antibodies to JEL which were only 50–70 % cross‐reactive with HEL. We conclude that T cells restricted to the JEL‐unique epitopes were only capable of cooperating with B cells specific for common epitopes shared between JEL and the tolerogen HEL. Turkey lysozyme (TEL), on the other hand, bears different amino acids which are distributed over several regions on the surface of the molecule. Any one HEL‐tolerant rabbit developed a restricted response to TEL; in some rabbits the anti‐TEL was highly HEL cross‐reactive, while in others little cross‐reactivity with HEL was observed. Each of four HEL‐tolerant rabbits injected with the minimally altered bob‐white quail lysozyme possessed the reactive T cells necessary to mount a limited response to this challenge lysozyme, suggesting a diverse library of T cell specificities. Recognition of the small differences between the challenge lysozymes and the tolerogen HEL required the T cells of these tolerant rabbits to make a fine discrimination between

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060909

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe induction of B cell tolerance to 2,4‐dinitrophenyl conjugates of polysaccharide antigens (levan or dextran) was studied in mice primed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or 2,4,6‐trinitrophenylated KLH. The relationship of the epitope density of the tolerogen with avidity of B cell receptors (as judged indirectly by a plaque inhibition assay) was investigated. It was found that high avidity precursors (IgG) were tolerized by antigen of much lower epitope density, and at lower concentration, than were low avidity precursors (especially IgM cells). IgA cells were intermediate in behavior. These results suggest that the epitope density effect acts by ensuring a necessary degree and/or energy of antigen bind

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060910

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThein vivoadjuvant effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice was investigated with the soluble synthetic polypeptide antigen (T, G)‐A–L, the antibody response to which is determined by the Ir‐1A gene. With this specific antigen it can be demonstrated that the LPS adjuvant effect has the following modes of action: a) a T cell‐independent enhancement of primary and secondary IgM antibody response; b) a T cell‐dependent enhancement of IgG secondary antibody response; and c) a T cell‐dependent induction of switchover from IgM to IgG antibody in some strains of Ir‐1A low responders. Although T cells are necessary for some aspects of the adjuvant effect, these data do not distinguish between a mechanism involving a direct interaction between LPS and T cells or a direct interaction of LPS and B cells with a general requirement for T cells for expression of

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830060911

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY