摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of idiotype‐positive plaques in mice of various strains injected with T‐independent (TI) and T‐dependent conjugates of p‐azobenzenearsonate (Ars) has been investigated. With maturation of the responses there is a progressive loss of dominance of the major cross‐reactive idiotype (CRI) in A/J and C.AL‐20 mice. The extremes are represented by the predominantly CRI+IgM plaque response to a single injection of the TI antigen, Ars‐coupledBrucellaorganisms (Ars‐Br), and the low frequency of CRI+plaques in the polyisotypic response elicited by Ars‐KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) in adjuvant. The secondary response to Ars‐Br was characterized by an intermediate display of idiotype‐positive plaques in IgM, the IgG subclasses and IgA. Detailed analyses of the distribution of CRI+plaques between isotypes in 60 mice hyperimmunized with Ars‐KLH revealed that the expression of idiotype in any of the IgG subclasses and IgA was constant and independent. This is interpreted to indicate random assembly of VHwith Cγ and Cα genes during the switch.BALB/c and C3H mice also express a predominant idiotype during primary and secondary responses to Ars‐Br as detected by our heterologous anti‐A/J CRI serum. These strains only very rarely maintain the idiotype after hyperimmunization with Ars‐KLH. We conclude that hyperimmune responses which probably involve multiple modes of regulation give a poor indication of

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120302

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMembrane immunoglobulin (Ig) on B cells plays a role in specifically focusing antigen onto the cell surface. An unresolved question is whether the Ig receptor itself has the capacity to deliver a signal to the B cell, and if so what is the mechanism of that signal. To explore these questions we have developed a monoclonal rat anti‐mouse μ chain antibody (E4). In this study it is shown that protein A‐Sepharose‐purified monoclonal anti‐μ chain antibody inhibits proliferation of normal B cellsin vitroeven at the single cell level. This effect was independent of Fc receptor interactions. Furthermore, E4 was shown to inhibit lipopolysaccharide‐induced mitogenesis. These results provide evidence that interaction of antibody with only a single determinant on the Ig receptor can deliver a negative signal to

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120303

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ontogeny of mixed lymphocyte reaction and cell‐mediated lymphocytotoxicity (CML) responsiveness was studied in mice that had been neonatally tolerized by the injection of 15 × 106semiallogeneic bone marrow and spleen cells, and compared to that of unprimed littermates. Spleen cells from primed mice did not develop reactivity towards the tolerizing antigen but did develop reactivity towards third‐party alloantigens. Similarily, thymus cells from primed mice also failed to develop CML reactivity towards the tolerizing antigen. Thymus cell mixed lymphocyte reactivity, which was demonstrable in neonates before the tolerizing injection, declined rapidly between 2 and 4 days of age, compared to that of controls. Thus neonatal tolerance was shown to operate at least at a thymic, and perhaps pre‐thymic level; measurement of the levels of chimeric cells in the thymus and bone marrow favored the latter interpre

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120304

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe apparent switch in proliferative T cell reactivity which occurred in a B10 T cell line (B10(T4)) repeatedly stimulated with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (hapten)‐treated syngeneic cells is described. This functionally heterogenous T cell population, apparently depleted of alloreactivity and strictly dependent on cells expressing syngeneic I‐A and the hapten for its propagation, lost, after its 10th restimulation, the previously detected T cell functions, and expressed a new pattern of proliferative reactivity; this pattern included reactivity to self‐I‐A plus hapten as well as to untreated stimulating cells expressing certain allogeneic determinants. Analysis of reactivity of B10(T4) cells grown under limiting dilution conditions and of five clones of cells derived from B10(T4) indicated that the same T cells were reactive to both self‐I‐A plus hapten, and to a public I‐A‐mapped alloantigen possibly related to the serologically defined I

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120305

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this study, the precursor frequency, relationship and activity of murine splenic cytotoxic and immune interferon (IFN‐γ)‐producing cells has been determined. C57BL/6 spleen cells were activated by concanavalin A (Con A) and subsequently grown in microcultures under limiting dilution conditions. The progeny of cells plated in microcultures was divided and tested for (a) total cytotoxic activity on EL4 (H‐2b) tumor target cells in the presence of Con A to nonspecifically attach the killer to the target cells, and (b) the quantity of IFN‐γ released by Con A stimulation.Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and IFN‐γ producing cells were present in Con A‐activated C57BLi6 spleen cells at a high frequency of approximately 1 out of 3 and 1 out of 2 cells, respectively. IFN‐γ could be released from both noncytotoxic and a large fraction of cytotoxic T cells and the cytotoxic activity was not necessarily associated with IFN‐γ release. In a few selected cultures with a progeny of cells plated at a low cell number (up to 10/well) very high IFN‐γ titers (>10000 U/ml) could be found. These results provide the first frequency estimate of IFN‐producing cells and are discussed with respect to the physiological role of I

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120306

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe B6.C‐H‐2bm12has been examined serologically with a new set of reagents and several complementation studies were performed to determine the extent of the mutation. The results show that: (a) the mutation has also affected the site(s) bound by xenogeneic anti‐Ia antibodies; (b) the IJbregion was not affected; (c) complementation studies with stains bearing a, b, d, k and s haplotypes did not complement bm12 for the expression of the lost I‐Abspecificities, suggesting a structural (rather than regulatory) gene alteration in bm12; (d) H‐2 haplotypes b and bm12 could complement d to establish the Ia.22 specificity, indicating that Ia‐1 and Acare separate genes in the I‐A subregion In addition, an antibody to the gained specificity on bm12

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120307

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnti‐phenyloxazolone (phOx) antibodies of different AVN rats (primary response) share several isoelectric focusing bands. These bands were not shared by antibodies of some other rat strains, including DA. An anti‐idiotype reagent was prepared (in rabbits) that bound radioactive anti‐phOx antibodies of AVN rats but not normal AVN immunoglobulin. This binding was strongly inhibited by AVN anti‐phOx anti‐sera, but not by AVN anti‐BOC‐p‐azobenzene arsonate‐tyrosine antisera or DA anti‐phOx antisera. Anti‐phOx antisera of (AVN x D A)F1rats were also strongly inhibitory indicating the presence of the idiotype (Ox‐r1). Antisera of backcross rats (AVN x DA) x DA either resembled F1hybrid sera (31 rats) or DA sera (23 rats). The data suggest that the presence of idiotype Ox‐r1 is controlled by one gene, or genes linked to each other. The gene(s) is not linked to the Ig kappa chain locus. It may be a

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120308

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe polypeptide composition of HLA‐DR‐associated antigens was analyzed by two‐dimensional nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis (NEPHGE)/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Glycoprotein fractions from B lymphoblastoid cell lines homozygous for the DR antigen were used as antigen source. The HLA‐DR‐associated antigens were isolated by immunoprecipitation using a monoclonal anti‐DR antibody, TDR31.1. Two polypeptides corresponding in molecular weight to the HLA‐DR‐associated antigen β chain were detected. These polypeptides were shown to be different molecules on the basis of their separation on NEPHGE/SDS‐PAGE analysis, their rates of turnover relative to the other polypeptides of the HLA‐DR‐associated antigens, and their noncoordinate alteration in position on NEPHGE/SDS‐PAGE two‐dimensional analysis of different cell lines. Of the two β polypeptides, only one was invariant in position on NEPHGE/SDS‐FAGE analyses of cell lines homozygous for the same DR specificity. It appears therefore that the position of one of these β polypeptides correlates with DR specificity, while the other β polypeptide exhibits positional variation on NEPHGE/SDS‐PAGE analysis, indicative of polymorphism

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120309

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUnstimulated human peripheral lymphocytes were cytotoxic for normal mouse spleen cells and suppressed thein vitroantibody plaque‐forming cell (PFC) response of these cells to sheep red blood cells and dinitrophenylated Ficoll. The cells in the lymphocyte population that were responsible for the immunosuppression had properties of natural killer (NK) or NK‐like cells in that they were: (a) non‐E‐rosetting, (b) nonadherent, (c) unaffected by treatment with anti‐human immunoglobulin plus complement, (d) cytotoxic against an established human NK target, K562 leukemic cells, and (e) partially inactivated by mitomycin C. Addition of the human NK‐like cells to mouse spleen cell cultures at the time of antigen addition and at an effector cell to target cell ratio as low as 0.67:1 resulted in 85 to 96% suppression of the PFC response. Addition of NK‐like cells to cultures 18 h before harvesting in 5‐day cultures required higher concentrations and ratios (2.7 : 1) of effector to target cells to significantly suppress the PFC response. The data suggest that human NK‐like activity in suppression of the mouse PFC response is due to killing of the targets. The mouse spleen cell PFC system represents a potential model for assessment of human NK activity that is quite dramatic in its effect and can be used in addition to the well known51Cr‐release assay. Also, since the mouse spleen cell is a normal cell, it provides a model in the PFC system for studying the mechanism of NK regulation of normal cellular function. An additional finding of this study was the observation that E‐rosetting T cells significanty enhanced the mouse PFC response. Thus, human peripheral lymphocytes contain discrete cellular populations that either enhance or suppress t

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120310

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEight monoclonal antibodies from mouse hybridomas raised to normal human erythrocytes were tested with a panel of null‐type erythrocytes, enzyme‐treated normal cells, and by inhibition with human erythrocyte sialoglycoproteins. Two antibodies reacted poorly or not at all with RhNULLcells. These antibodies are of considerable interest since it may be possible to use them to elucidate the chemical nature of the antigens of the Rhesus blood group system. Four other antibodies were inhibited by sialoglycopfotein preparations. The antigens recognized were, respectively, two different determinants on the major sialoglycoprotein α (glycophorin A) and one determinant which is probably common to sialoglycoproteins α and δ (glycophorins A and B). Another antibody had anti‐Wrbspecificity. One of these antibodies is of considerable potential value for the further characterization of erythrocyte sialoglyco

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830120311

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY