ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151202

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe activity of purified interleukin 2 (IL2), obtained by the recombinant DNA technology, on the proliferative response of human B cells stimulated with low concentrations of anti‐μ antibody was investigated. Recombinant IL2 was capable of augmenting the proliferative response of anti‐μ‐activated B cells and the T cell activation (Tac) antigen was expressed on a substantial proportion of normal B cells stimulated with anti‐μ antibody. However, crude supernatants from protein A‐stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which were found to possess both IL2 and B cell growth factor (BCGF) activities, maintained the ability to promote proliferation of anti‐μ‐ activated B cells after depletion of IL2. In addition, supernatants from some T cell clones, apparently free of IL2 activity, displayed strong BCGF activity in the costimulation assay with anti‐μ antibody. This BCGF activity was found in 25 kDa fractions by gel filtration and it was unaffected by addition to the cultures of anti‐Tac antibody, which consistently inhibited the B cell proliferative response promoted by recombinant IL2.The proliferative response of anti‐μ‐activated B cells to clonal, IL2‐free supernatants containing BCGF and recombinant IL2 present together from the beginning of culture was close to the sum of responses to the two stimulants, separately. In addition, the presence of clonal supernatant containing BCGF from the beginning of culture had a synergistic effect in the response of activated B cells to the subsequent addition of IL2, whereas the initial presence of IL2 had no such an effect on the reactivity of anti‐μ‐stimulated B cells to the late addition of clonal supernatant containing BCGF. The synergistic effect of BCGF in the IL2‐promoted B cell proliferation was probably the result of the recruitment of a greater number of IL2‐reactive B cells. In fact, the number of Tac‐positive cells was significantly higher in 36‐h cultures established in the presence of anti‐μ antibody plus clonal supernatant containing BCGF than in cultures stimulated with anti‐μ antibody alone.Taken together, these data indicate that anti‐μ antibody promotes the expression by normal human B cells of distinct receptors for IL2 and a BCGF distinct from IL2. They also suggest that BCGF can exert a synergistic effect in

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151203

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have previously described antibody 9.3 which recognizes a 44‐kDa polypeptide designated Tp44 expressed on 70‐80% of peripheral blood T cells, including nearly all CD4+cells and some CD8+cells. Whereas the 9.3+population contains helper cells, cytotoxic T cell precursors and cytotoxic T cell effectors, the 9.3−population has been reported in several models to contain precursors for suppressor cells. In this report, we demonstrate that 9.3−lymphocytes express CD11, an antigen which is also present on monocytes and granulocytes. Among lymphoid cells, Tp44 and CD 11 represent markers that identify reciprocal, nonoverlapping subsets, each of which contains both CD8+cells and CD4+cells. With Tp44 and CD11, and CD4 and CDS, the development and function of T cells can thus be examined within the framework of two distinct systems of reciprocally expressed a

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151204

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe study of the immunology of schistosomiasis has allowed a clear understanding of the basic mechanisms of resistance, emphasizing the important role played by cellular and humoral factors. Whereas the production of polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies and the precise inventory of immune effector mechanisms in the rat and in man have led to the identification of potentially protective antigens, immunization with soluble schistosome components has not allowed a successful control of the destruction of schistosomula after infection. The experiments reported here show that schistosomulum‐released products (SRP) were able to induce the production of antibodies, in the rat and the monkey, highly cytotoxic in antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity, using monocyte monolayers, platelets or eosinophils as effector cells. The immunization of rats with either total SRP or 25‐30‐kDa molecules purified from schistosomula conferred a significant protection towards a challenge infection by the parasite. IgE and to a lesser extent IgG antibodies represented the major humoral factors of cell activation leading to the schistosomulum killing when anti‐SRP antisera, obtained after immunization of the monkey, were incubated with human effec

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151205

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe murine monoclonal antibody F23.1 reacts with an allotypic determinant on the T cell receptors of about 25% of peripheral T lymphocytes in most common mouse strains. In this report we demonstrate that this IgG2, antibody bound to the receptor of a cytotoxic effector T cell can direct that cell to lyse any target cell which expresses receptors for IgG2,. Thus, allotype‐positive, Lyt‐2′ T lymphocytes from either concanavalin A‐ or F23.1‐activated cell cultures are recruited as cytotoxic effector cells which lyse targets via the Fc receptor. Concanavalin A‐induced T cell blasts depleted of Lyt‐2′ cells do not mediate cytotoxic effects in this system. The data presented here confirm earlier observations that monoclonal anti‐T cell receptor antibodies attached to the surface of a cell can act as target structures for T ce

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151206

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA previously described pig insulin (Pl)‐specific T cell line of (B10 × B10.BR)F1origin was assayed for its reactivity with species variants of insulin in the presence of antigenpresenting cells (APC) of various H‐2 haplotypes. In addition to its reactivity with PI and bovine insulin (BI) in the context of syngeneic F1(H‐2bxk)‐APC, a weak crossreactivity was observed with parental B10 (H‐2b)‐APC and BI but not PI. The crossreactive cells could be selected out by several restimulations with the combination of BI and B10‐APC. From the resulting, strongly cross‐reactive T cell line several interleukin 2‐dependent sublines were developed which did not require antigen‐specific restimulations for further propagation. All such sublines had retained the original cross‐reactivity with BI and B10‐APC but showed significant differences in their fine specificity patterns, which indicates that each subline represents a clonal population. One of the sublines was cloned by limiting dilution at one cell/culture with a cloning efficiency of 76%. Five of the clones that were tested for reactivity had the same cross‐reactivity as the original subline and upon recloning at 0.1 cells/culture the pattern again remained unchanged. From an analysis of the two antigen combinations (PI/F1and BI/B10) it can be concluded that single cells can react with different restriction elements in the context of distinct epitopes of insulin. The implications of this finding for the mechanism of T cell recognition are discussed and a model for the function of major histocompatibility complex molecules in T ce

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151207

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution of DQ as well as DR antigens was examined on lymphoid and monocytic cells at different stages of differentiation. In the B cell series, both immature and differentiating (underStaphylococcus aureusor pokeweed mitogen stimulation) B cells often lacked DQ molecules; among surface IgM+and IgD+cells, both DQ and DR molecules were detected except on cells from 30% of the lymphoid malignancies studied. T cells expressed DQ molecules only after stimulation; a DQ−DR+phenotype was observed in a large number of cells after allogeneic stimulation, in certain antigen‐specific T cell lines as well as in T cell lymphomas, suggesting that class II antigens had a distinct pattern of regulation. In the monocytic lineage, DQ molecules were expressed by most lymph node monocytes and only a low percentage (20%) of circulating monocy

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151208

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe role of L3T4+and Lyt‐2+cells in the induction of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) after stimulation with trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS)‐treated syngeneic cells, or with cells differing for the entire major histocompatibility complex or for class I molecules alone was investigated using anti‐L3T4 and anti‐Lyt‐2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Anti‐L3T4 mAb inhibited both induction of CTL and interleukin 2 (IL2) production by T cells stimulated with allogeneic (class I + class II differences) or by TNBS‐treated syngeneic cells. In the same culture conditions, anti‐Lyt‐2 mAb inhibited CTL induction but had no effect on IL2 production. By contrast, only anti‐Lyt‐2 mAb inhibited both CTL induction and IL2 production when T cells were stimulated by allogeneic cells differing only for class I antigens. Anti‐L3T4 mAb had no inhibitory effect in this situation.These results indicate that two helper pathways can be activated, depending on the type of T cell stimulation: one, implicating L3T4+cells, is used when stimulation involves class I and class II alloantigens or hapten on syngeneic cells; the other, involving Lyt‐2+T cells, is preferentially stimulated when responding and stimulating cells differ only for class I major histocomp

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151209

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstractgp140, previously identified as a 140‐kDa C3b‐binding membrane glycoprotein present on Raji cell surface, was shown to be the C3dg/C3d receptor of B lymphocytes (CR2). Specific polyclonal anti‐gpl40, prepared by immunizing rabbits with this highly purified C3 receptor, blocked Raji cell rosettes with EC3b, EC3bi, EC3dg and EC3d, and also blocked normal lymphocyte rosettes with EC3dg and EC3d without affecting CR1 or CR3 activity. Moreover, a monoclonal anti‐C3 (C3b/#130), described by others as reacting with the d region highly expressed on ECSbi, EC3dg and EC3d and poorly exposed on EC3b, completely inhibited EC3bi, EC3dg and EC3d rosettes with Raji cells, but had no effect on EC3b rosettes. Treatment of Raji cells with rabbit anti‐gp140 blocked the uptake of three125I‐labeled monoclonal antibodies anti‐B2, HB‐5 and OKB7 reported to react with C3d‐binding proteins, indicating that each of these monoclonal antibodies recognizes epitopes present on gp140.The neutrophil C3dg receptor was examined to determine its relationship to lymphocyte CR2. While neutrophil rosettes with EC3d were undetectable, a specificity for C3d was suggested by the inhibition of EC3dg rosettes by fluid phase C3d‐complexes bearing no detectable C3dg. However, such neutrophil EC3dg and EC3bi rosettes were not inhibited by rabbit anti‐gp140 nor an excess of anti‐CRl, anti‐CR2, and anti‐CR3. In addition, neutrophils did not bind125I‐labeled anti‐gp140, anti‐B2, or HB‐5. Thus, the neutrophil C3dg receptor is distinct from gp140, the lymphocyt

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151210

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPriming with the T‐dependent antigen trinitrophenylated horse red blood cells led to an oscillatory response of plaque‐forming cells (PFC) with peaks of response after 4, 8, 12 and 16 days. Limiting dilution (LD) analysis of regulatory T cells indicated that the response is partly due to activation of helper T cells (Th), but mainly is the result of release from suppression by activation of a third regulatory T cell (T3) population (Zöller, H. and Andrighetto, G.,Immunology1985.55: 703). Priming resulted in consecutive activation of suppressor T cells (Ts; day 1‐3), a population regulating Ts(T3; day 2‐4) and of Th(day 4). Furthermore, regulatory elements displayed a cyclical behavior like PFC. Thand T3oscillated within a period of 4 days in phase with PFC, while Tsoscillated phase‐shifted to PFC, Thand T3. Hence, oscillation of PFC after priming with a T‐dependent antigen is the result of interactions among regulatory T cells.The data are interpreted as follows. Thare theprimum movensof the oscillatory behavior of PFC response, since Thoscillate in phase with PFC and display the same pattern of decreasing amplitudes as PFC. However, the basic regulatory elements are Tsand T3which are interlinked and oscillate phase shifted. As revealed by the time‐ course analysis of LD curves, T3function as suppressor cells for Ts. Hence the status of mutual interactions of Tsand T3determines suppression of Thor release from suppression,i.e.when T3are found at high frequencies, Thare released from suppression, since T3suppresses Ts. Instead, the increase in the frequency of Tsand their predation on Thdetermine the decrease of the frequency of Th. Thus, these data support the hypothesis of a circular network, the central regulatory core being composed of two elements, Tsand T3, with mutual suppre

ISSN:0014-2980    

DOI:10.1002/eji.1830151211

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY