摘要:

SUMMARYBorrelia queenslandica, n. sp., was isolated fromRattux villosissimusWaite in northwestern Queensland. It produced a relapsing type of infection, sensitive to antibiotics, in laboratory rats and mice. Immunity developed after primary infection in mice. Guinea‐pigs and young chickens resisted infection but the organism could be maintained in embryonnted eggs. A human volunteer inoculated with 75–100 millionB. queenslandicadid not become infected.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.29

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA virus (WM1‐B strain) was isolated from mice infected with the WM1 virus. It was filterable through a gradocol membrane of 320 mμ. A.P.D. and was sensitive to ether and to heating at 56°C. for 30 minutes.Macroscopic signs of infection in Q.I.M.R. mice were splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy. The leucocyte levels showed a marked increase, with mononuclear cells predominant. Erythroblasts were present in peripheral blood. Histologically, proliferation of reticulum cells was associated with erythropoiesis and was restricted mainly to spleen, liver and bone marrow, The virus persisted in the serum of infected mice. The mortality was almost 100 p.c.The WM1‐B virus was apparently a strain of Friend virus. It was neutralized by anti‐serum to Friend virus and the experimental disease it produced resembled that described with Friend virus.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.30

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA method is described for the isolation of eosinophils from the peritoneal cavity of the rat. Eosinophil granules were obtained from the isolated eosinophils. Lysis of eosinophil granules was found to be associated with the release from the granule of protein and peroxidase. The material released from eosinophil granules attached to foreign particles and the coated particles were readily ingested by mononuclear phagocytes.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.31

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYMacrophages obtained from mice 24 hours after injection of lipopolysaccharide extracted fromE. coli2206 have been shown to be more phagocytic and bactericidal for opsonizedE. coli2206 than are macrophages obtained from normal mice. This increased cellular resistance has been shown to be non‐specific since the bactericidal activity of these macrophages is also greater than that of normal cells againstSal. typhimuriumC5.A correlation has been shown between this increased cellular resistance and the increased metabolic activity of these cells. Changes in metabolic activities of the macrophages have been measured in terms of the enzyme acid phosphatase.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.32

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYDogs (18 female, 4 male) receiving subcutaneous depot injections of diethylstilboestrol at intervals of 4–6 weeks developed alopecia after 11 months. All areas except the head and distal parts of the legs were affected and the denuded skin became dry, scaly and excoriated. Microscopic changes were observed in all elements of the skin and the hair follicles were atrophic. The hair grew again 3–7 months after injections were stopped, and at necropsy 11–14½ months later the skin was histologically normal.Other findings included testicular atrophy, a high incidence of inguinal hernia, and endometrial hyperplasia which progressed to a cystic stage and eventually to pyometra. When injections were stopped the endometrium regenerated after an interval the duration of which was independent of the duration of treatment or of total dose administered, but may have been related to the time taken to deplete the residual depot.Treated dogs also showed an increase of pituitary acidophils and a reduction in basophils and chromophobes; these changes were reversed on hormone withdrawal.Generalized or focal atrophy of the pancreas occurred in four of the longer surviving dogs; this was regarded as a toxic effect of stilboestrol.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.33

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe Evans Blue dye technique has been used to determine the increase in capillary permeability in lungs of rats subjected to pure oxygen under pressure at 60 p.s.i. gauge (OHP). Considerable leakage of plasma during exposure to OHP was found. Haemoglobin in lung tissue also increased markedly during OHP treatment. Blood removed from the left ventricle showed an increase in the haematocrit value, red blood cell count and haemoglobin concentration after OHP. Of the amounts of fluids entering the lungs a total of 56 p.c. was attributable to plasma of which 18 p.c. represented a gain in blood volume. The remaining gain in weight of 44 p.c. was due to a protein‐free fluid. The sequence and relative amounts of fluids entering the lung are discussed.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.34

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSeveral species of bacteria have been tested for their sensitivity to the bactericidal action of both acidic conditions and mouse peritoneal macrophages, to see if there was any correlation between these two. It was found, on the contrary, that one of the most acid resistant strains ofLactobacillus bulgaricuswas as susceptible to killing by macrophages as a strain of V.choleraewhich was acutely acid sensitive.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.35

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYMethods for labelling antibody with iodine (131I) or sulphur (35S) are described. Starting with the cheapest radioactive compounds, the proposed techniques are simple enough to allow preparation of labelled antibody in any biological laboratory. The final product is serologically unaltered and thus suited to the study of immunologie interactions in dilute systems or in micro‐quantities.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.36

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe water content of rat‐liver slices increased from 70·0 p.c. to 75·6 p.c. when they were incubated in oxygen and to 79·3 p.c. when they were incubated in nitrogen. When slices which had become swollen during incubation in nitrogen were re‐incubated in small volumes of oxygenated media the slices lost water until they contained as much as slices incubated from the outset in oxygen.The density of a small volume of medium in which swollen slices had been re‐incubated in oxygen was less than that of a similar volume in which swollen slices had been re‐incubated in nitrogen (without losing water). The differences in density were not completely explained.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1962.37

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY