ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.41

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTissue culture monolayers of dissociated human and rat embryonic brains were examined by indirect immunofluorescence with human serum containing smooth muscle antibody. Flat, epithelioid cells showed staining of a fine, filamentous network in the cell body while multipolar cells showed diffuse cytoplasmic fluorescence of the cell body and processes. Both cell types were identified as glial cells by silver stains. Specificity of the immunofluoreseent staining reaction was established by failure to obtain staining with normal serum, with smooth muscle antibody serum neutralized by homogenates of smooth muscle or by extracts containing actin‐like protein derived from smooth muscle. Reactivity of embryonic glial cells with smooth muscle antibody indicates the presence of actin‐like proteins which are probably located in cytoplasmic microfilaments.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.42

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis study details methods of production, purification and testing of large volumes of uniformly potent, non‐toxic, anti‐human thymocyte globulin (ATG), Plasma from 70 goats immunised with human thymic lymphocytes was fractionated by ammonium sulphate precipitation to its IgG component. Contaminating antibodies were removed by absorption methods. After fractionation and absorption, ATG retained its ability to inhibit the formation of rosettes by human lymphocytes with sheep red blood cells. Antibodies to human glomerular basement membrane were not detected in any tested preparation. Tests performed on monkeys, mice and rabbits revealed low toxicity.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.43

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySartorius muscles from the green tree frogHyla ceruleawere set at variety of muscle lengths and fixed for electron microscopy using acrolein followed by osmium tetroxide. The sarcomere length,s, was determined in thick sections using laser‐diffraction, The Z‐disk lattice spacing,z, was measured in electron micrographs of thin sections From the same muscles. The Z‐disk lattice was found to expand as sarcomere length decreased such that the quantitysz2was constant at 1·05 × 106nm3for all sarcomere lengths in the range 1·9–2·9 μm. Thus, the sarcomere length dependency of the Z‐disk lattice is similar to that of the myosin filament lattice. The density of thin filaments per unit cross section of fibril leaving the Z‐disk is less than their density in the A band, Thus, fibrils have a smaller cross section in the I band, leaving more inter‐fibrillar space there. This may explain why more mitochondria and lipid droplets are located in the f bands than in the A bands. It is suggested that the Z‐disk may contribute to the short range elasticity of muscle fibres.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.44

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe glucose utilization, lactic and pyruvic acid production and oxygen uptake of normal andEperythrozoon ovisinfected sheep erythrocytes were measured under aerobic conditions. Infected cells showed marked increases in both glucose utilization and acid production as compared with controls. Uninfected erythrocyte samples which included a percentage of reticulocytes comparable to that found inE. ovisinfection showed no apparent difference in glucose utilization and lactic acid production from the normal control erythrocytes, although considerable increases in the oxygen uptake were recorded.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.45

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe collagenase activity has been compared in extracts of eosinophils and of neutrophils from peritoneal exudates in two groups of rats, one of which had been treated to augment the numbers of eosinophils and the other the numbers of neutrophils. The proportion of granulocytes to other cells in each preparation was increased by differential centrifugation over a continuous gradient.Collagenase was extracted from the fractions in which granulocytes were concentrated and the activity assayed by the radioactive fibril method.There was at least as much collagenase in the eosinophil‐enriched extracts as in the neutrophil‐enriched extracts.It is postulated that eosinophil collagenase may have a function in the remodelling of newly‐synthesised collagen during the post‐inflammatory phase of healing, since eosinophil leucocytes appear in significant numbers within the connective tissue during this phase. This suggests a different role for eosinophil collagenase than that for neutrophil collagenase, since neutrophils are present only in the early stages of inflammation, when collagen is being degraded.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.46

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe blood vessels in the rabbit ear have been used to investigate the effects of octapressin on vascular smooth muscle. Continuous administration of this drug resulted in tachyphylaxis. Cocaine enhanced the response of the ear to octapressin; however, this potentiation was not evident when phentolamine was concurrently added to the perfusate. Denervation and reserpinisation of the ear also eliminated the potentiation of octapressin's response by cocaine. The results suggest that there is a small, indirect sympathomimetic component involved in octapressin's action on the vasculature.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.47

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPrevious studies of saliva from engorged female cattle ticks revealed a component which induced contraction of some isolated smooth muscles. Fractionation and further characterisation have shown that this substance is of the “slow‐reacting” type, but that it is neither a bradykinin nor slow‐reacting substance of anaphylaxis. The substance is deactivated by incubation with 15‐hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and its pharmacological properties also support its classification as a prostaglandin. A second pharmacologically‐active component has now been found in the saliva but has not yet been characterised.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.48

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe Ord Valley of tropical Western Australia has been studied for arbovirus activity following the development of a man‐made lake of considerable size, a diversion dam and an irrigation scheme. Kununurra, the largest town in the valley, is the focus for very large populations of birds and mosquitoes. The irrigation areas have not been important as mosquito breeding areas because of the excessive use of insecticides. Lake Argyle does not support high mosquito or bird populations at present. However, this may change as the ecosystem stabilizes. The mosquito fauna of the Ord Valley is dominated byCulex annulirostris.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.49

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne hundred and thirty presumptive viruses have been isolated from 485 pools made from 23,872 mosquitoes collected in the Ord River area of North‐West Australia. One hundred and eleven of the virus isolates came from pools ofCulex annulirostris, the dominant mosquito species caught in the vicinity of Kununurra. Forty‐five of the viruses pathogenic for newborn mice have been further characterized‐19 as Flaviviruses, 1 Alphavirus, 9 Koongol, 1 Mapputta and 15 non‐haemagglutinating viruses of which 6 are Corriparta. Thirty‐seven isolates were fromCulex annulirostris. 7 fromAedeomyia catastictaand 1 fromAedes tremuls. All Corriparta isolates were fromAedeomyia catasticta. The Flaviviruses comprised 13 Kunjin and MVE isolates.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1976.50

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY