摘要:

The history of the Space Shuttle is reviewed and its principal features and uses are summarized. A personal viewpoint is adopted through several anaswers to the question: ’’What experiments would I do as a Space Shuttle passenger–user?’’

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569356

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569358

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569359

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569360

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) is a Shuttle‐transported, reusable, essentially passive facility with accommodations for a wide variety of experiments which require a free‐flying carrier for exposure in space. Specifically, the LDEF is tailored to provide low‐cost accomodations for experiments which have modest requirements for electrical power and data systems, and for experiments which benefit from postflight laboratory investigations with the retrieved experiment hardware. Each experiment for LDEF will be totally self‐contained in a tray. As the interface with the facility has been minimized, the LDEF experimenters will be freed from many of the requirements which have complicated development of space experiments in the past.

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569361

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569362

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The composition of the atmosphere within the planned orbital envelope of the Space Shuttle (200–1000 km) and the velocity necessary to maintain a stable orbit within that envelope (∠8 km s−1) provide unique conditions for forming a high‐purity, moderate energy beam (∠5 eV) of atomic oxygen. At 500 km for example, atomic oxygen comprises approximately 90% of the atmosphere with the remaining 10% being primarily helium. Since the mean thermal speed of the ambient atomic oxygen is substantially less than the orbital speed, a high‐purity beam can be generated by sweeping through the gas with a series of beam‐forming truncated conical shells. Further, molecular shielding provides a low‐density background inside the conical shells (∠103cm−3) within which the beam is formed. The characteristics of the beam, including energy distribution, flux, and purity variation with orbital altitude and methods for lowering the mean energy, are presented. The approach to forming the beam, the planned apparatus, modes of deployment (attached to the Shuttle or as a free flyer), operational capabilities, measurement capabilities, and attitude control requirements, are also discussed. Finally, a number of gas–surface interaction experiments that have been proposed for this laboratory are discussed.

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569363

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569364

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569365

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0022-5355    

DOI:10.1116/1.569366

出版商:American Vacuum Society    

年代:1977

数据来源: AIP