ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Essential tremor may not represent a single condition. Subclassifications include kinetic predominant tremor; combined resting-postural tremor; primary writing tremor; isolated voice, chin, or tongue tremor; and orthostatic truncal tremor. We report patients with these disorders. An association of these conditions with essential tremor is suggested by a high occurrence of a family history of essential tremor, frequent presence of a mild postural tremor, and tremor reduction with alcohol ingestion. Pharmacologic responsiveness is different for these disorders. Propranolol and primidone often have beneficial effects but clonazepam was the only drug effective in some cases of kinetic predominant tremor and in orthostatic truncal tremor. Combined resting-postural tremor and voice tremor were often unresponsive to treatment.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The contribution of acute physical exercise to the motor fluctuations occurring in advanced Parkinson's disease was studied in four patients using a standard treadmill protocol. With a constant optimal-dose intravenous levodopa infusion, no changes in plasma drug levels or antiparkinsonian response were observed during or for 60 min following a 35-min exercise period, during which the work load increased from minimal to vigorous. Although an effect of exercise on levodopa absorption from the gastrointestinal tract cannot be excluded, there seems to be no basis on which to implicate acute physical activity, at levels ordinarily experienced by parkinsonian patients, in the pathogenesis of the fluctuations in motor performance.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Interference of anticonvulsants with the metabolism of hormones may lead to side effects. Anticonvulsants influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, in that lowering of thyrotropin [thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)] and thyroxine levels is observed. In the present study, flunarizine, a calcium ion blocker, administered as add-on medication, further lowered serum thyroxine but not TSH. The underlying biochemical principle may be an interference with the mediation of signals by calcium-calmodulin at the level of the thyroid follicle.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case of a mentally retarded patient with sporadic paroxysmal dystonia, unresponsive to anticonvulsant therapy, is described. He had a longstanding history of neuroleptic drug intake. Trihexyphenidyl in a total daily dosage of 20 mg totally suppressed the crises.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a double-blind, 4 week study, 42 chronic schizophrenic inpatients receiving antipsychotic and antiparkinsonian (AP) drugs for >3 months were either switched to placebo or maintained on biperiden. In the majority of the patients no clinically apparent discomfort was observed, and only two of 21 placebo patients developed extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) severe enough to require resumption of AP therapy. No significant increase was shown in most items on EPS. Our data suggest that for the majority of patients on long-term AP medication AP drugs should be prescribed only when EPS develop.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects on rat brain tissue monoamine and monoamine metabolite concentrations of chronic nicotine administration at two doses (3 and 12 mg/kg/day) using constant infusion were studied. After 21 days of treatment, tissue concentrations of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), 5-hyroxytryptamine (5-HT), and several metabolites in striatum, hypothalamus, and frontal cortex were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Compared with a control group, nicotine treatment significantly decreased NE in frontal cortex but not in other regions. The concentration of 5HT also was decreased in frontal cortex but increased in the hypothalamus at the higher dose of nicotine. The 5HT metabolite 5-hydroxyin-doleacetic acid (5-HIAA) was not significantly altered in any region. The 5HT index (5-HIAA/5-HT) was significantly decreased in the hypothalamus and increased in frontal cortex at the higher dose. Concentrations of DA and the metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) were not significantly altered by nicotine. Nevertheless, significant decreases in the DA metabolite dihydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (DOPAC) were observed in both striatum and hypothalamus. Moreover, the DA index [(DOPAC + HVA)/DA] was significantly decreased in all three brain regions. In contrast to other studies using acute dose and in vitro perfusion paradigms that have reported increased CNS catecholamine release stimulated by nicotine, chronic administration appears to be associated with decreased catecholamine turnover in some brain regions.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID