摘要:

Although experimental models of autoimmune uveitis predict pinealitis coincident with uveitis, there is no direct evidence of pineal pathology accompanying a human uveitis. Horses with naturally occurring uveitis are a potential source of eye and pineal tissues that are not available from human patients with active uveitis. We have observed pinealitis in a mare with equine recurrent uveitis. By immunohistochemistry we demonstrated immunoglobulin and MHC Class II antigen on infiltrating and resident cells of eye and pineal gland. These results support the relevance of the animal models and suggest that pinealitis may be coincident with some human uveitides.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999525

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Immunoperoxidase staining of samples of normal human retina and choroid was performed to demonstrate selected adhesion moleculesin vivo.Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3) and endothelial leucocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) were expressed on retinal vascular endothelium and ICAM-1 and ELAM-1 in the region of the external limiting membrane. The very late antigen-2 (VLA-2) was found around the retinal ganglion cells and in the inner and outer fibre layers. The endothelium on the choriocapillaris showed moderate staining of ICAM-1, and slight staining of LFA-3 and ELAM-1. The presence of these molecules in this distribution strongly suggests they have an important role in the pathogenesis of immunologically mediated ocular conditions.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999526

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a cytokine-inducible adhesion molecule expressed on cells of multiple lineages at sites of inflammation. Recently a truncated form of ICAM-1 has been discovered to be circulating in serum. This study reports on circulating serum (cICAM-1) levels in 132 uveitis patients (HLA-B 27 pos. acute anterior uveitis (AAU); HLA-B27 neg. anterior uveitis (AU); intermediate uveitis (IU); heterochromic cyclitis Fuchs (HCF); sarcoidosis; Toxoplasmosis).Measurement of circulating ICAM-1 serum levels was performed using a monoclonal antibody based ELISA, with healthy blood donors serving as the control group.Applying multiple variance analysis and the Student Newmann-Keuls test we found a statistically significant elevation of serum cICAM-1 level in the HLA-B 27 neg. AU group (n:31), in the IU group (n:25) and in patients with sarcoidosis (n:18). Serum levels of HLA-B27 pos. AAU patients, patients with HCF and patients suffering from ocular toxoplasmosis did not differ significantly from levels of the control group.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999527

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Different lines of evidence support a major role for activated T-lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of posterior uveitis. The initial site of activation of these autoreactive T-cells, either locally in the eye or in the peripheral immune compartment, is still unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate whether with currently available techniques, it is possible to detect alterations in the levels and subsets of activated T-cells in the peripheral blood of patients with posterior uveitis.For this reason, 3-colour immunofluorescent staining was performed to assess the distribution of IL-2 receptors (IL-2R) and the CD45RO-antigen on CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from patients with posterior uveitis (n = 29).Only the subgroup of patients with posterior uveitis as part of a systemic immune-mediated disease (sarcoidosis, Behcet's disease) (n = 9) showed a significant increase in IL-2R expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes (p<0.005) when compared to normals (n = 12). This increased expression was reflected much more significantly in the CD4 + (p<0.0005) rather than in the CD8 + subset (p<0.05) of lymphocytes.In contrast, no significant increase in CD45RO expression on either subset of T lymphocytes was found in any subgroup of posterior uveitis in comparison with normals.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999528

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine which produces uveitis if administered intraocularly. It has been demonstrated in the aqueous of patients with various uveitis entities. We have investigated the ability of human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to produce IL-6 in vitro, both unstimulated, and in the presence of interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interferon (IFN) gamma, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Five human RPE cell lines were cultured over a 6-day period, both unstimulated and in the presence of these cyokines. IL-6 in the supernatants was measured using an ELISA assay.Unstimulated RPE produced small amounts of IL-6. IL-1 at 100 or 10 U/ml markedly upregulated IL-6 production, and TNF at 1000, 100 or 10 U/ml did so to a lesser extent. Neither IFN gamma or LPS alone increased IL-6 expression, but together gave significant upregulation. Thus human RPE can produce IL-6 and may be the source of this cytokine in ocular inflammatory states.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999529

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Several studies suggest a role for IL-6 in the pathogenesis of uveitis. Earlier we have shown that aqueous humour obtained from patients with uveitis contained raised levels of IL-6. In the study described here we investigated the IL-6 levels in vitreous fluid samples obtained from 75 uveitis patients with different uveitis entities. Vitreous samples from 14 patients with proliferative intraocular disorders (PID) and 29 eye bank eyes were used as controls. All the samples were tested in the IL-6 B9 bioassay as well as in a sensitive ELISA for IL-6.Raised IL-6 levels were detected in the vitreous fluid of uveitis patients as well as patients with PID, implicating IL-6 as a common inflammatory mediator. The highest mean level of IL-6 was found in the vitreous fluid of patients with acute retinal necrosis. The mean IL-6 levels measured by the ELISA were higher compared to the levels measured by the B9 bioassay. This may be caused by the presence of B9 bioassay inhibitory factors in the vitreous fluid of these patients.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999530

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The presence of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 2 (IL-2) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) was investigated in vitreous and aqueous aspirates from eyes undergoing vitrectomy for the treatment of different inflammatory conditions. Cadaveric vitreous from 10 normal subjects were used as controls. IL-6 was observed in 5 specimens from eyes with idiopathic uveitis (range = 26–264 pg/ml), in 2 specimens from eyes with uveitis complicated with retinal detachment (28 and 279 pg/ml, respectively), in 6 samples from eyes with diabetic retinopathy (range = 5–480 pg/ml), in one sample from an eye with phacolytic glaucoma (1190 pg/ml) and in one specimen from an eye with Behçet's disease (366 pg/ml). Although IL-1 was detected in 80% of all the samples investigated, concentrations of this cytokine>3 pg/ml were only observed in 2 specimens from eyes with uveitis (5 and 20 pg/ml, respectively) and 2 samples from eyes with diabetic retinopathy (3 and 31 pg/ml, respectively). TNF was present in 3 specimens from eyes with uveitis (range = 2–24 pg/ml) and 1 sample from eyes with diabetic retinopathy (4 pg/ml), but was not detected in the eyes with phacolytic glaucoma or Behçet's disease. IL-2 (≤0.1 U/ml) was detected in one sample from an eye with uveitis, one specimen from an eye with uveitis complicated with retinal detachment and 2 samples from eyes with diabetic retinopathy. None of the cytokines measured were detected in any of the control vitreous. The present observations suggest that cytokines, particularly IL-6 and IL-1, may act as local amplification signals in pathological processes associated with chronic eye inflammation.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999531

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels were measured in the serum of 27 patients with retinal vasculitis, 16 with vasculitis purely isolated to the eye (RV) and 11 with vasculitis associated with a systemic inflammatory disease (RV+SID). Levels of sIL-2R were statistically significantly increased (μ986, SD 845 U/ml, p = 0.013) only in the RV+SID group as compared to healthy controls. The highest levels being found in patients with sarcoidosis (μ1436, SD 1083 U/ml). There was no correlation with disease activity or with systemic corticosteroid therapy. Serum sIL-2R measurements appear to be of limited use in the management of patients with retinal vasculitis, but may be of value in those patients with sarcoidosis. Longitudinal measurements with larger numbers of patients are required to confirm this. Serum sIL-2R levels were also statistically significantly increased (μ843, SD 171 U/ml, p<0.0001) in 21 patients with Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis. As this is a chronic condition with mild inflammatory activity and no associated systemic disease, the explanation for this finding is unknown.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999532

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Common epitopes on S-antigen (arrestin), a potent autoantigen inducing experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), and on human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNFα) are revealed with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to S-antigen, which inhibit EAU induction. The minimal common sequence for mAb recognition is GVxLxD in the S-antigen/hTNFαamino acid (aa) sequences. Peptides containing this sequence motif exhibit monocyte activating capacity analogous to the autocrine stimulatory capacity of hTNFαitself. In S-antigen this activity is located at epitope S2 (aa residues 40 to 50), corresponding to the peptide PVDGVVLVDPE (peptide S2). In hTNFαthe monocyte activating capacity correlates to aa residue 31 to 53, corresponding to the peptideRRANALLANGVELRDNQLVVPSE (peptide RRAN). Peptide S2 but not peptide RRAN is competing for mAbs S6H8 and S2D2 binding to S-antigen. Anti-idiotypic antibodies to S2D2 compete with peptide S2 but not peptide RRAN for binding to mAbs S2D2 and S6H8. In human retinal S-antigen epitope S2 is localized at the aa residues 44–54 and is cleaved in the human peptide 4 (aa 31–50). Competition experiments with peptide 4 (aa 31–50) and peptide 5 (aa 41–60) indicate that the C-terminal aa residues VDPD in the epitope S2 play an important role for internal image recognition of the anti-idiotypic antibodies. Peptide S2 and peptide RRAN define common functional structures in the autoantigen and hTNFαmolecules. The data suggest regulatory functions of the peptides in cytokine expression, network regulation and in autoimmunity.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999533

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Auto-antibodies to endothelial calls are found in a variety of vasculitic disorders including two diseases associated with retinal vasculitis: Behcet's disease and multiple sclerosis. In this study we have examined the prevalence of anti-endothelial cell antibodies [AECA] in 15 patients with retinal vasculitis [RV]associated with Behcet's disease, multiple sclerosis or sarcoidosis and 20 patients with idiopathic retinal vasculitis. 47% of patients with RV associated with systemic disease and 35% of patients with idiopathic RV had AECA, compared to 1% of 70 normal controls. The mean levels of AKCA were similar in both groups of patients, and comparable to levels found in other systemic vasculitides.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689208999534

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor