摘要:

Bovine vitreous body and aorta contain extractable Leukocyte elastase inhibitors, which were purified by gel filtration and affinity chromatography on agarose-pancreatic elastase. The purified inhibitor preparation from aorta was resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis into a main band migrating slightly faster than commercial Trasylol and a more weakly stained band migrating close to chymotrypsinogen. The purified inhibitor preparation from both sources inhibited, in a competitive fashion, purified human leukocyte elastase and was ineffective against bovine trypsin and leukocyte cathepsin G or collagenase. These inhibitors from vitreous body and aorta were distinguishable by several criteria from serum inhibitors.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995738

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Laboratory beagle dogs with an apparent absence of atapetum lucidumwere identified by ophthalmoscopic examination. Breeding experiments demonstrated a probable autosomal recessive mutation. Studies of the development of the tapetal abnormality showed that up to postnatal day 21 the tapetum was normal by light and ultrastructural morphology. Subsequent to that time the tapetal rodlets failed to accumulate electron-dense material, did not accumulate zinc, and degenerated primarily into spherical inclusion bodies of varying electron density. In the early phases of the degeneration the rough endoplasmic reticulum formed large whorls of membrane denuded of ribosomes. With time, the inclusions became electron lucent, and the entire tapetal cell degenerated, ending with almost total loss of thetapetum lucidumby approximately one to two years of age. The structure of the retina was normal. Retinal function measured by electroretinography was normal except for a slight elevation of dark adapted white light thresholds. It is speculated that the hereditary defect may be defective synthesis of the tapetal rodlet matrix or of the zinc-complexing substance of the tapetum.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995739

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Eyes of laboratory beagle dogs with an inherited tapetal degeneration were abnormally lightly pigmented. The development of pigmentation was followed morphologically from 7 days postnatal to 9 years of age. At all postnatal ages the iris pigmented epithelia contained no normal melanosomes, only organelles resembling secondary lysosomes or residual bodies. The ciliary body pigmented epithelium contained a variety of melanosome organelles at the earliest stages examined, but in fewer numbers than in normal animals. These included premelanosomes, partially melanized and some fully melanized pigment granules. However, the melanin deposition was usually patchy and irregular. With time, many of these granules appeared to condense into residual bodies. The retinal pigmented epithelium in peripheral and inferior posterior regions of affected animals never contained normal appearing melanin granules at any stage of postnatal development. The iris and choroidal stroma had melanosomes of normal size and shape, but many fewer than in normal animals. These results imply that there is local cellular control over melanosome production and regression, since the melanosome abnormalities do not follow the anterior to posterior development of pigment in ocular epithelia. It is proposed that a defect in synthesis of the matrix component of melanosomes could result in absent or abnormal deposition of melanin and initiate a process of autophagy of these organelles.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995740

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Inoculation of herpes simplex virus Type 1 into the anterior chamber of BALB/c mice induces a characteristic ocular infection involving primarily the anterior segment of virus-injected eyes and the retina of contralateral uninjected eyes. In the BALB/c strain, which is susceptible to herpetic retinitis, anti-HSV delayed hypersensitivity responses are actively suppressed, although anti-HSV antibody responses remain intact. We previously demonstrated that C57B1/6 mice, as well as (BALB/c×C57B1/6) F1are highly resistant to HSV-1 retinitis. Studies have now been performed to determine the relationship between systemic immune responses to HSV and the resistance of C57B1/6 and the (BALB/c×05761/6)F1to develop retinitis after inoculation of HSV into one anterior chamber. Despite the resistance to herpetic retinitis by B6 and F1mice, both strains developed a pattern of systemic immune responses to HSV similar to those observed in the susceptible BALB/c mice. Therefore, resistance to retinal infection with HSV-1 does not appear to correlate with the pattern of systemic cell-mediated or humoral immune responses to intracameral HSV-1.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995741

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity on alkali-burned rabbit corneas was investigated histochemically to determine the metabolic chanqe in inflamed corneas during wound healing. Cryostat sections of chemically burned and mechanically scraped corneas were stained for CO activity, which is regarded as an index of metabolic activity.Following chemical injury, positive CO activity was detected initially in the vascular endothelial cells of limbal blood vessels. Numerous active polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and monocytes were found intravascularly and perivascularly. Fibroblasts that appeared at the wound site exhibited marked CO activity around the limbus. Over a period of 13 days, PMNs gradually invaded the central cornea, followed by fibroblasts of high metabolic activity. The areas of PMN infiltration were the same areas in which fibroblasts showed intense staining, suggesting that a PMN-derived mediator or secondary products might affect the activation of fibroblasts.Epithelial resurfacinq was delayed in the chemically burned corneas, although reepithelialization was completed within two to three days in the scraped corneas. Limbal epithelial cells, which recently were suggested as the source of epithelial renewal, showed a remarkable increase of metabolic activity in response to chemical inflammatory stimulation, whereas those in the scraped model did not. This suggests that epithelial cell renewal at the limbus was accelerated in the presence of disturbed reepithelialization.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995742

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Using Western immunoblotting, the extractable proteins of the bovine zonular fibers were examined for reactivity with two zonular anti-sera known to have strong affinity for zonular fibers in tissues, in order to identify the antigenic components. The extracts were also tested with antisera to several matrix proteins that have been reported to be associated with zonular fibers. Proteins reactive with antisera to bovine serum albumin, serum Immunoglobulins and fibronectin were present. No bands reactive with antisera to a-elastin, prealbumin, amyloid P component, collagen VI, lysyl oxidase or monoclonal antibody to fibrillin were demonstrated. The major nonserum protein band identified by both antisera was a 32kD polypeptide. An equally strong 250kD polypeptide was shown by the antiserum to guanidine-dithiothreitol extracted zonular fibers. Both of these proteins were PAS-positive and were demonstrated also by the antisera in extracts of bovine elastic neck ligament. Whether the two glycoproteins are related to each other, with the higher molecular weight protein either a precursor or aggregate form, is not yet clear. They appear to bear a close relationship to the elusive core microfibrillar protein.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995743

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections of the human cornea are often accompanied by abnormal sensations. In this study, a combination of physiological and structural methods was used to examine the innervation of the corneas of rabbits with HSV-1 lesions of varying severity. Degeneration of the plexiform neural layer adjacent to dendritic lesions and surrounding normal neurology provided a basis for the limited physiological changes. Extensive degeneration of the corneal innervation at all levels occurred within the anesthetic area of the geographic lesion. Abnormal physiological activity characterized by hyperexcitability and loss of stimulus specificity were included in the physiological profile. Collateral sprouts seen in the geographic lesion were suggested as an anatomical substrate for the abnormal neural activity. Thus, the neural changes could be associated with the severity of HSV-1 lesions.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995744

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Acute exposure of ultraviolet radiation to the cornea has previously been shown to produce endothelial pleanorphism and polymegethism. The reciprocity of exposure intensity and duration typically soon with the photochemical effects of ultraviolet radiation on biological tissue predicts a similar effect with chronic exposure. This was tested by comparing the regularity of the hexagonal endothelial mosaic for a group of workers (n=9) chronically exposed to solar radiation to that for an age-matched control group (n=18). Although the mean cell area of the endothelium was similar between groups (p<0.10), a significant difference (p<0.01) was demonstrated in the degree of polymegethism. This supports the contention that chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure may contribute to increased polymegethism seen with age.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995745

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A protocol for quantitative assay of several proteins in small tear volumes is described. Assays included sandwich ELISA's for IgM, IgA, secretory IgA, IgG, lactoferrin and“serum”albumin, and kinetic assays for lysozyme and peroxidase. All assays were applied to whole stimulated tears and size exclusion (SE) HPLC-separated fractions of stimulated tears. Comparison of results revealed several sources of error in whole tear assays. Tear IgG and albumin levels were considerably lower than reported by others. IgM was routinely detected at very low levels. Secretory IgA levels greatly exceeded“serum”IgA. SE-HPLC-isolated tear specific prealbumin was separated into five sub-fractions by anion exchange HPLC. Due to its ability to identify proteins in very small tear volumes, the protocol will be most useful for assay of non-stimulated tears.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995746

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Peptide fragments of bovine S-antigen, an immunopathogenic retinal autoantigen which mediates experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, were produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage and used to study antibody-defined epitopes, primarily those defined by antibodies from Lewis rats immunized with the intact antigen or various peptide fragments purified from the digests by HPLC. Antibodies from the sera have been affinity-purified on several of the peptides and examined by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on S-antigen, digests and purified fragments. By immunoblotting it could be shown that five of the purified peptides, CB46, CB47, CB67, CB74 and CB123 were immunogenic, eliciting antibodies which recognized the peptides to which they were prepared; all, except for CB67, elicited antibodies which also bound intact S-antigen. Two more peptides, CB14 and CB27 were not immunogenic and did not contain epitopes. An epitope was also found in CB35, a previously uncharacterized peptide. Using these procedures together with amino acid sequence and composition data, we have been able to determine the origins of the peptides which contain antibody epitopes, including those which we have previously determined to possess epitopes recognized by class II MHC-restricted T cell lines raised to S-antigen and several of the peptides. A T cell line specific for the non-uveitogenic CB47 peptide was unable to transfer the disease.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688808995747

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor