摘要:

The effects of four subtypes of recombinant human alpha interferon (RIFNα), (A, B, D, and the hybrid A/D) were tested on six strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV).RIFNα-D was the most effective subtype in rabbit kidney cells, which is consistent with our previousin vivoresults in the rabbit herpetic keratitis model. In human corneal cells, however, RIFNα-D was one of the least effective IFN subtypes tested. Conversely, RIFNα-A appeared to be relatively more effective in the human corneal cells than in the rabbit kidney cells, but RIFNα-B and RIFNα-A/D were the most effective interferon subtypes in human corneal cells. Different strains of HSV had different susceptibilities to the various IFN subtypes tested.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025170

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Systemically administered fluorescein is converted to fluorescein glucuronide. The conjugate is fluorescent and interferes with the measurement of fluorescein in the anterior chamber. Carboxyfluorescein is a hydrophilic derivative of fluorescein. In the rabbit, carboxyfluorescein is not converted as readily to a fluorescent metabolite. Thus, carboxyfluorescein has potential advantages as a quantitative fluorophore for studies of aqueous humor dynamics.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025171

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The morphology, distribution and quantitation of dendritic (Langerhans) cells (LC) was determined by analysis of ADPase stained epithelial flat mounts from 6–8 week young adult (resistant) and 24 month old (susceptible) aged mice before and after experimental infection withP. aeruginosatopically applied to the scarified cornea. The contralateral eye (controls) was also scarified and phosphate buffered saline applied similarly. This study has examined the changes in ADPase positive cell populations of the conjunctival limbal epithelium and corneal epithelium of naturally resistant mice (Swiss-Webster and CD2F1) following corneal infection withPseudomonas aeruginosaat two different ages, young adult (8 week old) and aged (24 month old). The young adult mice recover from their infection and restore corneal clarity while the aged mice have extensive ocular destruction and corneal scarring. Conjunctival limbal dendritic cell numbers in young adult mice were found to be significantly increased at day seven post infection and then returned to baseline levels. In contrast, conjunctival limbal dendritic cell numbers in aged mice were found to increase slowly and to peak at fourteen days after infection. Other differences between the two ages (young adult and aged) included an initial increase in dendritic cells five hours post infection in the young adult groups and an initial decrease at five hours in the aged groups of mice.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025172

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Primary cultures of corneal epithelial cells from adult albino rabbits were exposed briefly to various concentrations of NaOH and formaldehyde. The release of plasminogen activator from the cells was stimulated or inhibited during a 6-day recovery period. This differential effect was dependent on the chemical concentration and duration of cell recovery. The modulation of plasminogen activator release in thein vitrosystem would be useful for predicting ocular toxicity of substances.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025173

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Patients involved in a clinical trial of cataract surgery who developed psuedophakic bullous keratopathy were studied. They did not differ from the trial population as a whole with respect to their age or pre-operative endothelial cell density. Bullous keratopathy occurred within a narrow range of endothelial cell density.Examination of endothelial cell loss profiles over four years of follow-up after cataract surgery, in patients who developed bullous keratopathy and others, suggested that there was a predictable pattern. A mathematical model is described which gave good agreement between predicted and measured endothelial cell density. The model is now being used to identify parameters which may predict susceptibility to development of bullous keratopathy.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025174

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Cultured human and rat corneal epithelial cells with51cr incorporated were used as a model to test the cytolytic action of four common preservatives. Benzalkonium chloride, chlorohexidine and thimerosol were all found to lyse>40% cells when incubated for fifteen minutes at concentrations in clinical use in topical ophthalmic medications. Chloro-butanol is the only preservative tested which has a low level of cytotoxicity (10%) and which, under these conditions, can be considered a safe preservative using cytolytic activity as the means of criteria.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025175

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Aminopeptidase III activity was demonstrated in extracts from several different mammalian lenses by the hydrolysis of Arg-MCA at pH 6.0. No more than a two-fold difference was seen in overall specific activity. Sections of bovine lenses were removed from the periphery to the center and assayed. A sharp decline in activity was observed in the inner cortical region, and little or no activity was observed in the lens nucleus. This correlated with an increase in the presence of low molecular weight peptides as determined by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.The properties of the aminopeptidase from human lens tissue were the same as those previously reported for the purified enzyme from bovine lens. The aminopeptidase activity of normal and cataractous lenses was compared using 4 different substrates. The cataractous lenses had significantly less total aminopeptidase activity. However, little difference in specific activity was observed based on soluble lens protein content. Similarly, electrophoretic separations of normal and cataractous soluble proteins showed little or no differences in the content of low molecular weight peptides. Therefore, this major human lens aminopeptidase remains functional in the cataractous state.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025176

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Lenses from 42 eye bank eyes were assayed for glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. The activity of glutathione peroxidase, when considered as a function of age, was lowest in the neonate lens, increasing with age to reach maximal values in young adult lenses, and thereafter progressively decreasing with ages greater than 40 years. Glutathione reductase activity was little affected by age when expressed as activity per lens, per gram lens or per mg soluble protein, indicating that activity of this enzyme did not increase with lens size as would a representative lenticular protein. However, the activity of this enzyme per gram lens was among the highest of any species yet examined.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025177

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The present study examined the effects of aging and cataractogenesis on the biochemical properties of the uniquely heat-stable lens crystallin, beta basic principle polypeptide (βBp). Using the techniques of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western-blot immunoassay, we analyzed cortical and nuclear lens sections from normal lenses of individuals aged 0 to 91 years forβBp content in the soluble fraction, and retention of heat stability with aging. In addition, we compared the characteristics ofβBp in cataractous lenses with those of normal lenses of approximately the same age. WhileβBp is synthesized in new cortical cells throughout life, theβBp of the nucleus, which had been laid down early in life, decreased significantly in both absolute concentration and in its proportion of the total soluble protein fraction during the normal aging process. In addition, posttranslational changes in the nuclear solubleβBp result in a gradual loss of approximately 3000 d in the apparent mass of the gBp molecule; i.e., as a result of the aging process, the single heat-stable band of an apparent mass of 26 kd on SDS-PAGE of the young lens nucleus becomes two heat-stable bands, one at 26 kd and one at 23 kd. Normal lenses up to 91 years of age always retain some of the 26 kd subunit, whereas lenses with severe nuclear cataracts had only the 23 kd subunit in the soluble fraction.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025178

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Three classes of monomeric crystalline separable by SDS gel electrophoresis or by gel filtration have been demonstrated in human lens. In previous studies we have concluded from physico-chemical and immunological data that all three polypeptides are related and should be classified asγ-crystallins. The present paper presents further evidence supporting this conclusion, but also demonstrates that the 24,000 dalton (24kD) polypeptide corresponds to theβS-crystallin.βS-crystallin was purified by classical techniques from bovine lens and was shown to cross-react with a monoclonal antibody specific for the human 24kD polypeptide. This antibody exhibited no reactivity to other crystallin fractions from either bovine or human lenses. The identification of the 24kD polypeptide asβSwas further supported by analysis of the tertiary structures of the molecules by near UV-circular dichroism and by the finding of a blocked amino terminus on the 24kD polypeptide. Our finding that the humanβS(24kD polypeptide) should actually be classified as aγ-crystallin is fully consistent with recently reported sequence data on bovineβS-crystallin.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688609025179

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1986

数据来源: Taylor