摘要:

Unidirectional Na+and Cl-fluxes were determined in the isolated rabbit ciliary body under short-circuited conditions. A statistically significant net Cl flux towards aqueous was detected in the standard bathing solution (HCO3= 15 mM), but no net Na flux was demonstrated in this solution. The net Cl flux exceeded the short-circuit current, suggesting the existence of a net flux of other ion_(s). In a bathing solution containing 5 mM HCO3, the net Cl flux was abolished, suggesting that HCO3in the bathing solution enhances the net Cl flux.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997688

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fibrinogen concentration in the aqueous humor of buphthalmic rabbits, AXBU/J, and those of the normal parent strain AX/J are 0.36±0.14 and 0.08±0.01 mg/ml, respectively. There was no detectable fibrinogen in the aqueous humor of normal inbred strain III/J rabbits. Among the buphthalmic rabbits, elevated fibrinogen concentration in the aqueous humor was observed in two month old prodromal rabbits, indicating a small leakage of fibrinogen into the anterior chamber before the development of buphthalmia. Protein concentration in the aqueous humor was close to normal, in spite of an elevated level of fibrinogen in the young buphthalmic rabbits. Severe protein leakage was seen in only some of the old buphthalmic rabbits.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997689

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The design of optimized histogram and probability graphs needed to detect a lognormal distribution in surveys of intraocular pressure (IOP), mean ophthalmic arterial pressure (OAP) and mean ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) is described. Applications are demonstrated in a sample of 58 normal adult eyes.A logncrmal distribution was found for IOP and for OAP and OPP estimates obtained with a noncon-tact noncompressive method. Conversely, the absence of an identifiable linear distribution for OAP and OPP estimates obtained with compression ophthalmodynamometry was noteworthy.The implications of lognormality for definitions of a normal range and for correlations involving IOP, OAP and OPP data are briefly discussed.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997690

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Bovine epitheloid lens cells can be kept in culture for almost one year. During subculturing a gradual process of cell elongation is observed. Using several techniques, including immuno-fluorescence with antibodies against actin, electron microscopy, two-dimensional gel electro-phoresis, drug treatment and measurement of actin polymerization by DNase I inhibition, it is shown that microfilament assembly parallels the process of cell elongation.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997691

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We found that amiloride and SITS, which are inhibitors of passive movements of Na+and HCO- across cell membranes, inhibited but did not abolish the electrical potential difference and net fluid transport across the rabbit corneal endothelium.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997692

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Human comeal epithelial water insoluble proteins were used to irtmunize mice. Ircraune splenocytes were fused with Sp 2/0-Ag14 mouse myeloma cells by 50% PEG. Hybridoma antibodies obtained by somatic cell fusion were tested by radioimmunoassay. Supernatants from antibody positive hybrid colonies were used in immuno-fluorescence and crossreaction assays to locate and characterize corneal epithelial antigens. At least three distinct epithelial cell antigens were detected, one of which cross-reacts with rabbit comeal epithelial cells.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997693

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper reviews work on the development of spatial and temporal contrast sensitivity in human infants. Both electrophysiological and behavioral techniques have been used. Infants' spatial contrast sensitivity functions exhibit a large deficit in spatial resolution and overall contrast sensitivity relative to adult functions. These measurements also reveal continuous development between one and six months of age. Infants' temporal resolution does not exhibit a large deficit relative to adults'. Indeed, critical flicker frequency is essentially adult-like by two months of age. This combination of coarse spatial resolution and fine temporal resolution is analogous to What is observed in the peripheral retina of the adult visual system.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997694

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Infants as young as 1 month postnatal have scotopic spectral sensitivity closely resembling the CIE standard curve and thus appear to have a functional, rhodopsin-based rod system. Neutrally adapted photopic spectral sensitivities are broad and roughly equal to those of adults tested under similar conditions, although infants may show an elevated sensitivity in the short-wavelength region of the spectrum. Spectral sensitivity has been shown to change with changes in chromatic adaptation. Some wavelength discriminations are possible under conditions in which brightness artifacts can be ruled out. All of these factors support the conclusion that young infants are at least dichromats. However, 2-month-olds to date have shown some unpredicted failures of chromatic discrimination (for example, yellow-greens from white), and the percentage of infants who demonstrate discriminations (for example, among wavelengths≥550 nm) improves with age in early infancy. Thus the status of young infants as trichromats is not yet clearly established. Stereopsis develops rapidly during months 3 to 7, and stereoacuities as good as I' have been reported by 5 months postnatal.In summary, a variety of visual capabilities can now be measured in infants. Infants' visual capacities are rather surprisingly well established shortly after birth and undergo clear improvements during the first few postnatal months. The interpretation of developmental data and their bearing on visual theory are discussed.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997695

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Infants have much poorer acuity than adults. Recent experiments with infant monkeys indicate that this poor acuity cannot be explained on the basis of optics (quality of the retinal image) or sampling frequency (inter-receptor spacing). On the other hand, the poor acuity is not just a reflection of immature cognitive or motor development. Rather, the development of adult acuity levels appears to depend on maturation of neural elements in the early stages of the visual system.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997696

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Infant eyes grow rapidly in the first year of life. They exhibit considerable amounts of astigmatism, most frequently in the horizontal/vertical meridians with the horizontal meridian focused myopically relative to the vertical (i.e.“against-the-rule”). By photokeratometry it is shown that most of this astigmatism in young infants is corneal in nature. The ability to accurately focus a visual target at varying distances exists to some extent from birth, but impoves rapidly in the first 4 to 6 months of life until the net spherical error of focus is less than 0.5 diopters for targets 1.5 meters distant. At this stage, the astigmatism of the eye accounts for more than half of the defocus of the worst focused meridian. The persistence of astigmatism beyond the development of accurate focusing raises questions as to its conceivable functional significance. Because the mechanism of accommodation in adults may involve one or more of several methods for detecting the sign of defocus, including astigmatic blur, a possible role of astigmatism in infant focusing mechanisms is described.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713688208997697

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1982

数据来源: Taylor