ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020392

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The presence and distribution ofαB-crystallin in the anterior segment of human, monkey and bovine eyes was investigated immunocytochemically. In all three species the most intense staining was seen in the lens and in the nonpigmented and pigmented epithelial cells covering the tips of the pars plicata of the ciliary body. The staining intensity of the ciliary epithelial cells was comparable to that seen in the lens fibers. Strong labeling was also found in the corneal endothelium.In bovine eyes the presence ofαB-crystallin in lens, ciliary epithelium of the pars plicata and corneal endothelium was also shown by biochemical analysis using SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Cum. Eye Res. 12: 871-876, 1993.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020393

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The gradual corneal thinning seen in keratoconus may be due to altered degradation of the corneal extracellular matrix. Studies have shown that human keratocytes produce matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and two proteins (28 kDa and 21 ma) that are capable of inhibiting the activity of MMP-2. In the present study, the 28 kDa inhibitor from keratoconus keratocyte cultures has been characterized as it may be important to the elevated MMP-2 activity seen in these cultures. Biochemical analyses indicated that this keratoconus corneal inhibitor was similar to TIMP-1 from other sources. Oligonucleotides to the reported sequence of human tumor cell TIMP-1 were used for reverse-transcriptase PCR to generate a 700 bp clone of the 28 kDa ithbitor from keratoconus keratocyte cytoplasmic RNA. Sequence analysis verified that the clone was nearly identical to the reported human TIMP-1 with a single base substitution that did not affect the predicted amino acid sequence. In addition, protein translated from the clone corresponded to the expected size. This data suggests that the elevated levels of gelatinolytic activity in these keratoconus keratocyte cultures is not due to a primary alteration of the TIMP-1 molecule. Protein expression studies of the TIMP-1 clone are currently underway. Curr. Eye Res. 12: 877-883, 1993.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020394

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The fdariaMonanema martiniwith skin-dwelling microfilariae induces in its natural murid hosts lesions similar to those in human onchocerciasis. This was demonstrated by histo-pathological studies but it appeared useful to evaluate the model by a clinical investigation. An ophthalmological analysis was performed on the two species of hosts, inoculated by one, two, or multiple doses of larvae, and with infections of at least one year duration. A total of 140 eyes was examined (anterior and posterior segments). We established a system for enumerating the different types and severities of lesions. We prepared a file for each eye and attempted to quantify our observations. The significant lesions were different in the two host species. InArvicanthis niloticus, in which motile microfilariae were seen in the anterior segment, punctate keratitis was predominant. InLemniscomys striatus, the posterior segment showed complete chorioretinal atrophy, similar to the final stage of onchocercal chorioretinitis in humans.M. maltinirepresents in its natural hosts two complementary models for the study of the pathogenesis and treatment of human onchocerciasis. Curr. Eye Res. 12: 885-891, 1993.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020395

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Although various growth factors have been identified in the human aqueous humor, their sources have not been fully established so far. To determine, whether the ciliary body epithelium is capable of producing growth factorsin vivo, we studied the immunolocalization of EGF, bFGF, IGF-I, TGF-α, TGF-βand PDGF-AB in human ciliary body tissue obtained from 20 autopsy eyes (12 to 88 years; fixed within 6 hours post mortem) and 1 surgically enucleated melanoma eye using light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. Antibody binding was visualized by indirect immunofluorescence and immunogold labeling on differently fixed frozen and resin-embedded sections. The immunohistochemical findings indicate the production of EGF, bFGF, IGF-I, and TGF-α, to a minor degree also TGF-β, particularly TGF-β2, by the ciliary epithelial cells, predominantly the nonpigmented cells. Ultrastructural evidence for an endogenous production included the distinct and specific labeling of secretory organelles (rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex), cytoplasmic vesicles, and the basolateral membrane infoldings. The ciliary epithelium failed to stain significantly with antibodies to TGF-PI and PDGF-AB. Labeling for bFGF was found to depend on the specific antibodies and fixation conditions employed. Sequestration of bFGF and PDGF-AB in the basement membranes of the ciliary epithelium could be demonstrated under certain conditions. Peaks of labeling intensity were consistently observed at the crests of the ciliary processes and in the pars plana, suggesting regional variations in activity and secretion of growth factors into the aqueous humor and vitreous. While only PDGF-AB may be derived from the serum, it appears likely that most growth factors demonstrated are not circulating hormones but rather act as autocrine and/or paracrine factors. Curr. Eye Res. 12: 893-905, 1993.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020396

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to find a“threshold”quantity of organisms (i.e. inoculum) to produce clinical endophthalmitis and determine the natural course of intravitreal bacterial counts following inoculation in a rabbit model ofStaphylococcus epidermidisendophthalmitis.S. epidermidisendophthalmitis was induced experimentally in 18 New Zealand white rabbits. Eyes were injected with 2.0×103(Group I: n=3), 2.0×104(Group II n=3), 3.0×105(Group III: n=3), 3.0×106(Group IV: n=3), 3.0×107(Group V n=3), or 3.0×108(Group VI: n=3) organisms. Serial quantitative bacterial cultures (colony counts) were performed on the vitreous every eight hours for 9 days. All eyes in Groups I and II became culture negative by 24-64 hours post-inoculation (PI). All eyes in Groups III-VI remained culture positive [approximately 600-4000 colony forming units (CFU) per cm3] at 48 to 72 hours PI and were stable for the remainder of the nine day study period. Previous work suggests that the host's inflammatory response is more important than had been recognized. Previous rabbit models of infectious endophthalmitis are known to become culture negative (“autosterilized”) despite continued intraocular inflammation. This rabbit model demonstrates a“threshold”of infection where the host's immune response is overwhelmed and“autosterilization”does not occur. When inoculated with 3.0×105or greaterS. epidermidisorganisms of this strain, continued active bacterial replication can now be studied in the rabbit.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020397

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Immunocytochemistry fails to detect expression of the lens major intrinsic protein (MIP) in 16day embryos of the congenitally cataractous mouse, CAT, which inherits a dominant mutation assigned to the distal end of mouse chromosome 10.In situhybridisation, however, detects MIP mRNA in CAT embryo lens fibre cells at a level approximating 60% of that detected in embryonic lens fibres of the non-cataractous MF1 mouse. Northern blot hybridisation reveals that the most abundant MIP mRNA transcript in the adult CAT lens is truncated when compared to that in the adult MF1 lens. The results are consistent with a cataractogenic mutation in the mouse gene for MIP (Mip) which has also been mapped to the distal end of mouse chromosome 10.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020398

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Samples of iris ciliary body, choroid and retina from normal eyes and from 2 cases of sympathetic ophthalmitis (one acute and one late stage fibrosis) were examined for the expression of the VLA integrins pl and a 1-6, and the integrinβ3, in addition to ICAM-1, VCAM-1, ELAM-1 and CD44 using an APAAP staining technique.The expression of VLA-4, VLA-5, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and CD44 was significantly increased and ELAM-1 was slightly increased in acute sympathetic ophthalmitis in comparison to fibrotic and normal eyes.VLA-6 was moderately increased in acute and fibrotic cases and VLA-2 VLA-3 and p 3 were moderately expressed on all tissues examined. The differential expression of molecules known to be involved in lymphocyte activation and adhesion in acute sympathetic ophthalmitis suggests that certain adhesion molecules play a role in the pathogenesis of intraocular inflammation and may be suitable targets for immunotherapy.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020399

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The chicken red-sensitive cone visual pigment iodosin) and several synthetic peptides of cone and rod tisuar pigments were used to find the binding sites of our photoreceptor-specific antibodies with immunocytochemistry. The ability of iodopsin to block immunolabeling with monoclonal antibodies COS-1 and OS-2 furnished direct evidence that both antibodies are specific to visual pigments. lmmunocytochemistry on whole-mount retinas with and without detergent, as well as electron microscopic labeling of cone photoreceptor membranes revealed the binding sites of COS-1 and OS-2 to be on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. By testing several synthetic peptides, mainly from the C-terminal region of the cone visual pigments, we found that the domain consisting of the last 6 amino acids of the human red/green-, and the chicken red-sensitive cone pigments completely blocked immunolabeling with COS-1, while the sequence consisting of the last 12 amino acids of the human blue cone pigment was effective to block the binding of OS-2. Both monoclonals can be regarded therefore C-terminal specific antibodies. OS-2 was found to bind to the dark-adapted photopigment more strongly than to the light-adapted one. The binding of the polyclonal rhodopsin antibody AO was almost entirely inhibited by the N-terminal synthetic peptide of bovine rhodopsin indicating that this antibody binds primarily to the N-terminal domain of rhodopsin in a tissue environment.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020400

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Prorenin (PR) was localized by electron microscopic (EM) immunostaming of cryo-ultramicrotomy sections of human ciliary body and correlated with light microscopic immunoskuning. Both layers of the ciliary epithelium contained the prohormone. However, density was much higher in the adjacent extracellular spaces, particularly in the vitreous cortex. This observation adds further evidence to a role of the the ciliary epithelium in the transfer, storage or synthesis of components of a putative ocular renin angiotensin system.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689309020401

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor