摘要:

Intraocular inflammation of exogenous origin, which may lead to the loss of visual function in both eyes, i.e. SO confronts ophthalmologists much less rarely than might be expected. Epidemiological studies comprising ergophthalmological aspects underscore this. Questions with regard to therapy should consider the fact that the T cell-mediated cytotoxic disease which causes the transition from the initially unilateral subthreshold exogenous uveitis into the bilateral progressive phase is by no means a rare disorder, especially in secondary surgical operations on predamaged eyes with fresh intraocular hemorrhages, vascular neoplasia and secondary glaucoma. This should be recalled again by practicing ophthalmologists, thus enabling the prevention of SO. If SO is a“forme fruste”of retinitis pigmentosa, as is very likely to be the case, further clarification requires clini-copathologic studies in close collaboration with immunologists.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999411

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Intraocular synthesis of IgG antibodies against HSV (herpes simplex virus), CMV (cytomegalovirus) and VZV (varicella zoster virus) is considered as an indirect proof of uveoretinal infection. Paired serum and aqueous samples obtained from 16 patients with retinitis associated with AIDS, 3 patients with ARN, 8 patients with posterior uveitis not related to AIDS or ARN and 5 patients with senile cataract were tested for total immunoglobulin G levels and antibodies to HSV, CMV and VZV by the fixed cell immunofluorescence technique.Since therapy must often be started before results of cultures are available, rapid detection of locally produced anti-Herpes Virus antibodies can be a precious tool in the diagnosis of ocular viral infection. Using this technique we were able to confirm the clinically suspected diagnosis in more than 50% of AIDS patients with retinitis and in two out of three patients with ARN.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999412

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We prospectively studied and classified 152 cases of endogenous uveitis treated at the Ophthalmological Clinic in Split, Yugoslavia, according to clinical presentation, several immunologic parameters including HLA subtyping, and the presence of an associated systemic disease. Using our diagnostic criteria we successfully classified 91.4% of patients. Anterior uveitis was the most common form of clinical presentation (94 patients, 61.8%), whereas an intermediate uveitis was present in only 5.3% of patients (8 patients). By HLA typing we found that 115 patients (75.7%), were positive for HLA-B27 (57 patients, 50%), B5 (30 patients, 26%) and B35 (28 patients, 24%) risk antigens. Of these patients 96 (83%) had an associated systemic illness. In the 8.6% of cases (13 cases) in which the etiology of an endogenous uveitis was not determined, none were associated with an HLA-B risk antigen. Our study emphasizes the association of HLA-B risk antigens and concurrent systemic disease in patients with endogenous uveitis.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999413

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fourteen patients with Behçet's disease and bilateral eye involvement were treated for periods of between 30 and 38 months with low doses (5 mg/kg/day) of cyclosporin A (CyA). In patients who responded well, this dose was reduced to a maintenance dose of 2 mg/kg/day. There was a good response to treatment in 86% of patients, with complete disappearance of ocular attacks in 43% and a reduction in frequency and severity of attacks in a further 43%. Only one patient suffered a deterioration in visual acuity (0.2 in one eye) during treatment. The visual acuity of all the other patients (93%) either remained the same or improved. Attacks of buccal and genital aphthous ulceration were also less severe and less frequent during treatment with CyA, although they were proportionally more frequent than ocular attacks. The main side effects were a dose-dependent and reversible biochemical renal toxicity in 28% of patients, gingival inflammation in 14% of patients, and systemic arterial hypertension in 7% of patients. Hirsutism was observed in 100% of the female patients. We conclude that low doses of CyA administered over a long period of time constitute an effective therapeutic alternative that helps prevent evolution towards blindness in Behçet's disease, although it has the disadvantage as compared with chlorambucil that it does not inactivate the disease. The anti-inflammatory effect is therefore dose-dependent and persists only for as long as the drug is being administered.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999414

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study reports on serum interleukin 2-receptor (IL-2R) levels in uveitis patients.IL-2R is the mediator protein of interleukin 2 (IL-2), a mitogenetic cytokine of primarily immune cell interaction. Stimulated T-cells readily express IL-2R on their cell surface and release a soluble form into serum.The measurement of IL-2R serum levels was performed using a monoclonal antibody based ELISA with age and sex matched healthy blood donors serving as the control group.The increase of IL-2R serum levels in patients affected by heterochromic cyclitis Fuchs (HCF) and a small group of children with chronic anterior uveitis affected by juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) was statistically highly significant, when compared to the control group (n=84,α=0.01). Serum levels of patients with intermediate uveitis (IU), patients with HLA-B27 positive acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and patients with HLA-B27 negative AAU did not differ significantly from the controls.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999415

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

During the past four years 450 patients (247 female - mean age 36 years and 203 male - mean age 34 years) with intraocular inflammation were evaluated using standard diagnostic criteria, to establish a uveitis survey profile. Patients were divided into four anatomic groups: anterior uveitis (270 cases = 60%), posterior uveitis (108 cases = 24%), panuveitis (54 cases = 12%) and intermediate uveitis (18 cases = 4%). A probable astiological diagnosis was made in 232 cases (51.5%). Rheumatic diseases were diagnosed most commonly (55 cases = 12.2%), mainly ankylosing spondylitis, as is true for other European countries. Ocular toxoplasmosis was a frequent cause of uveitis, as in Brazil and West Africa, thus requiring a prompt diagnosis and treatment. Behçet's syndrome was associated with HLA B5 (65%) as in Japanese and Mediterranean populations. In our area AIDS retinitis is becoming an important differential diagnosis.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999416

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We studied Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) with sunset sky fundus using histopathology and immunohistochemical methods. The materials examined were 4 eyes obtained at autopsy on two patients with VKH. The first patient died 32 months after the onset of VKH, and the other 7 years after onset.Histopathology of the eyes showed scattering infiltration of lymphocytes in the thickened choroid with a remarkable disappearance of choroidal melanocytes. T and B lymphocytes were identified by immunohistochemistry, using monoclonal antibodies. Approximately 70% of the lymphocytes were T cells. In the case 1 patient, the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells was 2 to 3.Thus, the evidence of T and B lymphocytes in these uveal tissues indicates that the inflammation remained active even at the convalescent stage.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999417

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody test has become available over the past 4 or 5 years. It is positive in a limited number of conditions whose characteristic feature is the presence of a small vessel vasculitis. These include Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyarteritis. The test was applied to 63 patients with uveitis of various types. 14 positive tests were found amongst which anterior uveitis was the most common disease present.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999418

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The authors have tested two formulas by means of which the filtrated and the intraocularly (intra-therally) synthesized fraction of particular protein can be distinguished. The laser nephelo-metric method was applied to determine the serum (IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, albumin), aqueous humor (IgA, IgM, albumin) and CSF (IgG, IgM, C3, albumin) protein values in 42 subjects to test two models in physiological conditions. It was confirmed that the best results were achived using the formula afterŠtambuk. Computer simulation performed to compare the formulas afterŠtambuk and Reiber&Felgenhauer showed a strong correlation (r>0.98) between the calculated filtrated fractions of both models in a wide range of different barrier permeabilities. Laser nephelometry proved to be a useful method to determine low IgA and IgM values in aqueous humor.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999419

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Aqueous humour from 23 patients with Fuchs' heterochromic cyclitis (FHC) was analysed by a number of immunological methods. Intraocular IgG synthesis was found in 65% of patients and oligoclonal IgG bands, mainly of the IgG1 subclass, identified in 57%. There was a relative increase in IgG1 (P<0.01) as compared to patients with senile cataract. Local production of the cytokine Interleukin-6 was demonstrated in 63% of patients (P<0.01). Analysis of aqueous by HPLC and SDS-PAGE failed to reveal any abnormalities specific for FHC.These findings add further evidence to the theory of immune dysregulation in this condition.

ISSN:0271-3683    

DOI:10.3109/02713689008999420

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor