摘要:

Evaluation and status of nuclear methods in the field of civil engineering are pointed out. Some expositions are made about neutron small-angle scattering and about the field gradient-impuls NMR method for studies of hydration of cement concrete. Moreover, the application of radioisotopes in gas concrete production, the gamma-radioscopy and gammatomography are discussed in detail.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623939

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A radiometric, gammascopy method applied for material homogeneity testing in building construction is described. The gamma-radiation isotopic source Cs-137 activity 3 G Bq and scintillation detector NaI(Tl) Ø40 mm × 40 mm operating in photo-peak energy range were used in the measurements. The obtained results indicate, that it is possible to detect, in the 40 cm breadth calcium-silicate block, the 5 mm diameter reinforcement bars and 10 mm thick air-hollows at the exposure time as short as 30 s.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623940

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The Small-angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) was applicated to problems of material research in civil engineering. After a critical analysis of methods used for determination of the pore size distribution and inner surface of cement pastes up to this day, e.g. the capillary condensation method and the mercury porosimetry method, the conclusion was drawn, that these methods require preparations and measuring procedures destructing the inner structure. – At present SANS presents the only method that can investigate concrete samples with a thickness relevant to macroscopical quantities of building materials. For an example illustrating an employment of measurements the observation of the development of the microstructure during the first 25 h after the onset of hydration are described.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623941

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623942

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of the paper is the evaluation of the influence of defined slites in shielding walls on the gamma radiation fields behind this walls. Some experiments are combined with the results of correspondent computer calculations. On this basis can be shown the correctness of the calcidationmodel as well as can be tested the influence of different parameters.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623943

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The quality of safety related buildings has particular importance for guaranting the nuclear safely and radiation protection of a nuclear power plant (NPP). This article deals with the legal basis and the responsibility for assuring the required quality. After a short illustration of the conception of nuclear safely and radiation protection, the NPP-specific requirements on safely related buildings are represented, in general form and by way of an example. Finally the article contains examples of quality assurance on NPP's under special consideration of examination of safety related properties.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623944

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Concentration determination in 2 component mixtures by means of gamma absorption and scattering are discussed due to the quality control of concrete. X-ray measurements of Ca, Ba, Fe and other elements should play a role in building material analyses. Wear determination by means of activated material layers in aggregates are discussed also as radiotracer experiments for the optimization of industrial plants.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623945

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The extraction of noble metals from nitric acid solutions represents one problem of separation valueable substances from nuclear wastes in nuclear fuel reprocessing. Results of distribution experiments demonstrate the possibility of solvent extraction of rhodium using tertiary amines in presence of nitrite. Even short mixing times realize high distribution coefficients allowing quantitative separation from aqueous solutions.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623946

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The extraction of rhodium from nitric acid solutions in the presence of rhodanide ions has been studied. The influence of the concentration of rhodanide, of the temperature and of the time of the formation of rhodiumrhodanide complexes and their extraction with amines are determined.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623947

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A comparison of the etching parameters as well as the neutron response for Makrofol-E and CR-39 was considered as solid state nuclear track detectors. The calculated sensitivity for both detectors was compared with the measured one. It is found that CR-39 has higher response to fast neutrons than Makrofol-E. The response increase due to decreasing the rate of layer removed and increasing the etch-pits per unit area.

ISSN:0021-1915    

DOI:10.1080/10256018808623948

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor