摘要:

Abstract.Among 10440 newborns, 522 with upper 5 percentile values for very low‐low density lipoprotein cholesterol in cord serum were selected for follow‐up studies. Follow‐up was possible in 446 of these 522 families (85%) and familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) was diagnosed in 11. In 273 of the 522 children, serum lipids were determined between the ages of 1 and 2 years and were now found to be normal, except in the 11 children with FH. Furthermore the serum lipids were compared in subgroups of these 273 children divided according to obstetric complications (i.e. low birth‐weight, perinatal asphyxia and antepartum betamethasone treatment), which may cause a rise in serum lipids at birth. No differences were found between these subgroups at the age of 1

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Twenty‐eight mothers smoking 10–20 cigarettes daily during pregnancy had significantly higher serum thiocyanate concentrations at delivery compared to 25 non‐smoking controls. The thiocyanate levels were positively correlated to cigarette consumption and inversely correlated to the birth weights of the infants. A highly significant correlation existed between serum thiocyanate levels of the mother and umbilical cord serum thiocyanate levels, reflecting a nearly complete equilibration. The thiocyanate concentrations in human milk on the 4th day after delivery were considerably lower than the serum concentrations, and no correlation existed between serum and milk concentrations. The infants of smoking mothers had significantly decreased weight and length at birth compared to infants of non‐smokers. Birth weights were 3344±434 g and 3620±504 g respectively (p<0.05), and lengths 49.8±1.7 cm and 51±1.6 cm respectively (p<0.05). No differences were found between smokers and non‐smokers in placental and umbilical cord histology, and umbilical cord artery medial area. It is concluded that serum thiocyanate concentration in smokers may be used as an objective measure for smoke exposure, and that maternal cigarette smoking acts as an exogenous factor which interferes with intrauterine development of the fetus in a dos

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The effect of induction of labour on the foetus and the newborn was investigated in a prospective randomized study. 41 neonates were studied after induction at full term by amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin infusion. The infusion rate was regulated by the intraamniotic pressure using the Cardiff infusion pump system. 39 neonates served as controls where the labour started spontaneously followed by amniotomy. In both groups foetal heart rate monitoring and intraamniotic pressure recordings were performed. There were no differences in Apgar score and pH in cord blood between the groups. The newborns were evaluated the first and the fifth day of life with the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale and with a modified Prechtl neurological examination. There were no differences in behaviour and neurological state between the two groups. However, within the groups there were significant differences between the first and the fifth day concerning both neonatal behaviour and neurological state.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The neurological maturation in 25 newborn babies born to severely undernourished mothers was studied by evaluating muscle tone and excitability status. These mothers had weight below the 25th percentile expected for height, haemoglobin less than 80.0 g/l and serum albumin less than 25.0 g/l. Twenty‐three babies born to healthy mothers were studied as control. The babies of undernourished mothers demonstrated gross intrauterine growth retardation. There occurred parallel reduction in placental weight and its protein content. The neuromotor behaviour of these newborns showed significant alteration in the performance of most reflexes, resembling normal motor behaviour of preterm infants. As many as 72% newborns could be classified as hypotonic and 56% hypoexcitable. However, no newborn demonstrated hypertonia or hyperexcitability. The parameters of neuromotor assessment were found to have no correlation with the birth weight in both undernourished as well as control groups. These observations suggest that muscle tone and excitability are better indices of maturation of central nervous system than the birth weight. It seems that the neurological evaluation becomes unreliable in babies who suffer from intrauterine nutritional deprivatio

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Phototherapy in the treatment of newborns with hyperbilirubinemia, resulting in degradation of bilirubin, also appears to have other photodynamic effects on metabolism. We studied flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) saturation of erythrocyte glutathione reductase, which should reflect riboflavin nutritional status, in 28 healthy newborns, and followed 37 newborns with hyperbilirubinemia prior to the start of and during phototherapy. The results indicate that healthy newborns on human milk feeding, relatively poor in riboflavin, have evidence of a transient riboflavin depletion soon after birth. This effect is made more pronounced by phototherapy and partially prevented by parenteral or oral administration of moderate amounts of riboflavin.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry has been applied to the analysis of manganese in human milk samples. Twenty‐seven breast‐feeding mothers donated 229 individual milk samples between the 2nd week and the 9th month of lactation. The milk samples were representative of every feed in a period of 24 hours, foremilk and hind‐milk in equal proportions. The median concentration of manganese declined from the initial value of 5.9 μg/l to about 4 μg/l before the 2nd month of lactation, remained at this level up to the 5th‐6th month of lactation and showed a tendency to rise thereafter. The values presented here are noticeably lower than most of those reported earlier. It remains an open question whether the manganese concentration is exceptionally low in Finnish human milk or whether the great difference from most earlier studies may reflect problems of contamination or technical difficulties when less sensitive analytical methods have

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Seventy‐one sick newborn infants, who had an umbilical artery catheterized, were randomized in one of four catheter groups: long end‐hole‐, short end‐hole‐, long side‐hole‐ or short side‐hole catheter. A long catheter means a high position of the catheter tip (Th6–11) and a short catheter a low position of the tip (L3–5). An angiography through the indwelling catheter in order to diagnose thrombosis was performed before the catheter was withdrawn. Dissection of the aorta and its branches was performed on infants who died. The total frequency of thromboses was 26%. There were no thromboses among infants with long end‐hole catheters while infants with short end‐hole catheters had thrombosis in 26%, long side‐hole catheters in 33% and short side‐hole catheters in 64%. Long end‐hole catheters functioned better than the others. Only 6 of 16 infants with thrombosis had physical signs from the legs, while 12 infants without

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Three sibs with adynamia episodica hereditaria are described. Treatment with salbutamol inhalation had a beneficial effect on the duration of their adynamic attacks. Continuous peroral treatment with salbutamol has been tried in these patients resulting in the almost complete prevention of attacks. No serious adverse effects have been recorded. Peroral treatment with salbutamol is recommended as the treatment of choice in young patients with adynamia episodica hereditaria and in patients with frequent attacks of adynamia.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05059.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Records from 625 patients with hypospadias have been reviewed, with reference to associated malformations. Cryptorchidism was found to be the most common associated malformation and was present in 6% of cases with hypospadias. The highest incidence of cryptorchidism was found in the more severe forms of hypospadias. Other concomitant genital malformations, such as bifid scrotum, hypoplasia of penis and remnants of the Müllerian system showed the same pattern. The recorded incidence of bifid scrotum and hypoplasia of the penis was 4% and 8% respectively. A high incidence of abnormalities in the lower urinary tract was found; 50 % of 84 patients investigated. The hypothesis of hypospadias being a result of testicular hormone insufficiency is discussed

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05060.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Three girls with mosaic mongolism (46, XX/47, XX, +21) were followed cytogenetically and psychologically from the time of diagnosis at 8, 17 and 32 months of age, respectively, to the age of 13–15.5 years. All showed muscular hypotonia and hyperflexible joints at the time of diagnosis, but otherwise the physical characteristics of Down's syndrome were weakly expressed. The percentage of trisomic cells in the peripheral blood decreased with time, but were still higher in lymphocytes than in skin fibroblasts at the last investigation. Developmental milestones were delayed in all cases, and the developmental and intelligence quotients were decreased. Mental retardation was only slight in one of the cases (I.Q. =65 at the age of 14 years 8 months). The intelligence quotients showed declining trends with time. Social ability and school results tended to be better than could be expected from the test result

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1979.tb05061.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY