摘要:

The influence of 3 weeks of mild aerobic exercise on plasma volume in five previously sedentary university students was investigated. Predicted maximal oxygen uptake measured by the Astrand‐Ryhming submaximal cycle ergometer test increased significantly by 7.6 ml kg−1min−1(25.3%; p = 0.013). Hematocrit decreased significantly by 3.4% of its original value, with a concomitant plasma volume increase of 5.9% (p≤0.05). The small subject number producing this significant finding attests to the robustness of a plasma volume change accompanying routine mild recreational exercise.

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511943

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sociodemographic, psychologic, life‐style, and fitness variables have been measured on 74 subjects who sustained a spinal cord injury 3 or more years previously. Stepwise multiple regression and discriminant function analyses have related this information to total productivity (occupation, leisure, and education). Eight variables (education, Barthel's functional index, forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% vital capacity (FEF25‐75), body mass, peak power output, lean body mass, motivation, and the frequency of medical appointments) account for 64% of the variance in total productivity. A discriminant function based on peak power output, FEF25‐75, lean body mass, and total body mass correctly classifies 80% of individuals with high and low levels of total productivity. Habitual activity shows a substantial correlation with aerobic power, but little relationship to productivity. It is suggested that the component of aerobic power describing productivity may be related to muscle mass and thus the ability to negotiate barriers to mobility. If this hypothesis is substantiated by longitudinal research, rehabilitation programs for paraplegics should include exercises to strengthen the shoulder muscles.

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511944

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In order to find a relationship between 3‐methylhistidine excretion and training effects, excretion of 3‐methyl‐histidine was measured in young men during an 8‐week training period for improving power or strength. A preliminary methodologic study demonstrated: (1) the change in corrected 3‐methylhistidine (exogenous dietary 3‐methylhistidine was substracted from the total excretion) after a training session for improved power is in good accordance with results obtained in young men living 5 days on a meat‐free diet; (2) the highest rate of corrected 3‐methylhistidine excretion is within 12 to 24 hours after a training session for improving strength or power. Thus, if the training session takes place before noon, the urine collected during the following night is used for evaluating the influence of exercise on corrected 3‐methylhistidine excretion. Eight weeks of power training caused a significant improvement in 30 m dash, vertical jump, standing triple jump, standing triple jump, and squat lift if the exercise loads were 70% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) (in 50% 1RM exercise, the effect was less pronounced). Heavy resistance training improved results in vertical jump, standing triple jump, and, most of all, in squat lift. A very pronounced increase in cross‐section of thigh muscle (evaluated by x‐ray photography) resulted from heavy resistance training with 70% 1RM exercise. In all groups a pronounced elevation of corrected 3‐methylhistidine excretion was observed in night urine during the first 3 weeks of training. The response was most pronounced in a group of heavy resistance training subjects with 70% 1RM exercise. In this group the elevated 3‐methylhistidine excretion persisted during 6 weeks of training. Thus, a pronounced 3‐methylhistidine excretion response is associated with the highest training effect on muscular hypertrophy.

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511945

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of predicting maximal bench press lifting strength from submaximal bench press repetitions before and after a training program. College students (70 men; 101 women) were tested to determine their one repetition maximum (1‐RM) bench press lifting strength before and after 14 weeks of training. Several days after an initial maximum lift determination, each subject was randomly assigned a submaximal load corresponding to 55 to 95% of the 1‐RM and required to perform as many bench press repetitions as possible in 1 minute. The same percent 1‐RM was used following training, as was used before training, to test lifting capacity at a defined percent of the initial 1‐RM for a given individual. Men had a significantly greater 1‐RM bench press strength and absolute integrated submaximal weightlifting ability than women but were not significantly different in percent 1‐RM and repetitions. The exponential relationship between percent 1‐RM and repetitions before and after training did not differ significantly between men and women. Using this relationship, 1‐RM bench press lifting strength could be estimated with a validity coefficient of r>0.90 and a standard error of 2.9 to 3.5 kg for women and 5.7 to 6.6 kg for men regardless of the training state of each group. It was concluded that the number of repetitions completed in 1 minute of lifting a submaximal load can provide an accurate estimate of maximal bench press lifting strength regardless of training status.

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511946

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The response to a multimodal, therapeutic exercise program was studied in 184 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with ventricular extrasystole and cardiac fibrillation. Therapeutic exercise comprised auto‐genic relaxation practice, deep breathing, breath holding, and physical exercise promoting relaxation. Arrhythmias, myocardium and cardiac conductivity abnormalities, and anxiety and irritability of activated patients were all alleviated with minimum appropriate drug therapy. The efficiency of treatment was monitored clinically from electrocardiographic records, from rheography, patency of bulbar conjunctiva vessels, and from tissue oxygen utilization in patients breathing normal, hyperoxic, and hypoxic gas mixtures. It is concluded that physical rehabilitation contributes significantly to the recovery of central and peripheral hemodynamics and shortened the period of a patient's hospitalization. It seems that exercise therapy is easy to introduce into the general hospital and rehabilitative process for CHD patients with arrhythmias.

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511947

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511948

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1057-8315    

DOI:10.1080/15438629209511942

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor