摘要:

There are a considerable number of materials that possess the property of forming highly viscous, colloidal solutions in surprisingly low concentrations. To this class belong certain proteins, agar, starch, rubber, cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, and synthetic polymerized substances, such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, etc. It is not uncommon for one per cent solutions to have viscosities several hundred or thousand per cent greater than that of the solvent, whereas equal concentrations of chemically related substances, such as albumin, styrene, etc., may cause an increase of but a few per cent.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116313

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

For fluids which deviate from the law of Poiseuille, the kinetic energy term is usually ignored. In many cases this is justified since the experiments are performed under conditions where the correction is apparently negligible. The neglect of this factor in the flow of viscous liquids has caused many errors, and it is therefore desirable that some method of calculating the effect should be developed for other types of flow. The purpose of this paper is to calculate the kinetic energy correction by making use of general principles which apply to every possible case of flow, and also to obtain conclusions concerning the possible magnitudes of the correction.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116314

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

1. In my paper presented before the Third Plasticity Symposium I tried to indicate the way in which one could hope to make progress toward the ultimate goal of Rheology, which is to establish the general law of flow of matter.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116315

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

A study of the plasticity of protoplasm offers all the difficulties of such a study on gelatin and those additional ones which are associated with a substance that is alive and can be had only in microscopic quantities. It is the task of the biologist to conquer, as best he can, these latter difficulties which have to do with method, but he must appeal to the chemist for help in the interpretation of results. Patient and sympathetic cooperation between chemist and biologist is necessary if physical biology is to advance.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116316

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The consistometer to be described here is rugged, simple of construction, speedy in operation, and can be employed for either opaque or clear materials of a wide range of consistencies. It also possesses two features which are unusual in a consistometer, but which are of great importance in the testing of all such plastic materials as show a breakdown of structure with working, or which change in consistency with time.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116317

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The term “slippage” was introduced by Bingham and Green to account for the flow of plastic or pseudoplastic materials when the shearing stress falls below the yield value as defined by them. The idea of slippage was given mathematical expression by Buckingham in his equation for plastic flow in capillary tubes as shown in Equation 1S = μ (F − 4/3f + f43F3) + ceFr(1) whereS= rate of shear,4π Vtr3;F= shearing stress,Prg2l;f= yield value; μ = mobility;c= slippage constant;e= thickness of liquid layer causing slippage. This equation has been recognized by a considerable following as representing the facts of flow in capillary tubes for all materials which do not give straight‐line flow‐pressure curves. But very few workers have made any attempt to test the equation over a wide range of conditions.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116318

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Plastics are materials that under certain conditions have a convenient and useful range of plasticity. In general, something must be done to the material to bring it into the plastic state for purposes of molding; and, in general, something quite different must be done to make it again non‐plastic. The first step in processing the material is termedplasticizing, the last is in some cases termed curing, but may, perhaps in general, be more appropriately termeddeplasticizing.

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116319

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116321

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116322

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0148-6055    

DOI:10.1122/1.2116323

出版商:The Society of Rheology    

年代:1930

数据来源: AIP