摘要:

Intervention programs that focus on improving antepartum strategies to prevent low-birthweight (LBW) deliveries may miss women who have no or scant prenatal care, as well as women whose medical and social problems antedate pregnancy. The early evaluative reports of a demonstration home visitation and case management program at an urban safety net hospital suggest success in engaging a difficult population of women at high risk for a repeat poor pregnancy outcome by initiating services at the time of delivery of a LBW infant and continuing to provide service throughout the postpartum and interconception periods.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The AfterCare Project was designed to examine barriers to care and to expand outreach by using case management and home visiting to provide support, education, and linkages to health care services for families that were or are homeless in San Francisco. Project staff developed a survey to describe the participants and to provide program evaluation. Participants ages 15–40 years who were pregnant or parenting an infant six months old or younger (N= 79) completed the survey. Permanent housing, employment, and child care presented major challenges for the program participants and were critical to providing a stable life for participants and their families.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Health education curricula and the delivery of specific health services have been evaluated as to their replicability in other settings. Formal studies to evaluate replication of multicomponent community-based program models are scarce. Moreover, the literature does not address the challenges in implementing complex program models and documenting replication. This article describes an initiative to transport and replicate the School/Community Sexual Risk Reduction Model, created in South Carolina, in three Kansas communities over a 4-year period. Objective and subjective assessments of achieving fidelity to the model core components were determined as was a description of factors that enhance or inhibit replication efforts. Assessing replication will be improved when detailed monitoring and process evaluation is in place in the development of the original program and in the replication effort.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Limited health care resources and increasing lifetime costs of treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted disease (STD) patients can devastate rural communities. However, little is known about sexual risk behaviors of rural youth and effective strategies for reducing risks. Administrators of the TriCounty Community Health Center, a nursing center that serves a three-county rural area in northwestern Illinois, designed a community-level HIV/STD prevention program targeted for college-aged students. This prevention program emphasized the acquisition of knowledge, motivation, and behavioral skills for performing specific HIV/STD prevention acts. Results showed improved knowledge and preventive behaviors as long as one year following the interventions.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two small work sites, one rural and one urban, were utilized in a pilot test of a nursing intervention designed to reduce serum cholesterol values in employees at these work sites. Community health nursing faculty and students participated in data collection, analysis, and intervention at each of the work sites. A mobile cardiovascular risk factor identification program used a standardized health risk appraisal instrument, measurement of blood pressure with an aneroid blood pressure cuff, determination of a body mass index (BMI) through height and weight measurement, identification of the transtheoretical change stage related to diet and exercise behaviors, and analysis of a fasting sample of blood for total cholesterol via the Abbott Vision Analyzer portable machine. The rural workers exhibited a lack of knowledge about personal cholesterol values and had experienced no previous cardiovascular screening for risk factors. The urban workers had previous experience with some aspects of cardiovascular screening; many were aware of previously identified personal risk factors. Once current personal risk factors were identified, both employee groups received an education-based individual interview focused on diet and exercise behavior changes that are known to reduce cholesterol and lower other cardiovascular risk factors. One year after the intervention occurred, the rural workers' serum cholesterol values were significantly reduced while those of the urban workers were essentially the same.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The objective of this study was to assess physical activity patterns on a walking trail in a community park. During a two-week period, 200 trail users were interviewed, and an infrared sensor was used to measure trail use. Most respondents (84%) reported participating in regular activity. The environment, park location, safety, pavement, presence of a mile marker, and the absence of motorists were cited as positive trail characteristics. Trail use was heaviest during weekdays in early morning and late afternoon. The presence of a trail within a community park may provide the environmental support needed to maintain suggested levels of physical activity to achieve positive health outcomes.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID