摘要:

SummaryThis paper sets out to explore the potential effects of child impairment upon the development of parent/infant interaction patterns. Interaction is seen as an important determinant of the level of social and material experience to which a child is likely to be exposed. It follows that a reduction or negative alteration of interaction patterns will have important experiential consequences and thence an effect upon cognitive development, social and emotional skills and learning ability. It is shown that the development of interactions is dependent upon stimulation of the mother by the infant and it is postulated that this stimulation or signalling can be potentially inhibited by factors which are inherent in the impairing condition and by affective and cognitive factors projected onto the child by parents. Implications for treatment are considered with emphasis placed upon a need for counselling and guidance.

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1986.tb00494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryAn overview is presented which seeks to describe the typical behaviours and features which characterize communicative acts between caregivers and young infants from birth through to the early stages of language acquisition. These behaviours are held to be significantly different from those which may be observed in adult‐to‐adult discourse. They are automatically adjusted to the received level of language development in the child and are dependent upon the parent‐child relationship. It is hypothesized that these special properties of maternal communicative behaviour are crucial in enabling children to substantiate their language learning capacities. To this extent these properties may be perceived as language teaching strategies even though they are not employed with conscious didactic intent. Because these strategies apparently occur universally and with natural spontaneity in the communicative behaviour adopted by adults towards children, the term ‘language teaching device’ is proposed to encapsulate them. A short consideration is given to the educational implications of the language teaching device for professionals working with children and concerned with promoting language development. Particular reference is made to the very young, the impaired and the developmentall

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1986.tb00495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA modified version of the miniature toys test, originally designed by Sheridan (1975), has been standardized on a sample of 425 children in the age range 18 months to 4½: years. The distinctive features are the assessment of symbolic play and the understanding of prepositions when used in verbal instructions. The acquisition of expressive verbal labels for miniature household objects and transport, and comprehension of questions relating to them have been explored. Responses in some of these areas are not always clear‐cut or are ambiguous. The test will be more suited to the needs of the developmental paediatrician for assessment of children with developmental delay, than for doctors of primary care and health visitors in screening apparently healthy childr

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1986.tb00496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThirty‐two infants with Down's syndrome, who were enrolled in an early intervention programme were followed during the first 2 years of life. Progress in five developmental domains was monitored prospectively by evaluating the children at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. The largest degree of retardation was consistently exhibited in the hearing and speech subscale. The locomotor subscale experienced the most severe decline over the 24 months and was the second most retarded domain at 2 years of age. The remaining three subscales, personal‐social, hand‐eye and performance, demonstrated less severe declines over time as well as actual increases in developmental quotients at specified points in time. The overall performance of female infants at 18 months was significantly better than that of male infants (P = 0·05). The degree of retardation of Down's syndrome infants receiving early intervention services differs according to chronological age, developmental domain a

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1986.tb00497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe debate about provision of health surveillance programmes for preschool children is described. Improvement in the health of the child population has caused a need for its continuance in its present form to be questioned. The aspects of child health and development that still cause concern and the current approaches to them are reviewed. The problem of disadvantaged children and their health needs are discussed. Changes in social policy are required as well as continued initiatives in the provision of preventive health care for vulnerable families.

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1986.tb00498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Handbook of Neonatal Intensive Careby Henry L. Halliday, Garth McClure&Mark Reid.The Hyperactive Child: A Parents' Guideby Eric Taylor.Children's Single‐Word Speechedited by Martyn D. Barrett.Optic Fundus Signs of Developmental and Neurological Disorders in Children. A Manual For Cliniciansby Lois J. Martyn, Anthony J. Pileggi&Henry W. Baird.The Skin and Systemic Disease in Childrenby Sidney Hurwitz.Genetic Biochemical Disordersby Philip F. Benson&Anthony H. FensomChildhood Hearing Impairmentby D. Robert Shea&Andree Durieux‐SmithGenetic and Metabolic Disease in Pediatricsby J. K. Lloyd&C. R. Scri

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1986.tb00499.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY