摘要:

SummaryA recent study by Holmeset al.(1982) revealed a high degree (23%) of grade retention in a group of children with significant short stature secondary to growth hormone deficiency (GHD), constitutional delay (CD); or Turner's Syndrome (TS). Parents indicated in a free response format that ‘immaturity’ and ‘small size’ were the reasons for retention. The present follow‐up study obtained academic achievement data on 47 of the 56 short children from the Holmeset al.(1982) study to assess what role academic factors, not spontaneously mentioned by parents, may have had in the retention decision. Results indicated that despite repeating a year in the primary grades, the group of retained children were still functioning 6 months below grade expectation, compared to grade appropriate achievement in the never‐retained group. Parents and teachers were both accurate in their perceptions of children's academic achievement. Behavioural ratings by teachers indicated more adjustment difficulties for retained children, while parent ratings of behaviour showed a similar high level of problems for short children regardless of retention status. Although both groups of children possessed average intellectual abilities, the retained children obtained lower IQ scores than the never retained children. In summary, a majority of short children were achieving appropriate grade levels, but a substantial minority were experiencing under‐achievement, behaviour problems, and grade retention, despite average

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryChronically ill children become increasingly able to understand their illnesses as they develop intellectually. But cognitive development also brings the ability to grasp the meaning of a poor prognosis or functional limitations, which may take an emotional toll on the youngster. We studied this problem in a sample of children with insulin‐dependent diabetes. Those who had more advanced disease concepts were more worried about their diabetes. Children saw their parents as worried primarily about current management of the disease, suggesting that youngsters' concerns about the future were difficult to discuss at home. There is a need for clinicians and parents to integrate emotional support into the education and management of chronically ill childre

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn a prospective study of 1019 infant and mother pairs, 268 infants suffered with ‘infantile colic’. Significantly more of these were breast fed, supporting the proposed theory of a colic‐producing factor in breast milk. Social class and maternal education were not related to the incidence of colic. Seventy‐two percent of our infants with colic suffered from classical evening colic. The symptoms did not disappear from all the infants by 3 months ‐ over 38% continued to have symptoms after 31/2 months of age. Treatment is limited, but merbentyl helped to relieve symptoms to a varying degree in over 60% of the infants who tried it. The family relationships are often strained during this period and this appears to persist when at one year of age significantly more of these infants were described as demanding, miserable and bad‐tempered by their mothers.Unexplained prolonged crying of infants is often attributed to some form of bowel related discomfort, and this condition is known as infantile colic. It most commonly occurs in the evenings. Symptoms usually disappear by the fourth or fifth month of life. This study was designed to consider the possible aetiological factors and the efficacy of various

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySupplementary foods suited for weaning and feeding of infants were developed, using locally available foods in Punjab. Methods of cooking employed were those used commonly by low and middle income families. Cereal‐pulse combinations along with some sesame seed and groundnuts were used to enhance the protein quality. The ratio used was such that the preparation did not deviate much from the accepted tastes of the population. Fresh green vegetables were also used. Fifteen recipes were standardized and acceptability trials carried out with mothers and infants of the different socio‐economic groups. The preparations were highly accepted by all. Analysis of these were done for protein, calories, vitamin C and iron to see their contribution to the diet. The cost per serving of each recipe for various age groups was worked out and it was observed that at a very low cost a substantial amount of the above nutrients could be given to the infants by including these preparations in their diets. Education of mothers in making these recipes will go a long way towards popularizing such formulati

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis paper re‐examines the rationale for pre‐school intervention programmes and the results from a variety of programmes are reviewed. The distinction is drawn between programmes for the socially disadvantaged and for the handicapped. The importance of parental involvement in such programmes is discussed, both with regard to advantages for the child and for the family. The wide variety of preschool programmes that are possible are examined with consideration given to the population served, the geographical area, the theoretical basis and delivery systems. Considerable attention is paid to the difficulty of evaluating any pre‐school intervention programme. With these points in mind, home visiting, a popular form of pre‐school intervention with practitioners, is examined and advantages and disadvantages of this form of intervention are enumerated. The paper ends with a cautionary note, and attention paid to authors who feel that early intervention can have dangers. The conclusion drawn is that better documentation of the work going on in the field is the only way to overcome gaps in our knowledge and to individualize services to parents and to c

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Child Abuse and Neglect: Sharing Responsibilityby Pamela D. Mayhall&Katherine E. Norgard.Basic Child Psychiatry, Fourth Edition, by Philip BarkerDetection of Developmental Problems in Children (Birth to Adolescence), Second Editionedited by M. Krajicek&A. I. Tearney Tomlinson.Paediatric Consultation Liaison Psychiatryedited by Charles E. Hollingsworth.Cerebral Palsyby James Hardy.A Measure of Our Valuesby Michael Rutter.Developing Thinking: Approaches to Children's Cognitive Developmentedited by Sara Meadows.Bedside Paediatrics ‐ Diagnostic Evaluation of the Childedited by Mohsen Zia

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY