摘要:

AbstractTotal hip replacements are based on a long chain of efforts of partial exchange of joint compartments. Inplants of material of both biological and nonbiological origin have been applied over the past 50 years. Smith‐Pedersen, Judet, Moore, and Thompson are names to be remembered. It was primarily from the idea of firm fixation and low friction between the joint surfaces that today's constructions emerged. Immediate superior clinical results encouraged a strong trend towards hip‐arthroplasties. The orthopedic surgeon can now choose amongst several prosthetic designs, the most common being metal to metal or plastics with or without bone cement. But, after ten years a number of threatening problems have become evident, calling for critical analysis of total joint replacements. Biomechanical, chemical, and morphological disturbances, both in the early and late phases, show that the body has difficulties in tolerating the artificial joint. This survery presents some of the most obvious risks and failures in total hip replaceme

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080403

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe surface replacement hip prosthesis reported represents an attempt to improve upon some aspects of the present design of total hip. The prosthesis comprises a cap fitted over the femoral head and a liner fixed into the socket, both being cemented with methyl methacrylate. The chief advantage of this design is preservation of bone stock. The prostheses were inserted bilaterally into six dogs, and whilst ten joints failed, one case was strikingly successful at two years follow‐up. It was concluded that the design showed sufficient advantages over current total hips and that there was sufficient possibility of success in some application, to merit further stud

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080404

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe human hip joint is capable of carrying loads exceeding several times body weight. The distribution of these loads over the load‐bearing cartilage surfaces in the hip is of considerable interest in terms of studying the behavior of cartilage under various loading conditions. A modified Moore prosthesis has been designed which is capable of measuring in vivo the spatial and temporal pressure variations generated by the loads carried by the hip. The pressures as measured by this device will not only give a good indication of the pressure distributions that occur in the normal hip but will yield quantitative data on the pressures generated between the cartilage surface in the acetabulum and the ball of the prosthesis.The instrumented prosthesis consists of three main elements: a network of pressure transducers distributed over the surface of the ball, a multichannel telemetry device located inside the ball to transmit the information from the transducers to external receiving and recording equipment, and an electromagnetic power induction system which provides an external source of power for the telemetry device inside the prosthesis.A prototype has been fabricated which demonstrates the satisfactory functioning of the complete pressure measuring syste

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080405

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThrough a survey of hip replacement arthroplasty the paper establishes the case for objective evaluation of these joints in the patient. It then outlines a simple, non‐invasive technique, based on Paul's (1967) locomotion studies, to assess pre‐ and postoperative functional capability. Preliminary results which establish viability of the procedure are presen

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080406

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe bone‐implant interface and the accompanying difficulties with fixation continue to be a major area of research activity. Biological fixation would appear to be the ideal method of fixation. Press‐fit metal implants may be part of a larger answer that may include sintering, coatings, or b

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080407

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTotal replacement of the knee joint often remains unsatisfactory because of severe femor‐patellar osteoarthritis.Twenty‐four Walldius knee prostheses were inserted in 21 cases. Since March 1971 we have used a combination of this type of hinge prosthesis with a high‐density polyethylene retropatellar facet prosthesis developed by our group in cooperation with the Badische Anilin‐&Soda Fabrik AG (BASF).Fourteen knees of this combined type have been implanted and resulted in considerably less complaints than the original Walldius knee. The postoperative range of motion with an average of 66° does not differ in bot

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080408

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reviews the first 35 cases of geometric total knee arthroplasties performed on 32 patients at The George Washington University Medical Center. The procedure was done in 25 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 5 patients with osteoartritis, and 2 patients with traumatic arthritis. Ages ranged from 38–83 years with an average of 58 years. This is a short‐term follow‐up with the longest of one year duration and the shortest two months. Fourteen patients had previous knee surgery including one that had three previous procedures. Indications and contraindications are outlined and the surgical procedure is described with an effort to point out certain technique problems. Twenty patients had complete relief of pain, ten had slight pain with activity. One has severe patellofemoral pain on weight‐bearing and one has constant pain. Twenty patients had varying degrees of instability prior to surgery and none following the procedure and a 50° valgus deformity has been corrected satisfactorily. It was observed that patients with restricted motion and pain gained significant motion and pain relief while those with good motion and pain gained less overall and in some instances lost. Peroneal nerve palsies, patellar tendon avulsions, and wound complications are presented. We feel on the basis of this limited experience that this total knee system offers to the patient in need of a salvage procedure a stable, essentially pain‐free knee that has increased mobility an

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080409

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new variant of the hinge type knee prosthesis has been developed in Sheffield, England. To date, the results of the early clinical trial in five patients are satisfactory, but it is recognized that the operation is highly speculative and continuation of the trial is being conducted with extreme caution. The main features are as follows.1The hinge is not provided with a mechanical stop to extension, the posterior ligament providing this check.2The contours of the femoral condyles are preseved.3Debris is collected inside the device.4Replacement of worn plastic components can be conducted without dismantling the knee.5There is a built‐in resilience which is intended to protect the components and the bone‐implant interf

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080410

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA porous titanium alloy called void metal composite (VMC) was investigated for use in knee prosthesis fixation. The interfacial ingrowth fixation of VMC intrameduallary, subchondral, and variable density implants in goat femora was evaluated biomechanically and histologically at six weeks and five months. Biomechanical tests were done under static shear and dynamic, cyclic (fatigue) loading conditions. Readily identifiable bone, strong fixation, and excellent biocompatibility were typical. Some subarticular implants appeared to induce normal hyaline cartilage overgrowth.

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080411

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough degenerative arthritis of the shoulder is quite rare, it does occur. Pain relief was obtained in three such cases by the insertion of a polyethylene glenoid liner made for this purpose and used in conjunction with a standard metal prosthesis for humeral head replacement. Good pain relief and fair motion was obtained.

ISSN:0021-9304    

DOI:10.1002/jbm.820080412

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY