摘要:

AbstractThe reaction of sulphur dioxide‐oxygen mixtures with methyl radicals, generated by the photolysis of azomethane at Λ 3400 Å, has been studied in the temperature range 50–150° in an attempt to evaluate some of the basic reactions involved in the sulphoxidation of free radicals and hydrocarbons. Addition of sulphur dioxide to a mixture of methyl radicals and oxygen leads, unexpectedly, to an initially increased consumption of oxygen.A rate constant has been determined for the reaction:a value of 1·7 × 1016mole−2cm6sec−1being obtained. Using this value, the rate constant for the reaction:has been estimated to be ∼ 7·8 × 107mole−1cm3sec−1.Comparison of the reactions of acetyl and methylsulphonyl radicals with oxygen and with radicals in dicates that in both cases acetyl radicals are much more re

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010180801

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAzoacetoacetanilides condense with primary aliphatic amines to give azoaminocrotoanilides (I). Comparison of the infra‐red and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra with those of model compounds leads to the proposal of formulae of type (VI) as a refinement of formula (I

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010180802

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA variety of cotton articles—such as tea towels, hand towels, and sheets—and test cloths, both cambric and sheeting, have been washed in a ‘Hotpoint’ Empress washing machine in a heavy‐duty detergent product containing radioactive sodium carboxy‐methyl cellulose (SCMC). There was good agreement between the results of laboratory tests using small discs of fabric and results of the practical test. Even when the cotton fabrics had been pre‐washed up to 25 times in a product containing SCMC, some SCMC was still adsorbed (up to 40 μg/g of fabric) in each wash. It is suggested that in each wash some SCMC desorbs from the fabric and is replaced by SCMC adsorbed

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010180803

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA suction potential method is described for the measurement of contact angles in oil‐water‐coal systems. The technique obviates the need to pack identical beds of wet coal. The effect of oiling upon the flow properties of wet fine coal is discussed in the light of these measureme

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010180804

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSmall samples of gas have been withdrawn from the luminous regions of the diffusion flames of ethylene and propane burning on a Wolfhard Parker burner and these have been analysed by gas chromatography.In general, the parent hydrocarbon is rapidly decomposed on approaching and within the luminous region, acetylene being the major hydrocarbon product found. The concentration of acetylene falls rapidly near the interface with the oxidation zone suggesting that the main hydrocarbon oxidised in the latter is acetylene.The rates of soot collection, the uncorrected temperatures in the flames and the concentration of stable hydrocarbon species have also been measured when oxygen, hydrogen and acetylene respectively were added to the fuel stream. Sooting rates and uncorrected flame temperatures have also been measured when the ‘oxygen index’ of the ‘air’ supply was varied, and it has been found that the sooting rate for both fuels increases with an increase in ‘oxygen index,’ the rate of increase falling off, however, at higher values.Oxygen, when introduced into the fuel, leads to increased temperatures and sooting rates in the case of ethylene and to increased temperatures but decreased sooting rates in the case of propane. The sooting rates of flames of ethylene with acetylene or oxygen as additives increase linearly with the area under the acetylene concentration profile in the luminous zone (measured at a height of ∼ 5 mm above the burner). This area is proportional to the amount of acetylene present in the luminous zone at this height, which corresponds roughly with the onset of luminosity. Acetylene thus appears to be the major stable species via which soot is formed in such flames.Propane flames with oxygen as additive to the fuel, however, behave differently in that although there is an increase in temperature and in the amount of acetylene in the luminous zone the sooting rate decreases. This discrepancy remains unexplained and requires further

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010180805

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe nature of metal surfaces (‘heterogeneous’ metals) and the presence of metal complexes (‘homogeneous’ metals) both markedly influence the rate of formation of deposits from hydrocarbon jet fuels at 200 to 500° F in the presence of oxygen. Copper surfaces and titanium alloy surfaces which contain vanadium were found to be particularly deleterious. The addition of 50 ppm metal using various metal acetylacetonates to the hydrocarbon fuel increased the rate of deposit formation by a factor of from 40 to 120 at 300° F. Copper acetylacetonate produced a higher rate of deposit formation than iron, nickel or cobalt acetylacetonates. The relative rate of deposit formation depended on the square‐root of both the vanadium content of the titanium alloys and the concentration of a ferric acetylacetonate

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010180806

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY