摘要:

AbstractCombinations of eight asphaltic bitumens and twelve selected antioxidants have been examined for susceptibility to oxidative hardening. Bitumen films 40μ thick were oxidised at 300 psi in the dark and by simple exposure to solar radiation. Subsequent changes were determined with the sliding plate microviscometer. Many combinations exhibited improved stability and their behaviour is discussed in relation to current theory of autoxidation of hydrocarbons

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160701

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe reaction of acetylene, carbon monoxide and n‐butanol to form n‐butyl acrylate has been studied with several catalysts under a wide range of operating variables. Nickel iodide‐silica gel (Ni:SiO2= 50:50) is the most effective catalyst with 80.3% conversion of acetylene to the ester. Nickel acetate‐silica gel (Ni:SiO2= 50:50) is also a good catalyst (63% conversion). Other reaction products found were carbon dioxide, acrylic acid, acetaldehyde, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, and polymeric p

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160702

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractKetohexoses or potential ketohexoses react rapidly with acids at high temperatures in non‐aqueous solvents (containing the grouping R·O·C·C·OH in their structures1) to produce 5‐hydroxymethyl‐furfural (HMF). HMF reacts further to give the solvent ether (e.g.,II, IIIorIV) in a slow reaction. Several of these ethers have been reduced partially to mono‐ethers of 2,5‐di(hydroxymethyl)furan (V, VIorVII) and fully to mono‐ethers of 2,5‐di(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofu

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160703

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA critical examination has been made of the technique of studying complex reactions by radiochromatography on thin layers infinitely thick to the radiation emitted by the isotope.1The technique has its limitations, but it provides a simple means of studying certain reactions which could not otherwise be readily examined.The reaction of fructose‐U*‐14C with acid in tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol solution illustrates the use of the techni

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160704

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is shown that the two‐phase system, benzene/sulphuric acid, follows a different pattern of sulphonation of benzene to that observed for homogeneous systems by earlier workers. This is ascribed to the diluting effect on the sulphuric acid of the sulphonation reaction, and the establishment of equilibrium conditions.Important results have been obtained on the loss of benzene associated with removal of thiophen in the benzene refining process. The results presented show that effective loss of benzene can be reduced in the presence of hexene, provided no cyclohexene is present. It is also shown that loss of benzene can be minimised by the employment of the lowest practicable reaction temperatur

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160705

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults have been obtained which show that the quantities of 2‐ and 3‐methylthiophens sulphonated in the two‐phase refining process of toluene increase almost linearly with rise in acid concentration. The 2‐isomer is sulphonated at a faster rate than the 3‐isomer. The loss of toluene, associated with a given removal of methylthiophens, can be reduced to a minimum by use of 92%—94% w/w sulphuric acid, but such a procedure would be inefficient in oth

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160706

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperimental investigations were carried out for extracting propionic acid from dispersed toluene to water in a spray extraction tower to ascertain the effect of number of nozzles and flow rates on mass‐transfer coefficient. The effect of the number of nozzles on the mass‐transfer coefficient was negligible when the number of nozzles was increased from 12 to 37. Mass‐transfer coefficients increased with either of the flow rates at a constant value of the

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010160707

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1966

数据来源: WILEY