摘要:

AbstractAn exhaustive investigation has been carried out on the one‐step catalytic conversion of ethanol to butadiene in the presence of a large number of single‐oxide catalyst systems.The oxides of aluminium, magnesium, iron (III), zirconium and thorium, prepared by calcining the precipitate obtained on addition of aqueous ammonia or ammonium carbonate to a solution of the appropriate nitrate, had good catalytic activity, the process yield of butadiene from ethanol being 24.0, 27.4, 29.8, 35.5 and 31.1%, respectively, under optimum conditions, which were: temperature 400–500°; ethanol feed rate 1.256–1.875 ml./h./g. of catalyst.The process yield of butadiene decreased with the water content of

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe activity of a large number of binary‐ and ternary‐oxide catalyst systems comprising dehydrating and dehydrogenating components has been tested for the conversion of ethanol to butadiene in the fixed bed.Alumina‐zinc oxide (60 : 40) was the best catalyst, and it gave a maximum of 55.8% process yield of ethanol to butadiene at a temperature of 425° and ethanol feed rate of 1.875 ml./h./g. of catalyst.Other promising binary catalysts are alumina‐magnesium oxide (80 : 20), alumina‐ferric oxide or ‐chromium oxide (60 : 40) and zirconia‐ferric oxide (40 : 60). These gave maximum process yields of 47.8, 37.7, 47.2 and 39.7% respectively under optimum conditions.Of 40 different ternary‐oxide catalyst systems tried, only alumina‐chromium oxide‐ferric oxide (80 : 5 : 15) was appreciably active giving 35.7% process yield of butadiene under optimum conditions.In general, the ternary‐ are less active than th

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn connexion with the study of extraction of alcohols from hydrocarbons with propylene glycol as solvent, liquid‐phase solubility data and ternary extraction equilibria of systems comprising ethanol and propylene glycol with n‐hexane, cyclohexane and benzene were determined at 30°. The equilibrium results indicate that propylene glycol should be useful as a selective solvent for extraction of ethanol from hydrocar

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been assumed that adsorption of ions on an electrode surface is possible only when the charge of that surface has a sign opposite to that of the ion. This leads, however, to discrepancies between the calculated and experimentally derived zero‐charge potentials.In this paper it will be shown that several extra attractive forces exist. From this it is concluded that adsorption will already begin to take place while the sign of the surface charge is still the same as that of the adsorbed io

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMeasurements of the rate of reduction of chromium (vi) trioxide in acetic acid‐anhydride solution by n‐octane, n‐decane, n‐tetradecane and n‐hexadecane show that the initial rate increases with the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon. The values obtained agree approximately with those calculated from the Chambers&Ubbelohde

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe equilibrium set up when sodium fluorosilicate is dissolved in water has been investigated for a range of concentrations and temperatures. Evidence is presented to show that fluorosilicate, in the strength added to public water supplies, is completely dissociated within the temperature range likely to be encountered.

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe dye‐extraction method for amines and substituted amines is capable of quantitative determination of pure amines and their mixtures in microgram quantities, determination of approximate equivalent weights, and detection of the nature of the amine specie

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe partition of uranium (VI) between sulphuric acid solutions and solutions of some cyclohexyl‐and benzyl‐alkylamines in chloroform or benzene has been investigated when the concentrations of sulphuric acid and solvent and temperature were varied. An infra‐red spectral study has also been made of the organic phases obtained.The mechanism of the extraction of uranium is discussed in the light of the results obt

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe course of a hydration process is uniquely determined by simultaneous consideration of (a) the balance between the matter dissolving from the original phase and growing on the new phase, (b) the mechanism of mass transport (diffusion), (c) the correlation between the mass deposited on the new particles and its rate of growth and (d) the conservation of mass. An estimate shows that, in the case of neat calcium sulphate plasters, diffusion is quantitatively unimportant as a rate‐determining factor and the corresponding simplifications are introduced. As a result, the hydration can be described in terms of one single parameter which depends on the slurry density, the rate of growth constant for the new phase, the difference in solubilities of the two phases, the shape of the new phase, and the effective number of nuclei for the new phase.Supporting experimental evidence is supplied and discusse

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010120310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1962

数据来源: WILEY