摘要:

AbstractThe polymerisation ofp‐[1‐(3′‐buten‐1′‐ynyl)cyclohexyl]phenyl acetate (I, R=Ac) and of the corresponding anisole (I, R=Me) by benzoyl peroxide has been investigated. In further polymerisation experiments with different initiators, the highest degree of polymerisation (∼ 30 monomer units) was achieved with diazoaminobenzene. The copolymerisation of the butenynylcyclohexylanisole with styrene which was also investigated, gave resins with physical properties intermediate between the homopolymers and polystyrene.The polymerisation of allylisopropenyl ketone, derived from 3‐buten‐1‐ynyldimethylcarbinol by way of vinylisopropenylacetylene, and its copolymerisation with styrene was also investigated.4‐Penten‐2‐ynyl acetate and benzoate underwent polymerisation on heating with benzoyl peroxide giving soft gels, but attempts to copolymerise these esters with

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn entrainment method has been used to measure the reduction and dissociation equilibria of β‐zinc sulphide (sphalerite) in hydrogen and nitrogen respectively.Values obtained for ΔH1000in the reactions studied ZnS(β)+Hg(g)=Zn(s)+H2S(g), and ZnS(β)=Zn(g)+½S2(g), were 71.93 ± 1.0 and 93.51 ± 1.0 kcal/mole, respectively.The heat of formation of zinc sulphide was calculated from the reaction Zn(s) + S(rhombic) = ZnS(β), and a value of ΔH298=‐49.2 ± 1.0 kcal./mole was obtained.It is concluded that the observed vapour pressure of ZnS is due completely to dissociation of it into Zn

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn examination has been made of the adsorption of phenols and carboxylic acids (including naphthenic acids) from hydrocarbon solvents, especially benzene, using a strongly basic anion‐exchange resin in hydroxide, chloride and bicarbonate forms after pretreatment of the water‐wet resin with (A) benzene, (B) methanol and (C) methanol followed by drying, resins treated as (B) and (C) being then treated with benzene.The possibilities of the uses of these pretreated resins for separation of phenols from carboxylic acids or fractionation of mixtures of phenols or acids are discussed. Application of the procedure to the separation of higher‐alkylated phenols from lubricating oil is desc

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTitania (crystalline or amorphous) has a negligibly small water‐solubility over the pH range approx. 3–12; silica (crystalline or amorphous) has a low but quite measurable solubility, with a minimum at pH about 2.5–3.Rutile, lightly etched with hydrofluoric acid, shows an enhanced solubility, but quartz, similarly treated, shows a reduced solubility.The rate of solution in aqueous media provides no evidence for the existence on rutile of a highlysoluble disturbed surface layer such as exists on quartz.Adsorption of basic dyestuffs by titania broadly resembles that shown by silica, although the extent of adsorption is gr

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe specific surface of tridymite samples in the size range 0.5‐40 μ has been determined by gas‐adsorption (with nitrogen and krypton as adsorbates), and by air permeability and microscopy. The results, together with those from X‐ray diffraction studies, suggest that tridymite in contrast to quartz has neither a fine external surface nor an ‘amorphous’ layer. Specific surface values determined by nitrogen adsorption and by krypton adsorption are in better agreement when the krypton atom is assigned a value of 19.5Å2rather than the calculated value.It is concluded that the dissolution of silica and of its easily soluble surface layer play a very insignificant role in silicosis. Unetched tridymite has greater fibrogenic activity than unet

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPastes of tricalcium silicate (C3S)* and β‐dicalcium silicate (β‐C2S) have been cured at various temperatures mainly in the range 18–200°. Over the whole of this range, C3S reacts more quickly than β‐C2S, giving initially a matrix composed of very badly crystallised material related to tobermorite, mixed with Ca(OH)2. With C3S at about 50° and above, other compounds are also formed, crystallising usually, if not always, from this matrix, and replacing it completely at the higher temperatures. C2α‐hydrate is thus formed at 130–200°, and C3H1.5in two distinct ranges, 50–170° and 190–500°. Above 300°, calcio‐chondrodite (C2.5SH0.5) is also formed. With β‐C2S pastes at all temperatures below 200° the initial product is similarly a matrix of tobermoritic material, but little or no Ca(OH)2is formed. C2α‐hydrate crystallises from this matrix at 120–180°, but no C3SH1.5is formed. Dehydration isobars afforded tentative quantitative phase analyses for several cured pastes. The Ca/Si ratio estimated for the tobermoritic material in C3S pastes c

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree kinds of starch, viz., white potato, maize and wheat were added in the dry state to sodium aluminate solutions, and the solutions decomposed by seeding with hydrargillite. The decomposition rates were compared. Although starch added in the dry state always acts to promote the decomposition, the order of the effect is: white potato, maize and wheat (least). White potato starch gelatinised by boiling in water, does not promote decomposition.From these experiments, it is inferred that the presence of starch is undesirable in the process of seeding decomposition of sodium aluminate solution, because, although starch promotes the decomposition initially, it may retard it if the starch molecule is changed in industrial processes such as concentration.

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractReactions of cyanoalkyl‐ and methoxycarbonylalkyl‐tin compounds with lithium aluminium hydride and Grignard reagents have been studied. Several new organo‐tin compounds containing hydroxyalkyl, aminoalkyl and ketoalkyl groups are desc

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090308

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhereas in α‐substituted organo‐tin nitriles and esters the functionally substituted group is easily removed from the tin atom, it appears that groups in which the substituent occupies a β‐position or beyond with respect to the tin atom are very resistant to tin‐carbon bond cleavage. With compounds containing groups of the latter type, the reactions studied result in rapid cleavage of unsubstituted aryl or alkyl groups.Various organo‐tin halides containing alkyl groups substituted in the β‐position or beyond

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090309

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSodium derivatives of sucrose have been prepared in a number of solvents. Reactions with sodium in pyridine and morpholine at 110° give products which are not true substitution derivatives but analyse more closely to sodium‐hydroxide‐addition compounds containing varying amounts of solvent. In liquid ammonia, sucrose reacts with sodium at ‐−33° to give true sodium sucrates, C12H22‐xO11Nax, provided extreme care is taken to exclude moisture at all stages in the preparation. Monosodium sucrate is a crystalline material containing one molecule of ammonia, but the higher sucrates are white, hygroscopic powders containing very little ammonia. Sucrates can also be prepared with sodamide in liquid ammonia, and this method is suitable for highly substituted derivatives up to the heptasodium derivative. Two methods are described for the estimation of sucrose in sodium

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010090310

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY