摘要:

AbstractX‐ray scattering intensities have been obtained of seven vitrinites of different rank and a natural graphite before and after treatment with lithium in ethylenediamine. Scattering intensities showed extensive changes in the arrangement of carbon atoms. The major apparent change occurred at low and moderately low scattering angles. The peaks attributed to parallel packing of aromatic layers were displaced to lower angles corresponding to increase ind‐spacings from about 3·6 to 4·6Å. These findings suggest that conversion of planar aromatic layers to buckled hydrogenated rings has occurred. Graphite was partly hydrogenated and showed a distinct new peak at ad‐spacing of 4·8Å, in addition to the (002) peak at 3·35Å.The treated vitrinites showed less small‐angle scattering, the decrease probably being caused by expansion of the layers at the expense of small pores, that is, inhomogeneities. For medium‐ and high‐rank coals, the scattering intensities at high angles showed only minor changes consistent with conversion of aromatic to alicyclic structures and not to ope

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100502

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractElastomers can be identified readily from the infra‐red spectra of their pyrolysates if they are pyrolysed under controlled conditions and interfering additives removed by fractional distillation. Identification of additives separated by fractional sublimation or distillation is possible in many case

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100503

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn account is given of the preparation of aluminium di‐(2‐ethylhexyl) mono‐s‐butoxide and of the measurement of its rate of gelation when reacting with water to give aluminium monohydroxy‐di‐2‐ethyl hexoate, in

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100504

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn account is given of the laboratory preparation of the aluminium di‐soap of 2‐ethylhexoic acid, using a continuous process. The effect, on the composition and quality of the soap produced, of varying the conditions of preparation has been found.It is shown that the product of the best quality, when judged by the consistency and storage stability of gels in hydrocarbons, is produced when the reaction pH is kept within the range 3·6

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100505

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn account is given of the continuous preparation of a mixture of aluminium di‐soaps of straight and branched‐chain aliphatic acids containing 8–12 carbon atoms in the molecule. A high‐quality product can be obtained by maintaining the reaction mixture at pH 3·7–4·0 at a temperature of 58–60°.When the results given in Parts I–IV are considered, it can be seen that gel strength, at equal concentrations in hydrocarbon, is in the inverse order of the acid molecular weight, thus confirming that gelation is a mole

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100506

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe three concentration mass‐action constants in the system lithium, potassium and magnesium dissolved in bismuth, and magnesium chloride in the lithium chloride–potassium chloride eutectic (59 mol.‐ % LiCl) have been determined at 500°; from the results the activity coefficients of potassium in bismuth and of magnesium chloride in the salt have been calculated for dilute sol

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100507

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe preparation and chemical properties of compounds of type I below are surveyed. Several novel heterocyclic derivatives of such compounds have been prepared.

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100508

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn account is given of the distribution of chloride, sulphate and ammonia in airborne particles at many sites in Great Britain. The distribution of chloride, subject to many local anomalies, has the same general relation to distance from the sea as was found in West Africa.1The atmospheric corrosion of steel and zinc varies comparatively little between sites and bears no relation to salinity. Movement of exposed surfaces increases salt deposition and the corrosion of metals.

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100509

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWaxes suitable for use in the polish industry can be prepared by acylating aliphatic diamines with wool wax acids or with woolgrease stearines, but it is essential that the unsaponifiable material should be removed from the acids, otherwise the product is soft and tacky. The rheological properties of the ethylenediamides and the hexamethylenediamides of suitably refined woolgrease acids are superior to those of beeswax.

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100510

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010100511

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY