摘要:

AbstractA detailed quantitative study has been made of the infra‐red spectra between 2.5 and 15.0 μ of some 19 fatty acids, including mono‐unsaturated acids as well as the polyunsaturated acids, conjugated and non‐conjugated.In some cases the results permit assignment of thecis‐trans‐structure of the double bonds of the fatty acids and are useful in the analysis of isomeric mixtures, such as may arise during the process of dehydrating castor oil and in the preparation of linseed

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031002

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA neutral oil boiling above 380°/760 mm., obtained from a soft vertical‐retort coal‐tar pitch, has been separated by chromatography into paraffin waxes, fluorescent oils, solids and brown residual oils.The fluorescent oils, which cannot be induced to crystallize, consist mainly of non‐picrate‐forming components, which have average molecular weights of about 250 and average hydrogen: carbon ratios of about 1·1:1. These oils are resistant to dehydrogenation.The chief components of the solids are: fluoranthene, pyrene, brazan, 2:3‐benzofluorene, 5:12‐dihydronaphthacene, chrysene and 1:2‐benzanthracene. Minor components that have been identified are: 4‐methylpyrene, 1:2:8‐trimethylphenanthrene, triphenylene, 2:3‐benzocarbazole, 1:2‐benzofluorene, an alkylbrazan and an unidentified compound, C16H10OS.1:2‐Benzocarbazole has been separated from the brown residual oils.Of these substances, 5:12‐dihydronaphthacene, 4‐methylpyrene and 1:2:8‐trimethylphenanthrene have not previou

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031003

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn Part I the similarity between the evolution of gas from a liquid, and the evaporation of vapour from a pure liquid, is discussed. Equations are developed which incorporate the energy of cavity formation in the liquid to accommodate the gas molecule, and the interaction energy between the gas and solvent molecules, based on solubility, surface tension and temperature.Experiments for determining the solubilities of helium in three low‐vapour‐pressure liquids are described in Part II; the results conform to linear plots, according to the equations formulated in Part I.In Part III, the theory of Part I is applied to the solubilities of air (nitrogen and oxygen) in a variety of petroleum oils ranging from heavy lubricating oils to aircraft fuels; reasonably consistent values were obtained for the radii of the gas molecules, the interaction energies and the heats of evolution. Positive and negative temperature coefficients of solubility are explained by the behaviour of linear plots. The conclusion is reached that the variation of gas solubility with temperature is similar in principle to the variation of vapour pressure with temperature, when allowance is made for the surface tension of the liquid and the polarizability of the gas molec

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031004

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe variations in the state of the atmosphere during a fire have been investigated in the course of tests in which two full‐scale houses were completely burnt out. The analysis of the atmosphere (in rooms remote from the point of origin of the fire) showed that, in the early stages of the fire, the combustion of the wood and other cellulosic constituents of the house and furnishings was practically complete; in the later stages, however, the oxygen supply was inadequate and resulted in the appearance of the products of destructive distillation and the smoke‐logging of the room. Because of such variations in the atmosphere with time it is difficult to determine from laboratory‐scale experiments the probable composition of the atmosphere in burning buil

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031005

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the course of a programme of investigation into the commercial possibilities of phenanthrene, diphenic acid has been obtained as the main product of its direct oxidation, instead of the more usual phenanthraquinone. Attempts to oxidize the hydrocarbon to diphenic acid catalytically with air or oxygen in the liquid phase have failed. The preparation and properties of alkyl esters of diphenic acid, some of which are of potential use as plasticizers, are described. Alkyd resins prepared from diphenic anhydride have been shown to possess properties comparable with those of phthalic alkyds.

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031006

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn apparatus of the concentric‐cylinder type for the determination of the thermal conductivity of electrically insulating liquids is described. Thermal conductivity measurements can be made rapidly over a wide range of temperature and the results obtained on tetraoctyl silicate at temperatures up to 220° are given. Results for a number of pure liquids are also presented and are compared with values obtained from the literatu

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031007

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031008

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8871    

DOI:10.1002/jctb.5010031001

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1953

数据来源: WILEY