ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The association between maternal low birthweight (LBW) and infant low birthweight has been explored in previous studies in mainly middle and upper income, Caucasian populations. This study investigated whether the association found in these populations is true in a racially mixed, low socio‐economic group. A case‐control methodology was used and estimates of association were derived by means of logistic regression analyses. Data were gathered for 167 LBW infant‐mother dyads and 338 adequate weight infant‐mother controls matched on race and parity. The odds of a LBW infant having a LBW mother were 80% more likely than for adequate weight infants (OR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.14–2.84). This association was stronger for Hispanic women and their infants than for Black or non‐Hispanic White women and their infants. Women who were both preterm and LBW had the higher estimate of risk for infant LBW than women who were LBW due to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). As found in previous research, the estimate of association between maternal LBW and infant LBW was greater for those infants who were LBW due to IUGR than those who were LBW due to being premature. The question of whether maternal LBW is also associated with increased risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity is as yet left

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.A prospective study of risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in all very low birthweight (<1500 g) infants born in New Zealand in 1986 is reported. Of 413 liveborn infants admitted to neonatal units, 338 (81.2%) survived to be discharged home. Of surviving infants, 313 (93%) were examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy, as were eight infants who died before discharge. Sixty‐nine infants (21.5% of 321) had acute retinopathy. On multiple logistic regression analysis, three variables made statistically significant independent contributions to the risk of any acute retinopathy; gestational age (P<0.0001), principal hospital caring for the infant (P<0.01) and treatment with indomethacin (P<0.01). Only two variables, gestational age (P<0.0001) and hospital (P<0.01), made significant contributions to the risk of stage 2 or more ROP. For both categories of ROP, timing of the examination also had a statistically significant effect (P<0.001). After adjustment for other significant predictor variables, it was estimated that approximately 70% of infants of less than 26 weeks' gestation were at risk of ROP and nearly 50% of stage 2 or more ROP, in comparison with less than 2% of infants of 32 weeks' gestation or more; infants treated with indomethacin were over 1.5 times more likely to have ROP than infants not so treated. Failure to enforce uniform timing of examination was the most serious defect in the study; only 205 (64%) of the 321 infants were examined at the recommended time. However, reanalysis of the model with information limited to these 205 infants yielded similar risk factors. The incidence of ROP, both observed (P<0.05) and adjusted for other significant variables in the regression model (P<0.01) was lowest in the two largest level III hospitals. These hospitals also had the best survival rates after adjustment for birthweight, gestation and gender (P<0.01). We speculate that the larger level III units obtained better results because their size and experience enabled them to provide a better overall quality of car

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00747.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.In the week 3–9 March 1958, 98% of all births in England, Scotland and Wales (approximately 17000) were studied in the Perinatal Mortality Survey. The follow‐up of surviving children, known as the National Child Development Study, comprises four major sweeps at ages 7, 11, 16 and 23. Medical examinations were conducted at each age, except at 23 when health was self‐reported. Details of the child's family background and socio‐economic circumstances were recorded, together with assessments of their social development and educational attainment. Seventy‐six per cent of the target population were interviewed at age 23. The health of subjects in the 1958 cohort has been described in over 200 publications but there is no comprehensive account of findings from birth to age 23. This overview attempts to redress this. As new data are gathered from the study subjects at age 33, opportunities will exist to investigate associations between childhood factors and health in midlife. Data on their partners and children will be included, allowing studies of inter‐generational and family health. Further indications of changing illness patterns will be possible from comparisons with data collected on earlier and later b

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00748.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00749.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00750.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Epidemiology of Congenital Malformations. E.G. Knox, R.J. Lancashire.Children of Alcoholics: Critical Perspectives. Editors: Michael Windle, John S. Searles.Brain, Behaviour and Iron in the Infant Diet. Editor: John Dobbing.Advances in Paediatric Infectious Diseases vol. 6. Editors: S.C. Aronoff, W.T. Hughes, S. Kohl

ISSN:0269-5022    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3016.1992.tb00751.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY