ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030111

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030072

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine the pattern of investigation for maternal immune disorder after late fetal death. We undertook a survey, by questionnaire, of all the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (R.C.0.G.) district tutors in the United Kingdom. There was a 91.6 per cent response rate. Sixty—nine per cent of units wed written guidelines as suggested by the R.C.O.G. Only 33 per cent of units routinely assay for anticardiolipin antibodies. Antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (anti—Ro and anti—La) were requested by 8 per cent of units and allo—immune anti—platelet antibodies by I per cent. The most commonly performed investigation was assay of antinuclear antibodies (43 per cent). Routine assays for anti—neutrophil cytopiasin antibodies were performed by 4 per cent of units. rheumatoid factor by 12 per cent and C1 esterase inhibitor by 3 per cent. One—third of units undertook no routine investigations at all. Research—based evidence suggests that. after late fetal death, assays for anti—phospholipid antibodies should be undertaken routinely whilst anti—Ro, anti—La and allo—immune anti—platelet antibodies should be performed if indicated by postniortem findings. All other tests for immune disorder should be abandoned. It is clear that many units are omitting investigations of proven clinical value and that others are performing unnecessary laboratory investigations.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030073

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of the introduction of a protocol for the investigation of intrauterine death. We found that although such a protocol increased the number of investigations performed, many were still omitted. Despite investigation the cause of death remained unknown in the vast majority of cases. The most useful investigations were the Kleihauer, fetal X-ray, placental histology and the anticardiolipin antibodies.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030074

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA retrospective review of induction of labour after singleton fetal death in the third trimester was carried out. third particular interest in the use, efficacy and incidence of side—effects of 16,16-dimethyl-trans-D2 prostaglandin El methyl ester, Gemeprost. In the 147 cases studied. gemeprost was the commonest induction agent used (43 women) with prostin E: vaginal gel the next most common (35 women). The efficacy of gemeprost was slightly less than prostin (88.3 per cent versus 91.4 per cent successful induction) but gemeprost had a significantly shorter induction to delivery time. It was also less invasive requiring artificial rupture of membranes and syntocinon significantly less often. There were three ruptured uteri, one each in the gemeprost and prostin groups and one out of the 40 spontaneously labouring women. This suggests that monitoring of uterine contractions is important despite the demise of the fetus, that cervical preparation with mifepristone should be considered and that the second trimester dose of gemeprost may be too high for third trimester induction.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030075

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryProstaglandins are the most efficient cervical ripening and labour inducing agents in the presence of an unfavourable cervix. Unfortunately commercially manufactured prostaglandins registered for cervical ripening and labour induction are expensive and require continuous refrigeration, rendering them inappropriate for the developing world. Misoprostol has been found to be superior to placebo. while as effective as dinoprostone tablets and intracervical gel in cervical ripening and labour induction. This is the first study that compares misoprostol with dinoprostone vaginal gel. In our study there was a significantly shorter induction delivery time and lower caesarean section rate in the misoprostol group. While the study shows misoprostol to be an efficient induction agent, we remain concerned about the safety of misoprostol as a labour induction agent.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030076

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryDuring the years 1985 to 1994 we followed 50 pregnancies of 46 women, age 22–42, with Graves’disease, divided in three groups depending on thyroid status upon their first examination after pregnancy was established. A: (seven pregnancies) Graves’and pregnancy were diagnosed concomitantly. B: (15 pregnancies) Graves was in remission and no medication was being used. C: (28 pregnancies) Graves was being treated with drugs. The patients were followed clinically and by T4 RIA, T3 RU and FTI measurements. The drugs used were either carbimazole or propylthiouracil. During delivery T3, T4and TSH were measured in the umbilical cord of 34 out of the 50 neonates. During pregnancy treatment was discontinued in 317 pregnancies of group A, in 15/28 of C, while the 15 women of B remained in remission without treatment. All neonates were euthy-roid. During the next two years after delivery, 28/46 women relapsed. We conclude that (a) Graves’remains in remission during the second and third trimesters, once successful remission has been achieved during the first; (b) neonatal morbidity is not increased whereas there is a high (60 per cent) rate of postpartum relapse.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030077

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryRecent studies suggest that pregnant women are accurate in estimating the weights of their unborn babies. Surprisingly, the accuracy of estimation by midwives has not been assessed considering that they conduct most normal deliveries. We recruited 386 women of mixed parity, at term, in labour and asked them, with their attending midwives, to estimate weight of the unborn baby. Estimations by women in their first full term pregnancy was similar to those of women with previous deliveries. Estimations to within 300 g of actual birth weight was 50 per cent in the nulliparous and 52 per cent in multiparous women, while at 500 g they were 70 per cent and 80 per cent respectively. Midwives were similar in their estimation of 65 per cent at 300 g and 85 per cent at 500 g of birthweight regardless of parity. This ability of estimating weight for all groups is however limited to the average-sized baby with the accuracy decreasing at extremes of birth-weight.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030078

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to study whether or not women with prolonged pregnancy have increased levels of anxiety and depression, a prospective questionnaire based observational study was canied out on 51 consecutive women with pregnancies extending beyond 42 weeks. Anxiety and depression levels were measured using standard jcales; the State-Trait Inventory (STAI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD); and compared with 51 women with term pregnancy. State anxiety refers to a person's momentary or situational anxiety and it varies in intensity over time and across settings. Trait anxiety. in contrast, refers to one's more stable, characteristic overall level of anxiety. The results showed that the women whose pregnancy lasted more than 42 weeks were more anxious than those who delivered at term(P

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030079

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFifty-six women with a prolonged interpregnancy interval of 7 years or more were identified over a 5 month period, and a questionnaire administered in the post-partum period, investigating the prolonged interval. Fifty-six women with interpregnancy intervals less than 7 years acted as controls. Thirty six (64 per cent) of the pregnancies were unplanned compared with 26 (46 per cent) in the control group. Four women in the study group had actually sought terminations, compared with none in the control group. All four had their requests for termination turned down as they presented in advanced pregnancy, to their gynaecologists having not realised they were pregnant until too late. This suggests a blunting of the pregnancy experience by the prolonged interval, in this group of women.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443619609030080

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY