摘要:

SummaryBlood and placental smears from non-pregnant volunteers and placentas of normotensive pregnancies showed the presence of the newly described helminth,Hydatoxi lualba, making it an unlikely cause of toxaemia and trophoblastic disease. Further investigation has clearly indicated thatHydatoxi lualbais an artefact of the specific staining technique used.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075718

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPlasma urate levels obtained from 47 pregnant normotensive and 26 pre-eclamptic diabetic patients were grouped according to gestation and compared with pregnancy levels found in 399 normotensive and 42 preeclamptic non-diabetics. Before 20 weeks urate levels were significantly lower in the diabetic patients, whether they developed pre-eclampsia or not, when compared to the equivalent non-diabetic patients. This observation cannot be explained in terms of sampling differences between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups but is consistent with knowledge of urate levels in the nonpregnant diabetic. Between 21 and 25 weeks levels obtained did not differ between the groups. After 26 weeks of pregnancy there were no differences between diabetics and non-diabetics but pre-eclamptic patients in both the diabetic and non-diabetic groups had significantly higher levels than did the equivalent normotensive patients.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075719

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis paper follows a pattern similar to those of the earlier years, the assessment being made after perusal of the hospital notes or very full summaries in all the cases. The chief finding is a marked decrease in the deaths from rhesus haemolytic disease of the newborn in 1981 and reasons for this are discussed. There is also evidence of a considerable improvement in death certification but nevertheless errors still occur and examples are given. New information from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys about the multiple coded cases, that is the sample extracted where haemolytic disease was only the antecedent or contributory cause of death, has necessitated a slight alteration of the estimated number of rhesus deaths given in the previous papers.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075720

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryConjoined twins have attracted the attention of investigators throughout the ages. The occurrence of‘double monsters’was known to the Hippocratic school and intermittent reports have appeared in the medical and lay literature since that time.There is a wide variation in the reported incidence of conjoined twinning. In an analysis of 81 sets of conjoined twins born in the United States of America during the period 1970-77, Edmonds and Layde (1982) calculated an incidence of 10·25 per million births. In recent years a number of births of fused twins in Southern Africa have been documented. Twelve pairs were described by Bhettayet al.(1975) and a further three sets were alluded to in a later report by the same authors (Nelsonet al., 1976). Subsequently a further 16 pairs have been born and data are now available concerning a total of 31 sets (Viljoenet al., 1983).Conjoined twinning has important obstetric implications. For this reason we have analysed the available antenatal, perinatal and postnatal details of the cases in our series.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075721

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPreterm premature rupture of membranes complicates about 0·7-2·1 per cent of pregnancies (Christensenet al., 1976; Artalet al., 1979). Before 34 weeks most obstetricians follow an expectant policy with a sterile speculum examination, vaginal swabs for culture, bed rest and 4 hourly measurement of temperature. Although the patient is allowed up in order to go to the toilet she is usually not allowed to have a bath. A rationale for this is that the water may enter the vagina with the patient sitting in the bath and that this might encourage ascending infection. Patients are therefore usually asked to shower. Showers are not the normal mode of bathing in the English population. A study was undertaken to see if bath water does enter the vagina.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075722

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo hundred and sixty antenatal cardiotocograms on 68‘at risk’antenatal patients were evaluated against 3 definitions of fetal outcome. Reactivity was defined by a single fetal heart rate acceleration of at least 15 beats per minute above the baseline lasting at least 15 seconds. The low sensitivity of a non-reactive antenatal cardiotocogram precludes its application as a screening procedure or as confirmation of a compromised fetus. The excellent specificity of a reactive antenatal cardiotocogram reassures the clinician that the fetus is not compromised. Cardiotocography performed closer to the onset of labour predicts the likelihood of intrapartum fetal distress more accurately.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075723

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn an effort to understand the clinical significance of meconium staining of the amniotic fluid, the optical density of meconium stained amniotic fluid in 100 patients was measured and related to the development of fetal distress and to the condition of the baby at birth as assessed by the Apgar score at 1 and 5 minutes. Seventeen babies developed fetal distress and in 15 of these the optical density score was greater than 5. Thick meconium staining was observed in 13 of these cases and light meconium staining in 4 cases. In cases of fetal distress an optical density score of greater than 5 was more sensitive (88 per cent) than clinical assessment of meconium staining (76 per cent).

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075724

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA new method of conservative surgery of cervical pregnancy is reported and one successfully treated case is described. It is suggested that after hysterotomy, by partial obliteration of the enlarged cervical cavity with interrupted sutures, as after the enucleation of a large cervical myoma, hysterectomy can be avoided.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075725

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn 1907 Halberstaedter and von Prowazek described intracytoplasmic inclusions in the conjunctival scrapings of orang-utans that had been infected with material from patients with trachoma. Subsequently, they described similar inclusions in conjunctival epithelial cells from infants with ophthalmia neonatorum (1909) and these findings were confirmed by others. Heyman (1910) observed inclusions in cells from the cervical smear of the mother, and the urethral smear of the father, of an infant suffering from what today is known as inclusion blenorrhoea. The inclusions were thought to be a form of the organism responsible for the disease (Schachter and Dawson, 1978). The name‘chlamydia’originated from Halberstaedter's and von Prowazek's description in 1907 as‘mantled animals’. There is, in fact, no mantle but the name chlamydia has remained.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075726

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOne hundred and fifty-seven patients underwent Wertheim's radical abdominal hysterectomy in the Wolverhampton hospitals between 1966 and 1980. In this retrospective study, data are presented about the complications and results of the operations with particular reference to the influence of preliminary radiotherapy and the great advantage of hypotensive anaesthesia. The urinary fistula rate was 3·1 per cent and there were no operative deaths.

ISSN:1340-9654    

DOI:10.3109/01443618409075727

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY