摘要:

AbstractStock plants of pea (Pisum sativumL. cv. Alaska) were grown at different controlled levels of irradiance (4, 16 or 38 W m−2) for 11 days from sowing. Morphactin (CFM, methyl‐2‐chloro‐9‐hydroxy‐fluorene‐9‐carboxylate) was applied to the apex of the stock plants 3 days before cuttings were excised. The cuttings were rooted at 16 W m−2. High levels of morphactin (>5 × 10−3mg l−1) inhibited root formation in the cuttings. Low concentrations of CFM (5 × 10−5mg l−1) promoted the formation of adventitious roots in cuttings from plants grown at all three levels of irradiance, with the most pronounced effect in cuttings from 4 W m−2. Measurements of ethylene evolution by CFM‐treated plants 3 days after application, revealed a stimulatory effect on ethylene produc

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDark‐grown barley seedlings which had been irradiated for 6 to 8 h have been shown to contain fatty acid esters of phytol. No such esters could be found in non‐irradiated seedlings. The fatty acids were saturated or had only one double bond. The most prominent acid was palmitic acid.Isolated etio‐chloroplasts from non‐irradiated and irradiated barley seedlings also contained phytylpyrophosphate. The ratio of free phytol to phytylpyrophosphate is only little changed when the seedlings are irradiated for 6 to 8 h. The chemical identifications of free phytol and the phytol derivatives are based upon combined gas chromatography/mass spect

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring progressive stages of drought and subsequent recovery through rewatering, foliage of 2‐year‐old seedlings of Douglas‐fir was sampled for water potential, stomatal resistance, and abscisic acid content (ABA). Simultaneous measurements of soil matric potential were also made. There was a rapid rise in stomatal resistance in the range of 1500–2000 ng ABA g−1dry weight of foliage corresponding with a plant water potential of –10 to –12 bars. Soil matric potential seemed more closely associated with ABA increase than did plant water potential. After rewatering, seedlings returned to normal ABA levels

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInhibitors of chymotrypsin and the alkaline proteinase ofAspergillus oryzaewere present in the shoots of barley seedlings and weak activities were also detected in the shoot tops of 6‐week‐old plants. Treatments which induce inhibitor formation in tomato and potato leaves had no effect when tested on mature leaves, seedlings, or young tillers of barley.Fractionation experiments with isoelectric focusing showed that the barley leaves contained several proteinase inhibitors acting on both chymotrypsin and the Aspergillus proteinase, and one inhibitor which acted only on the Aspergillus enzyme. All of these inhibitors were different from the five Aspergillus proteinase inhibitors which are abundant in the endosperm of resting seeds. Two chymotrypsin inhibitors with weaker activity on the Aspergillus proteinase were present in rootlets and also in embryos of resting seeds. These inhibitors were different from both the endospermal inhibitors and the inhibitors present in young lea

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChanges in growth, endogenous levels of hormones, ethylene evolution and cellulytic and pectolytic enzyme activities of cherry tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentumMill. cv. Small Fry) were assayed from anthesis through ripening. After anthesis, growth of cherry tomato fruit follows a three‐dimensional and sigmoid growth pattern which consits of cell division, cell enlargement, mature green, pink and red stages. Cytokinins and auxins were abundant and reached their peak during early development (cell division). Gibberellin levels were more prominent during the period of cell enlargement and reached a peak before the green mature stage. Levels of abscisic acid increased gradually during maturation and reached a maximum in the advanced green mature stage. Respiration pattern was characterized by a climacteric peak at the pink stage. Ethylene production remained less than 2 μl/kg fresh weight an hour until shortly before mature green stage, then rose rapidly to a maximum at pink stage. Activities of cellulytic and pectolytic enzymes were first detected at the green mature stage and increased rapidly during fruit ripeni

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEndogenous auxin levels in the shoots of apple cv. Ingrid Marie (red mutant) treated with SADH (succinic acid‐2,2‐dimethylhydrazide) were measured. SADH was applied in aqueous solution at 12.5, 25 or 50 mMconcentrations in June, 3 weeks after flowering. The defoliated shoot tips were analysed just before SADH spray and 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after spraying. Similar treatments had been made in earlier years.When analysed before the treatment of the year started, shoot extracts of control plants contained higher auxin level than those shoots which were to receive SADH treatment, indicating a residual effect of SADH treatmens during previous years. There was almost no auxin activity in the shoots analysed after 7, 15 and 30 days of SADH treatment. The control plants maintained a high level of auxin activity during this period. However, after 60 days of treatment, shoots treated with 25 or 50 mMexhibited higher auxin activity than control shoots. There appears to be no relationship between the SADH concentration and reduction in auxin activity in the shoots at early stages after treatm

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTreatment ofCucumisleaf discs with light and low temperature (1°C) resulted in degradation of the total lipids. In addition, a decrease of the linolenic acid content of the glycolipids of leaves and leaf discs took place while at the same time an increase in the content of unidentified degradation products from the glycolipids was observed. The decrease of the linolenic acid content was not due to galactolipase activity, since no monogalactosyl diglyceride acyl hydrolase activity was found. Dark and low temperature did not alter the fatty acid composition. Blue light and low temperature resulted in a decrease of the linolenic acid content, while yellow‐, red‐ and far red light in combination with low temperature were ineffec

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe auxin to cytokinin ratios are described for promoting growth in thein vitrocultures of soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr. cv. Bragg) and perennial clover (Trifolium repensL. cv. Regal Ladinc). Callus growth was induced on somatic tissue with 50:1 auxin to cytokinin (w/w) ratio. A 5:1 ratio served for initiation of cell suspensions from callus and for subsequent growth of callus from cells in suspension. A 1:2 ratio served for regeneration of buds and plantlets from the callus grown from cells. Although (2,4‐dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid was the auxin for suspension and regenerative cultures, (2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid was the more effective auxin for initiation of callus on somatic tissue. All cultures were grown with 6‐furfurylaminopurine as the cytokinin.The phytohormones strongly influenced the rates of culture growth, but determination of culture type was augmented bydl‐alpha tocopherol acetate and iron. Tocopherol and a relatively high complement of iron promoted growth of juvenile cultures, whereas low level of iron and absence of tocopherol favored growth to comparatively more differentiated cultures. Without tocopherol, no callus formed on somatic tissue during the allotted period of incubation. Tocopherol plus a complement of low iron enabled growth of callus on rapidly growing somatic tissue. A high level of iron enabled comparatively more callus growth but suppressed growth of somatic tissue. In suspension cultures tocopherol and a high iron level enhanced dispersion of cells. A low iron complement in the absence of tocopherol induced growth of callus from cells and subsequent regeneration of buds and plantlets from the

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractArchegonial differentiation in light‐grown gametophytes ofLygodium japonicumwas partially inhibited by exogenously applied gibberellin A3(GA3) at a concentration of 10−6M, and fully prevented at 10−5M. The inhibitory effect was nullified by transferring the GA3‐treated samples onto fresh media omitting GA3, so that the archegonial formation became discernible 6 days after the transplantation. The application of 10−4MGA3to younger gametophytes brought about a complete inhibition of archegonial differentiation, whereas the same concentration applied to older gametophytes did not influence the process at all, indicating the timing of archegonial differentiation during the ontogeny. Activity spectrum of authentic gibberellins on the basis of concentrations inducing 50% inhibition of archegonial formation was obtained as follows: GA4= GA9>GA7>GA3>GA1=

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA replica plating method is described for plant cells growing in Petri dishes. The method involved a uniform application of plant cells (Morinda citrifoliaL.) by spraying cells evenly on agar plates containing 60% conditioned medium. Subsequently the cells were allowed to grow through a nylon net. The net was removed from the master plate and placed upside down on replica plates. Cells from colonies adhering to the threads of the net were thus transferred to the replica plate and yielded colonies that, after a growth period of about 10–20 days, corresponded in position to the colonies on the master plate. An 80% transfer of colonies from the master plate to the copy plate was possibl

ISSN:0031-9317    

DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1977.tb04025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY