摘要:

Abstract.An autokeratoplasty was performed on the left eye of a 64‐year‐old female, with the graft transferred from the contralateral, blind eye. The endothelial morphology and thickness of the central cornea were studied pre‐operatively and yearly for 6 years after surgery. The endothelial cell density decreased rapidly during the first 2 years post‐operatively (55.5%), after which cell loss occurred at a considerably slower rate (about 2% of the pre‐operative cell density per year). During the observation period, the coefficient of variation in cell size stayed relatively constant (approximately 0.3). When the corneal thickness returned to normal 2 months after surgery, the endothelium showed a significant decrease in the percentage of hexagonal cells (15.0%). Between 2 months and 2 years post‐operatively, the percentage of hexagonal cells gradually returned to normal. These endothelial changes noted are remarkably similar to those previously seen in homografts, suggesting that cell damage due to immunologic reactions may not be a major factor in long‐term endothelial changes after

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08534.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Near point accommodation was measured using a RAF near point rule, and distant refraction in daylight and darkness were determined using a laser‐optometer in a double‐blind cross‐over study on 10 healthy test subjects (19–31 years). Determinations were made before and 40 min after topical instillations of 3 times 10 μl 10% phenylephrine, 0.5% thymoxamine, 1% adrenaline, 3% isoproterenol, 0.5% timolol and 0.5% betaxolol. Combinations of 3 times 10 μl 0.5% thymoxamine + 10% phenylephrine, 0.5% timolol + 1% adrenaline and 0.5%. betaxolol + 3% isoproterenol were also administered. The near point of accommodation decreased 0.8 + 0.3 diopter after instillations of the alpha1adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine, while an increase of 0.6 ± 0.2 diopter was determined after administration of the alpha adrenoceptor antagonist thymoxamine. Thymoxamine plus phenylephrine did not alter the pretreatment values. Beta adrenoceptor stimulation by isoproterenol or beta adrenoceptor inhibition by timolol or betaxolol had no effect on the near point accommodation. The difference between distant refraction in daylight and darkness, that is low‐luminance myopia, amounted to −1.25 ± 0.1 diopter. Phenylephrine caused a myopic shift in distant refraction in daylight and darkness of 0.32 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 0.2 diopter, respectively. This effect was due to the mydriatic action of phenylephrine. While using a 2 mm artificial pupil in four subjects, phenylephrine did not change distant refraction in daylight or darkness. After beta adrenoceptor stimulation by isoproterenol distant refraction in darkness shifted 0.12 ± 0.07 diopter towards hyperopia while beta adrenoceptor inhibition by timolol or betaxolol caused a myopic shift of 0.2 ± 0.1 diopter. These shifts were, however, not statistically significant. We conclude from these data that alpha1adrenoceptor stimulation decreases while alpha adrenoceptor antagonism increases the near point accommodation. Furthermore, alpha1adrenoceptor stimulation of the ciliary muscle is blocked by the alpha adrenoceptor antagonist

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A 32‐year‐old man underwent an operation for an oligodendroglioma of the left frontal lobe. Post‐operatively he was irradiated to a target dose of 54 Gy. One year later he developed bilateral retinopathy quite similar to diabetic retinopathy. There were no clinical or biochemical signs of diabetes or hematological disease. The calculated maximum dose to the retina was 11 Gy. This is to our knowledge the lowest retinal dose of ionizing radiation reported to produce retino

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08536.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The histopathological effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) was investigated in an intraocular retinoblastoma‐like tumour in vivo. Eighty‐two tumours were studied by light microscopy and 8 by electron microscopy. Damage of the vascular endothelium with dilation of the organelles was evident 1 h after treatment, followed by leakage of the blood vessels, tissue hemorrhages, and vascular collapse. Histopathological examination showed an overall pattern of shrinkage of the cytoplasm and pycnosis of the nuclei in most of the tumour cells 3–5 days after treatment. The tumour recurrence often developed from the periphery of the tumours and in a few cases from small islets of viable tissue. Use of high doses of Photofrin II or light energy was associated with damage in the light irradiated area both to the conjunctiva or cornea in the form of leucocyte infiltration or ulcers, and to the retina, which often developed edema and appeared severely disorganized, with damage of the photorece

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08537.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Development of an additional primary tumour, a suprasellar meningioma, is reported 47 years after successful treatment of bilateral retinoblastoma. The left eye of the patient was enucleated at the age of 1.5 years and the left orbit radiated with a total dose of 1200 rads. The right eye was treated by orthovoltage radiation only at the age of 4 years, the total dose being 5100 rads. The right eye became blind and phthisical, and it was enucleated at the age of 42 years. No active retinoblastoma was found. At the age of 48 years a large suprasellar meningioma was diagnosed and partially removed.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08538.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Thirty‐five repeated 50‐spot/180 degree argon laser trabeculoplasties (ALT) are prospectively compared to as many first ALT's. The distribution of the treatment variables possibly affecting the results was almost identical between the two groups. The postoperative intraocular pressure decrease was statistically significant in both groups but it was significantly smaller in the re‐AIT group as compared with the pressure reduction taking place in the group receiving their firs

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08539.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The present study investigated the influence of age and gender on the number of IgA‐ and IgM‐containing cells in the lacrimal gland. Tissues were obtained from male and female rats at 0.2 (infant), 0.6 (pre‐pubertal), 1.3 (pubertal), 3 (adult), 8 (mid‐life) and 17 (senescent) months of age, then processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. No IgA‐containing cells could be detected in lacrimal glands from infant rats, but a significant accumulation had occurred by 0.6 months of age. The extent of this increase was gender‐dependent: tissues from male rats had significantly higher IgA‐positive cell densities than those of females. After 0.6 months of age, no further variations in the density of IgA‐containing lymphocytes were observed in female gland. In contrast, male glands exhibited marked fluctuations in the density of IgA‐containing lymphocytes during the time period spanning puberty (0.6 → 3 months). Of interest, the frequency distibution of IgA‐containing cells in tissue sections was not uniform in rats older than 0.2 months. Correction of cell densities for age‐related elevations in lacrimal gland weight demonstrated that the total accumulation of IgA‐containing cells was both age‐ and gender‐related. Highest cell numbers were attained at 3 months in females and 3 and 17 months in males. Moreover, at all assessed ages, the total IgA‐containing cell number in glands of males was greater than, or equal to, that in tissues of females. In contrast to the IgA‐positive cell profile, no age‐ or gender‐associated differences were apparent in the number of IgM‐containing cells in the lacrimal gland. These findings demonstrate that both age and gender exert a significant impact on the population of IgA‐, but not

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08540.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Three different substances, [14C]inulin, [14C]polyethylenglycol (PEG, molecular weight 4000) and [3H]sucrose have been examined for suitability as markers for determination of the extracellular volume (ECV) in the bovine corneal epithelium and stroma. In both tissues, sucrose was the best marker reaching equilibrium of distribution within 90 min. Inulin and 4000 PEG have been found to be unacceptable because of a slow rate of penetration of the ECV. In addition, both inulin and 4000 PEG gave considerably lower values for the ECV than sucrose. Using the value for ECV determined with sucrose as a marker in the bovine corneal epithelium, i.e. 21.6 ± 1.4% of tissue water, and the results obtained previously by the chemical analysis of this tissue (Midelfart 1987) the intracellular concentrations of 34.4 ± 8.6 mmol Na/kg H2O and 154.3 ± 11.1 mmol K/kg H2O were determined. These results were compared with the results obtained by other methods in corneae from other speci

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08541.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.285 cases of penetrating keratoplasty in whom hydrophilic bandage lenses were fitted were analyzed for the occurrence of corneal ulcers. Of these eyes 26 developed culture‐proven bacterial ulcers. No correlation could be made between any particular type of contact lens and the development of corneal ulcer. Although no single factor could be delineated which may be responsible for this problem, this risk appears to be escalated where host defense mechanisms are impaired. The clinician should recognize the potential risk in using bandage lenses when the cornea is immunosuppressed and completely denervate

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A combination of yellow and neutral filters was placed in front of an eye with IOL in order to find a colour and brightness match with the healthy phakic fellow eye. A Munsell standard blue pigment colour target was used as a test. Nine persons with a unilateral IOL were examined. The yellow Schott filter GG 420 was chosen by 2 observers, GG 435 by 5 and GG 455 by the remaining 2. In combination with the yellow filter a Schott neutral filter 0.1 NG was preferred by 3 observers, and each of the neutral filters 0.3 NG, 0.45 NG and 0.6 NG was chosen by 2 observers. The luminance of the coloured test target was measured to be 120 cd/m2without filters and 86 to 31 cd/m2as measured through the selected filter combinations.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb08543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY