摘要:

Mature macrophages involved in the removal of outer segment material were found between the visual cells and retinal pigment epithelium of the ischaemic rabbit retina. The mature macrophages were evident after only 15 min of ischaemia and the cells became progressively more numerous with increasing periods of ischaemia. A quantitative study was undertaken into the occurrence of the macrophages. These cells were probably of retinal pigment epithelial origin.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01282.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The course of post‐mortem changes in rabbit retina has been followed. Short post‐mortem periods are accompanied by degenerative changes limited mainly to the visual cells and retinal pigment epithelium. Long post‐mortem periods are associated with degenerative changes throughout the retina. Retinal tissue maintained at room temperature was less affected than that kept at body temperature (37°C). Post‐mortem changes are similar to those observed following periods of pressure induced ischaemia and it is thought that the mechanical effects of pressure on retinal tissue are minimal at the level of resolution afforded by light mi

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The symptomatology in six cases with spontaneous carotid‐cavernous fistulas is discussed. All six patients presented with exophthalmos, dilated veins, pain and restriction of ocular movements. In four patients a bruit was found objectively as well as subjectively, four patients exhibited an increase of the intraocular pressure and in three cases vision was impaired. Of special interest is the finding that discrete symptoms such as venous congestion and slight pain appeared early in the course of the disease in all patients, and that in some of the patients an increase in intraocular pressure as well as disturbances in ocular motility were diagnosed long before the appearance of the exophthalmo

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Muscle biopsies from four patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and pigmentary retinopathy with symptoms and signs from other organs were studied by means of light and electron microscopy. Examination revealed a marked proliferation of abnormal mitochondria with a degeneration of both muscle and nerve tissue. Blood levels of lactate and pyruvate were measured and abnormal values of these metabolites were found in the three patients with the most pronounced ultrastructural changes. On the basis of these findings it is suggested that there is a biochemical defect in pyruvate‐lactate metabolism which could be responsible for the marked proliferation of the abnormal mitochondri

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the world literature we have found descriptions of five cases of Trichomonas vaginalis in the conjunctiva.Conjunctival swabs taken from 122 patients with conjunctivitis or keratitis revealed no flagellate micro‐organisms on phase‐contrast microscopy and culture. Neither did conjunctival swabs from 272 newborn infants, in spite of the fact that 3.7 per cent of their mothers had Trichomonas in the vagina. Trichomonas vaginalis is hardly likely to be responsible for conjunctivi

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01286.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dominant cystoid macular dystrophy (DCMD) occurred in 28 members of 5 unrelated families. The disease is characterized by cystoid macular oedema and leakage from retinal capillaries in the posterior pole. Colour vision examination reveals a type I red‐green defect with concomitant blue‐yellow defectiveness; the latter may be caused by the leaking capillaries. The ERG is normal. The EOG is subnormal. Darkadaptation curves are often slightly disturbed. There are frequently also aspecific pigmentary alterations in the peripheral fun

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01287.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new long‐acting local anaesthetic, etidocaine (Duranest®) has been compared to mepivacaine (Carbocaine®) in retrobulbar anaesthesia in a double‐blind trial including 45 patients. Solutions used were etidocaine 0.5% and 1% and mepivacaine 1%, all without adrenaline. The onset time was short and no difference was found between the solutions. The duration of analgesia and motor block was significantly longer with etidocaine 1% compared to mepivacaine 1%. In a following open study with etidocaine 1% and mepivacaine 1% about 80% of the the patients in the etidocaine group never experienced any post‐operative pain compared to about 50% in the mepivacaine group. No signs of local or systemic toxicity were noted in the

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Vital staining with an aqueous solution of 1% Congo red has been studied in the slit lamp. In 98 cases the dye was mixed with 1% lissamine green, in 120 eyes subsequent staining was performed with 0.125% fluorescein, and in 80 cases the mucous thread from the inferior conjunctival fornix was microscoped.Congo red stains dead cells, degenerate cells, and mucus. The dye discloses keratitis, corneal erosion, contact lens damages, corrosions, etc. It stains like lissamine green and rose bengal, though less frequently and less intensely than theseCongo red is a pH indicator. Acid reaction beyond its pH‐range (3.0–5.2) has not been demonstratedAmyloid‐specific colour reaction (red‐green dichromatic polarisation) has been noticed in mucous fibrils, most often in relation to infectious conjunctivitis and corrosion, never in normal eyes. Th phenomenon is believed to indicate degeneration of the mucous fibrils (on the analogy of toluidine‐blue‐stained mucus), whereas not presence of genuine amyloid. It is, in other words, an important phenomenon in the differential diagnosisCongo red is hardly indicated in ordinary clinical practice for vital staining of cornea and conjunctiva. Fluorescein, combined with rose bengal or lissamin green should

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ability to induce contrast colours is evident in normal persons by the tissue paper contrast principle. However, tests of good quality are not easily available.The design of a new series of charts follows two principles: 1) Selection of background hues in accordance with the maximally desaturated regions of the spectrum as seen by the colour defectives. 2) Exact adjustment of the neutral test field (constituted by the chart figures) in order to eliminate any false clue due to brightness contrasts. By introducing chart figures of alternative grey values appropriate tests can be attained for each type of colour vision defect37 persons with congenital colour defects and 15 persons with acquired defects were examined. The charts, according to the criteria for selection, proved to be selective in their screening efficiency

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01290.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Chiasmal lesions produce a characteristic form of partial optic atrophy, subtly reflected by objective changes in the peripapillary portion of the retinal nerve fibre layer. The degrees and distributions of these changes were documented by fundus photography in a series of steady state patients with different degrees of chiasmal damage from pituitary adenoma. Semi‐quantitative analysis disclosed a close correspondence with the degree of functional deficit. The state of the retinal nerve fibre layer can therefore be used as an objective indicator of the occurrence and severity of anatomical, chiasmal damag

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01291.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY