摘要:

Abstract.Clinical information, follow‐up and histopathological parameters of the primary lesions were assessed for all (45) individuals with conjunctival malignant melanomas in Sweden presenting during a 22.5 year period (1969 to mid 1991). The annual incidence of conjunctival malignant melanoma in Sweden was 0.0240 per 100 000. On average, two new cases were diagnosed each year (population 8.6 million in 1991). Sixty‐two per cent of the lesions recurred, but re‐growth in itself was not correlated to reduced survival. The actuarial 10‐year survival proportion using life‐table analysis was 70%. A significantly reduced survival due to tumour‐related death was noted in patients with tumours with high mitotic indices, many epitheloid cells and in lesions exceeding 10 mm in diameter. Other factors that may influence survival are presented in the context of previous reports. The present policy in Sweden for treating patients with malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva is outlined an

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08566.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Full thickness eyewall explants were made from human eyes, the retina and retinal pigment epithelium were removed, and the explants were maintained in vitro in Ham's F‐10 medium with 20% foetal bovine serum. Cultured explants were examined by scanning and transmission electronmicroscopy after varying lengths of time. When in vitro, choroidal cells migrated across the cut edge of the explant onto the denuded Bruch's membrane where they subsequently showed production of extracellular matrix. In the human eye, ingrowth of choroidal cells on Bruch's membrane is found in macular degenerations, inflammatory chorioretinal disorders and subsequent to trauma. The in vitro model system presented in our study could facilitate evaluation of the dynamics underlying such ingrowth and also of factors affecting the course of this proces

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08567.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We observed the influence of panretinal photocoagulation on the ERG c‐wave in rabbit eyes. DC‐registered ERGs were recorded from rabbit eyes before and after photocoagulation, and compared with those of the fellow eyes. The rabbits were subdivided into 3 groups according to application numbers: 500, 1000, and 1500 spots. The ERG c‐waves were found to have totally disappeared in all rabbits 3 days after panretinal photo‐coagulation, then reappeared with various intervals. In the 500 spot group, the c‐wave reappeared after one week, and almost reached control levels in one and a half months. In the 1000 spot group, a 10 day delay was noted, and 90% of control levels were regained after 6 months. In the 1500 spot group, the c‐wave didn't reappear until 2 weeks later, and regained 70% (of the control level) after 6 months. The recovery rates were related to the number of laser applications. These results indicate that the ultimate degree of recovery in c‐wave amplitude and the time required for the reestablishment of retinal pigment epithelium function both depend on the size of the co

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08568.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A group of 100 institutionalized geriatric patients aged 69–94 years (mean 81.2 years) was studied at Koskela Helsinki Municipal Hospital. The selection of the patients was randomized by taking 100 patients having a birthdate divisible by five. Glaucoma occurred in 15% of the patients (14 women and one man). Six patients had bilateral primary open‐angle glaucoma. One patient had capsular glaucoma in one eye and secondary glaucoma in the other eye. Eight patients had glaucoma only in one eye; three narrow‐angle glaucoma, three primary open‐angle glaucoma and two secondary glaucoma. Exfoliation occurred in 21 patients (26%, 21/80). Ten patients had bilateral exfoliation and 11 exfoliation only in one eye. IOP was measured in 75 patients, 150 eyes, with applanation tonometry, averaging 12.5 mmHg (SD 5.0), and in 22 patients, 44 eyes, with Schiötz tonometry, averaging 16.3 mmHg (SD 5.6). Visual acuity for long distance and also the reading acuity were>0.3 in 66%

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08569.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Eighty‐one eyes which had had trabeculectomy with a mean follow‐up period of 9.2 years (range 7 to 10 years) were studied retrospectively for their subsequent pattern of intraocular pressure. Of 43 chronic open‐angle glaucoma eyes, 29 (67%) had their pressures maintained below 21 mmHg by trabeculectomy alone over a 7–10‐year period. On the other hand, 25 of 38 (65%) eyes with other types of glaucoma required an average of 1.5 different antiglaucoma medications post‐op for the control of their intraocular pressures. Fifteen of 69 (22%) phakic eyes required cataract extraction at a mean of 5.1 years post‐op. Two of 43 (5%) chronic open‐angle glaucoma eyes suffered blinding complications attributable to the procedure. Seventeen percent: of eyes gained visual field at a mean of 7% of the pre‐op field per year following trabeculectomy. Fifty percent lost field at a mean rate

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08570.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.In this study the prevalence of myopia and age at onset among medical students were determined. Of the 140 senior medical students at The Faculty of Medicine, University of Trondheim, Norway, 133 (75 females, 58 males) were examined. Visual acuity was tested and the refractive error was measured using automated refraction and clinical refractive technique. The prevalence of myopia was found to be 50.3% in the right eye (n = 67) without significant difference between female and male students. The refractive state was unrelated to body height. Among the myopic students, the mean equivalent sphere was −2.34 ± 2.01 D in the right eye (range −9.25 D to −0.25 D). A clear relationship was detected between the current amount of myopia and the age at which corrective lenses were first prescribed. However, as much as 43.3% of the myopic students wearing corrective lenses first received these at the age of about 20 years, indicating a relatively high prevalence rate of adult‐onse

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08571.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Sensitivity variation in normal subjects was studied, by changing the number of test locations and the size of test fields on automated perimetry. Using the Sargon program, four different programs that differed in the number of test points or in the size of test field were made. Mean sensitivity and short‐term fluctuation were calculated from the same test points of each program. The program with the fewest points and the smallest size produced the greatest sensitivity and the least fluctuation. Our results showed that the number of test points and the size of test field affected the sensitivity and its reproducibility in automated perimetr

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08572.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We evaluated repeatability and reproducibility of the Allergan Humphrey model 820 ultrasonic biometer. Sixty eyes (30 subjects) free from ophthalmological abnormality were examined on two separate occasions by two experimenters, one experienced and one inexperienced. The 95% confidence limits for repeatability lie between +0.12/‐0.13 mm and reproducibility between +0.15/‐0.14 mm for AC depth, between +0.11/‐0.13 mm and +0.12/‐0.16 mm for lens thickness, between +0.17/‐0.19 mm and +0.19/‐0.18 mm for right axial length and between +0.26/‐0.40 mm and +0.22/‐0.25 mm for left axial length. The 40% gain used to measure left axial lengths produced poor retinal echospikes, which may account for reduced accuracy compared to the right eyes using 60% gain. Ten subjects (20 eyes) returned for 3 further visits and the variability over 5 sessions was examined using a two‐factor ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor. There were no significant experimenter or session effects and no interaction effect. This biometer gives clinically repeatable and reproducible results and is

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08573.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We studied the occurrence in an ophthalmological office practice of conjunctival eosinophilia in 333 normal subjects (mean age 26 years) and in 152 atopic and 484 non‐atopic patients (mean age 40 years) with various external eye symptoms. Eosinophils were present in 131/636 patients (21%) and in 22/333 asymptomatic normal subjects (7%). In those patients with conjunctival eosinophilia, a history of some kind of atopic condition was obtained only in 53/131 (40%). When the patients were characterized according to the presence of both eosinophilia and atopy, eosinophilia without signs of atopy was observed in 7–15% in different diagnostic groups. Patients with conjunctivitis or blepharoconjunctivitis had a fourfold risk for eosinophilia compared to normal subjects (odds ratios 4.52 and 4.09, confidence intervals 2.02, 10.12 and 2.40, 6.99), when atopy, sex, age, time of the examination and presence of bacteria were included as potential confounders in the regression model. We conclude that a considerable portion of patients with external eye symptoms, and especially with various forms of conjunctivitis, show eosinophilic inflammation without any evidence of atopic background. They can be labelled as having ‘intrinsic’ eosinophilic conjunctivitis analogously to the classification used in patients with intrinsic rhinitis and asthma. The etiology of this common non‐atopic syndrom remains to be es

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A multicentre, group comparative open study was carried out on 68 patients to compare the effects of 2% sodium cromoglycate eyedrops and an oral antihistamine, terfenadine, on acute symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. The study was continued for one week after the onset of acute symptoms. Both medications were equally efficient in reducing symptoms during the first hour of observation. During the one‐week follow‐up both medications reduced symptoms to a low level, and both medications were equally effective for allergic symptoms, except that terfenadine was more effective in reducing the watering of e

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb08575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY