摘要:

The present study was based on already existing clinical data concerning 599 persons born before 1907, examined during a general ophthalmic survey 1969‐72 and still remaining in the same district in July 1980. At the survey 1969‐72, 19 out of 1057 persons had manifest glaucoma, 14 were already treated for ocular hypertension, 54 had an IOP>20.5 mmHg and 970 were considered normal. Immediately after the survey, 17 patients were treated for manifest glaucoma and 19 for ocular hypertension. During the following 9 years treated persons were lost to a greater extent (64%) than untreated persons (43%). In July 1980 only 6 persons treated for manifest glaucoma since the survey remained, and 3 of them were socially blind. One out of 7 treated and 2 out of 28 untreated persons with ocular hypertension at the survey had developed visual field defects 9 years later. Manifest glaucomas, often advanced cases, were also detected in 9 persons considered normal at the survey. 5 out of 12 persons with manifest glaucoma detected after the survey had an IOP<20.5 mmHg at detection. The visual capacity of persons still remaining in the district 1980 was largely independent of all efforts to prevent blindness from glaucoma in the present populat

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02996.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ten consecutive cases of manifest glaucoma detected by optic disc assessment in ophthalmic patients born before 1907 were followed. Visual disability and subjective symptoms were common but usually caused by a combination of the glaucoma with other eye diseases. Disc haemorrhages were noted in all cases but two. The highest intraocular pressure recorded was below 23.5 mmHg in all cases but one with disc haemorrhage and one without.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02997.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A double‐masked cross‐over comparison of the ocular hypotensive effect in 19 glaucoma patients between timolol 0.5% ‐ a non‐selective beta‐blocking agent ‐ and metoprolol 3% ‐ a betar‐selective blocking agent ‐ disclosed a greater pressure lowering effect (mean 9%, median 7% more) with timolol in a treatment period of 1 month. In patients on timolol treatment 47%‐60% of the eyes could be controlled on an IOP level<20 mmHg compared to 34%‐47% of the eyes treated with metoprolol. Metoprolol induced a transitory burning sensation in the eyes of 58% patients compared to 26% treated with timolol. Possible signs of dry eyes manifestations as measured by break‐up time, rose bengal and fluorescein 1% staining, tear osmolality and Schirmer test I developed in both the timolol (4 patients) and metoprolol (3 patients) treated group. No significant influence on blood pressure and heart rate was observed. In none had the visual field or visual acuity deteriorated

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02998.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A 58‐year‐old woman treated with 0.5% timolol for an unilateral open angle glaucoma developed decreased corneal sensitivity in her treated eye. The hyposensitivity disappeared within 4 weeks after removal of timolol but reappeared after renewal of timolol treatment. Corneal sensitivity in the untreated eye was normal all the t

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02999.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a retrospective study 27 patients with retinal detachment had an advanced primary scleral atrophy, needing treatment with a scleral graft. Among these 27 patients none was younger than 47. There was a good correlation between the location of the atrophic sclera and the retinal tears. Many of these eyes had an oblique astigmatism. Lattice degeneration was found to be rare. A history of retinal detachment was common in the fellow eye. The scleral grafts were well accepted by the eyes.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb03000.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The early effects of intravenously administered sodium iodate (NaIO3) on the directly recorded standing potential (SP) of the eye and on thec‐ andb‐waves of the DC registered ERG were studied in 8 anaesthetized albino rabbits. In 5 of 6 animals obtaining 40 mg NaIO3/kg bwt. the SP decreased immediately following the injection, and had attained a level 3.5–4 mV below the original one after 1 h. Thec‐wave declined rapidly and 6 min after the injection it was replaced by a large cornea‐negative potential. Theb‐wave was relatively unchanged except in one animal. In 2 rabbits treated with 30 mg NaIO3/kg bwt. and in the 6th animal obtaining 40 mg NaIO3/kg bwt. an SP increase instead of a decrease was seen, and thec‐wave was more slowly (about 22 min after the injection) replaced by the cornea‐negative potential. Theb‐wave was somewhat increased. These results demonstrate the dose‐related and interindividual variability in the SP reaction to NaIO3and are in good agreement with the well‐known ultrastructural pigment epithelial injury andc‐wave changes pro

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb03001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The need and accuracy of a hypermetropia test, recommended as a screening test in Swedish schools, was evaluated in a series of 118 8‐year‐old children not wearing glasses. The distant visual acuity was determined without correction and with plus spheres of two different strengths, +1.5 D and +2.0 D respectively. When compared to the objective refraction and with an arbitrary limit of hypermetropia of +2.5 diopters, it could be shown that neither of the hypermetropia tests fulfilled the criteria of an adequate screening test. Except for two children all hypermetropics beyond +3.0 were previously known. The reading skills of the children were estimated by their teachers. No correlation was found between the degree of hypermetropia and reading difficulties. The results indicate that the hypermetropia test could be omitted from the regular vision tests of schoolchildren, at least in areas covered with an efficient pre‐school vision scre

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb03002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A simple screening method for detecting strabismus, anisometropia and ametropia in young children by simultaneous photography of the corneal and fundus reflexes with a conventional camera and two flashlights is presented. The method is the photographic application of the von Brückner Durchleuchtung test and static skiascopy, in which vertical and horizontal meridian of both eyes are now measured simultaneously in one photograph. The objective document from the external part of the eyes and the face is obtained at the same time

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb03003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The conjunctival bacterial flora in wearers of hydrophilic, hard and silicone lenses and in a non‐lens control group has been studied. Cultures were also taken from the posterior surface of the various contact lenses. Coagulase negative staphylococci were the most commonly occurring microorganisms both on the conjunctiva and on the lenses. Further identification of these bacteria showedStaph. epidermidisto be the predominant species. Compared with the control group a significantly increased frequency of negative conjunctival cultures was found among the lens wearers (P= 0.020). The occurrence of coagulase negative staphylococci was reduced, but the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.08). Gram‐negative bacilli were more frequently found during lens wear (P= 0.012), but were mainly species which are traditionally regarded as apathogenic. The possible influence of lens disinfection, duration of lens wear and eye/lid hygiene on the conjunctival bacterial flora is discus

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb03004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eyes of anaesthetized rabbits, fitted with contact lenses, were exposed to showers of burning grit particles. Hard contact lenses provided efficient protection for the covered part of the cornea. Soft lenses also had a certain protective effect since the majority of the particles rebounded and the others caused only superficial epithelial damage to the cornea. The soft lenses were themselves heavily damaged. Exposure to attack by larger particles of metal was also tested. The hard lenses, which splintered at a lower energy than that required for penetration of the cornea, could increase the risk of injury by penetration of splinters of plastic. Soft lenses with high liquid content constituted neither a protection nor a risk. Soft lenses with low water content were, however, significantly different from the other types since a considerably higher momentum of the particles was required for penetration of the cornea when covered by such lenses.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb03005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY